Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Open-Ocean Shorelines for the Undeveloped Areas of New Jersey's Barrier Islands, Extracted from Orthoimagery, March 9, 1991 to July 30, 2013 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: 960 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Fla. Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0960/downloads/sandy_hook.zip Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0960/downloads/barnegat_bay.zip Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0960/downloads/great_bay.zip Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0960/downloads/great_channel.zip Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0960/downloads/ludlum_bay.zip Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0960/downloads/cape_may.zip Description: Abstract: Assessing the physical change to shorelines and wetlands is critical in determining the resiliency of wetland systems that protect adjacent habitat and communities. The wetland and back-barrier shorelines of New Jersey changed as a result of wave action and storm surge that occurred during Hurricane Sandy, which made landfall on October 29, 2012. The impact of Hurricane Sandy will be assessed and placed in its historical context to understand the future vulnerability of wetland systems. Making these assessments will rely on data extracted from current and historical resources such as maps, aerial photographs, satellite imagery, and lidar elevation data, which document physical changes over time. This USGS Data Series publication includes several open-ocean shorelines, back-island shorelines, back-island shoreline points, sand area polygons, and sand lines for the undeveloped areas of New Jersey's barrier islands that were extracted from orthoimagery (ortho aerial photography) dated from March 9, 1991 to July 30, 2013. This data-set consists of lines that were hand-digitized at the approximate open-ocean water line at a scale of approximately 1:2,000. The lines were visually generalized through waves and swash zones by the photointerpreter. Orthoimagery of New Jersey were acquired in digital format from U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and New Jersey Geographic Information Network (NJGIN). The following list provides additional details about the orthoimagery used. The open-ocean shorelines are organized by area with all dates for each area compiled into one data-set (shapefile) named nj_sshrln__.shp. The orthoimage date for each line is in the shapefile attribute table "Date_" field. Date Type Source Resolution 19910309-19910313 Pan USGS, DOQQ 1 m (meter) 19950325-19950407 CIR USGS, DOQQ 1 m 20020218-20020411 CIR NJGIN 1 m* 20060805-20060613 Natural USDA, NAIP 1 m 20070318-20070415 Natural NJGIN 1 m* 20080808-20080826 Natural USDA, NAIP 1 m 20100703-20100726 Natural USDA, NAIP 1 m 20120314-20120416 RGBI NJGIN 1 m* 20121031-20121106 Natural NOAA 1 m* 20130707-20130730 Natural USDA, NAIP 1 m Pan - Panchromatic (1 band, gray scale) CIR - Color Infrared (infrared, red, green) Natural - Natural Color (red, green, blue) RGBI - Natural Color and Infrared (red, green, blue, and infrared) DOQQ - Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quads NAIP - National Agriculture Imagery Program *Resampled from 1-foot resolution imagery. Purpose: These data were extracted from orthoimagery to document the changes in the undeveloped areas of New Jersey's barrier island open-ocean shoreline due to Hurricane Sandy and over time from 1991 to 2013. These data will aid in developing an assessment of the physical change in wetlands due to wave action and storm surge from Hurricane Sandy and in determining the resiliency of wetland systems that protect adjacent habitat and communities. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19910309 Ending_Date: 20130730 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.906253 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.972854 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.486353 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.927371 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:385471e9-e1f9-440c-b71e-1887e8cdf993 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: orthoimagery Theme_Keyword: orthophotography Theme_Keyword: shoreline Theme_Keyword: wetlands Theme_Keyword: erosion Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: LAND SURFACE > LAND USE/LAND COVER > LAND COVER Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BARRIER ISLANDS Theme_Keyword: COASTAL PROCESSES > BEACHES Theme_Keyword: DOI/USGS/CMG > COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: New Jersey Place_Keyword: Sandy Hook Place_Keyword: Barnegat Bay Place_Keyword: Great Bay Place_Keyword: Ludlum Bay Place_Keyword: Great Channel Place_Keyword: Cape May Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: National Seashore Place_Keyword: Monmouth County Place_Keyword: Ocean County Place_Keyword: Atlantic County Place_Keyword: Cape May County Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Temporal_Keyword: 1991 Temporal_Keyword: 1995 Temporal_Keyword: 2002 Temporal_Keyword: 2006 Temporal_Keyword: 2007 Temporal_Keyword: 2008 Temporal_Keyword: 2010 Temporal_Keyword: 2012 Temporal_Keyword: 2013 Access_Constraints: None. Use_Constraints: Variability in the quality of the imagery from one date to another, from one image to another taken on the same date, and from one part of an image to another part of the same image, exists due to many factors including variation in sun angle, atmospheric conditions, season, reflectivity of the earth surface, camera angle, camera lens, camera settings, film sensitivity, water turbidity, water depth, tide level, waves, and error in image rectification. No adjustments were made to account for tide level. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, Coastal and Marine Geology Program as the originator of these data in future products or derivative research. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Kristy Guy Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th St. S. City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8181 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kguy@usgs.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) Data_Set_Credit: Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, Coastal and Marine Geology Program as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other data-sets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.2.2.3552. Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: Not all of the orthoimagery data-sets covered the entire study area. Inconsistencies due to differences in image quality should be expected. No adjustments were made for varying tide levels. The lines were digitized at a scale of approximately 1:2,000. Completeness_Report: Complete. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The horizontal accuracy of the data is unknown. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS Publication_Date: 2015 Title: USGS DOQQ Orthoimagery Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: orthophotography Publication_Information: Publication_Place: http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/ Publisher: USGS Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19910309 Ending_Date: 19950407 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Orthoimagery Source_Contribution: This data source was used to hand-digitize open-ocean shorelines. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Publication_Date: 2015 Title: USDA NAIP Orthoimagery Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: orthophotography Publication_Information: Publication_Place: http://datagateway.nrcs.usda.gov/GDGOrder.aspx Publisher: USDA Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20060805 Ending_Date: 20130730 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USDA Orthoimagery Source_Contribution: This data source was used to hand-digitize open-ocean shorelines. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: New Jersey Geographic Information Network (NJGIN) Publication_Date: 2015 Title: NJGIN Orthoimagery Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: orthophotography Publication_Information: Publication_Place: https://njgin.state.nj.us/NJ_NJGINExplorer/DataDownloads.jsp Publisher: NJGIN Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20130315 Ending_Date: 20130315 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NJGIN Orthoimagery Source_Contribution: This data source was used to hand-digitize open-ocean shorelines. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Publication_Date: 2015 Title: NOAA Orthoimagery Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: orthophotography Publication_Information: Publication_Place: http://storms.ngs.noaa.gov/storms/sandy/index.html Publisher: NOAA Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20121031 Ending_Date: 20121106 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA Orthoimagery Source_Contribution: This data source was used to hand-digitize open-ocean shorelines. Process_Step: Process_Description: Using ArcMap 10.2 and a scale of approximately 1:2,000, a line was hand-digitized at the approximate open-ocean water line. The lines were visually generalized through waves and swash zones by the photointerpreter. The orthoimagery date was added to the "Date_" field in the attribute table for each line. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Orthoimagery Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: USDA Orthoimagery Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NJGIN Orthoimagery Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA Orthoimagery Process_Date: 2015 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: sshrln_*.shp Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: USGS Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th St. S. City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8181 Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) Contact_Instructions: If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please leave a voice message. Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 302 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 18 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.6096 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.6096 Planar_Distance_Units: meter Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: sshrln_*.shp Entity_Type_Definition: Open-ocean shorelines hand-digitized from orthoimagery. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Id Attribute_Definition: User specified identifier. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 302 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date_ Attribute_Definition: Date of orthoimage source. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Date in month, day, year formatted as text. This date may represent a date range, if the exact date is unknown. If that is the case, the range of dates is stated in the Note attribute. Attribute: Attribute_Label: yyyymmdd Attribute_Definition: Date of orthoimage source formatted as an 8-digit number representing year, month, and day. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Date formatted as an 8-digit number representing year, month, and day. This date may represent a date range, if the exact date is unknown. If that is the case, the range of dates is stated in the Note attribute. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Note Attribute_Definition: Additional information. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Additional text information. If the source orthoimage was taken within a range of dates, those dates are specified here. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Kristy Guy Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, Fla. Contact_Position: GIS/RS Analyst Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Hours_of_Service: Monday-Friday, 9:00-5:00 Eastern Time Resource_Description: DS 960 Distribution_Liability: Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ArcGIS shapefile Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0960/downloads/sandy_hook.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0960/downloads/barnegat_bay.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0960/downloads/great_bay.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0960/downloads/great_channel.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0960/downloads/ludlum_bay.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0960/downloads/cape_may.zip Fees: None if obtained online; otherwise prices vary. Ordering_Instructions: Publications are available from USGS Information Services, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225-0046 (telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS, e-mail: infoservices@usgs.gov). Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201013 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: USGS Contact_Person: Kristy Guy Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8181 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kguy@usgs.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Access_Constraints: None. Metadata_Use_Constraints: None. Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None. Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: NONE