Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Alisha M. Ellis Originator: Nicholas J. Zaremba Originator: Cathryn J. Wheaton Originator: Joseph M. Vargas Originator: Christopher G. Smith Originator: Robert L. Jenkins III Publication_Date: 20241107 Title: Detailed grain-size data of estuarine, barrier island, and shoreface environments around Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Alisha M. Ellis Originator: Nicholas J. Zaremba Originator: Cathryn J. Wheaton Originator: Joseph M. Vargas Originator: Christopher G. Smith Originator: Robert L. Jenkins III Publication_Date: 20241107 Title: Detailed Grain-Size Data of Estuarine, Barrier Island, and Shoreface Environments Around Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P14RPHBB Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P14RPHBB Description: Abstract: In 2015, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS SPCMSC) conducted sediment sampling surveys on and around the barrier islands of Dauphin Island and Little Dauphin Island, Mobile County, Alabama (AL) under USGS Field Activity Number (FAN) 2015-322-FA (sub-FAN 15BIM09). The study investigated surficial sediment surrounding Dauphin Island and surrounding environments to inform sediment transport model scenarios of coastal change. This data release provides the average grain-size distribution computed from multiple runs of the 240 samples, each from a unique site, which is a subset of samples report in and methods detailed in in Data Series 1046 (Ellis and others, 2017). Sediments were collected from coastal sub-environments including dunes, beaches, protected bays, and open water. The sampling efforts by the USGS were part of a larger study to assess the current state and future function of Dauphin Island, Alabama and assess what types of restoration efforts are feasible, sustainable, and can be resilient to future storms. The data collected and presented in this data release will be utilized by modelers in an attempt to address these questions using hindcast / nowcast modeling as it relates to baseline condition and storm events. This study was funded by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, which is administered by the Gulf Environmental Benefit Fund, following extensive consultation with the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. This report supplements the prior Data Series by providing each samples detailed grain distribution used by Ellis and others (2017) to compute traditional grain-size summary statistics. Purpose: The Detailed_Grain_Size_Data dataset includes a comma-separated values file (.csv) and Microsoft Excel file (.xlsx) summarizing particle size analysis results from samples collected on and around Dauphin Island, Alabama, August 12 - 20, 2015 by the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center. Supplemental_Information: The data provided in this data release are the average grain-size distribution used to compute standard groundwater summary metrics. Following USGS SPCMSC data management protocols, this survey was assigned a USGS field activity number (FAN), 2015-322-FA. Additional survey and data details are available on the Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2015-322-FA. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20150812 Ending_Date: 20150820 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.34300 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.04000 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.30000 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.17000 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:b55e29ee-200a-45ef-8cdd-0d332b787f66 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: biota Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: unconsolidated deposits Theme_Keyword: geology Theme_Keyword: geomorphology Theme_Keyword: grain-size analysis Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: sediment Theme_Keyword: surface Theme_Keyword: grain-size Theme_Keyword: mean Theme_Keyword: sorting Theme_Keyword: skewness Theme_Keyword: kurtosis Theme_Keyword: Folk and Ward Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Barrier Island Mapping Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Dauphin Island Place_Keyword: Pelican Bay Place_Keyword: Mississippi Sound Place_Keyword: State of Alabama Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: sediment Stratum_Keyword: surface Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword: August 2015 Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8035 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: This study was funded by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, which is administered by the Gulf Environmental Benefit Fund, following extensive consultation with the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Apple OS X El Capitan Version 10.11.6; Microsoft Excel for Mac 2016 Version 15.22; GRADISTAT version 8. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Alisha M. Ellis Originator: Marci E. Marot Originator: Christopher G. Smith Originator: Cathryn J. Wheaton Publication_Date: 20170620 Title: The physical characteristics of the sediments on and surrounding Dauphin Island, Alabama Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: 1046 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1046 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Simon J. Blott Originator: Kenneth Pye Publication_Date: 20010928 Title: GRADISTAT: A grain size distribution and statistics package for the analysis of unconsolidated sediments Edition: Version 8.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Issue_Identification: Volume 26, Issue 11 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 1237-1248 Online_Linkage: http://www.kpal.co.uk/gradistat.html Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.261 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Robert L. Folk Originator: William C. Ward Publication_Date: 19570301 Title: Brazos River bar: A study in the significance of grain size parameters Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology Issue_Identification: Volume 27, No. 1 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 3-26 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1306/74D70646-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: William C. Krumbein Publication_Date: 19340801 Title: Size frequency distributions of sediments Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology Issue_Identification: Volume 4, No. 2 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 65-77 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1306/D4268EB9-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Chester K. Wentworth Publication_Date: 1922 Title: A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Geology Issue_Identification: Volume 30, No. 5 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 377-392 Online_Linkage: https://www.jstor.org/stable/30063207 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The grain-size distribution data represent sample averages calculated from the raw Coulter data. All but one sample (15BIM09-DA234S) had a statistically robust bin average consisting of six, seven, or all eight runs; while 15BIM09-DA234S had only three runs used to compute the bin averages. The exact number of runs for each sample is available in Ellis and others (2017) and can be cross referenced by sample identification. Logical_Consistency_Report: The complete grain-size dataset, including average of the 92 bins, are provided in this data release. Completeness_Report: This is a complete detailed grain-size dataset consisting of 240 surface sediment samples from 240 sampling sites collected on and around Dauphin Island, Alabama. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Surface sediment samples were collected from 240 individual sites on and around Dauphin Island by hand, PONAR grab, or a VanVeen sediment sampler attached to a miniSEABOSS. Samples were transported to the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) for analysis Prior to particle size analysis, sediment samples which appeared to consist of greater than 5 percent organic material had the organic matter chemically removed from the samples using approximately 8 milliliters (mL) of 30 percent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) overnight. The H2O2 was then evaporated through slow heating on a hot plate, and the sediment was washed and centrifuged twice with deionized water. Samples which appeared to consist of less than 5 percent organic material were dried at 60 degrees Celsius (°C). To prevent shell fragments from damaging the Coulter LS200, particles greater than 1 millimeter (mm) in diameter were separated from all samples prior to analysis with a number 18 (1000 micrometers) U.S. standard sieve, which meets the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E11 standard specifications for determining particle size with woven-wire test sieves. The samples were washed through the sieve with filtered municipal water and a few milliliters of sodium hexametaphosphate solution to act as a deflocculant. The sediment slurry was sonicated with a wand sonicator for 30–60 seconds before being introduced into the Coulter LS200 to break down aggregated particles. Two subsamples from each sample were processed through the Coulter LS200 with a minimum of four runs apiece. The Coulter LS200 measures the particle-size distribution of each sample by passing sediment suspended in solution between two narrow panes of glass in front of a laser. The particles scatter light into characteristic refraction patterns that are measured by an array of photodetectors as intensity per unit area and recorded as relative volume for 92 size-classification channels, or bins. Process_Date: 2015 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8035 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The raw grain-size data were then run through the free software program, GRADISTAT version 8, (Blott and Pye, 2001; kpal.co.uk/gradistat), which calculates the mean, median, sorting, skewness, and kurtosis of each sample geometrically in metric units and logarithmically in phi units (Φ) (Krumbein, 1934) using the Folk and Ward (1957) method. GRADISTAT also calculates the fraction of sediment from each sample by size category (for example, clay, coarse silt, fine sand) based on a modified Wentworth (1922) size scale. A macro function in Microsoft Excel, developed by the USGS SPCMSC, was applied to the data to calculate the average and standard deviation for each sample set (8 runs per sample). Runs that varied from the set average by more than ± 1.5 standard deviations were removed from the results, and the sample average was recalculated using the remaining runs. The average grain-size distribution (92-bins) for 240 samples are provided in this data release. Other relevant data for these samples are available in Ellis and others (2017). Process_Date: 2015 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8035 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Detailed_Grain_Size_Data.csv, Detailed_Grain_Size_Data.xlsx Entity_Type_Definition: Average grain-size distribution averaged from LS200 output listing the class weight retained in each aperture bin as a percent of the total sample weight averaged for all runs where standard deviation was less than 1.5 (Ellis and others, 2017). Files are provided comma-separated values (.csv) and Microsoft Excel (.xlsx) formats. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sample Identity: Attribute_Definition: Sample identification Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character string containing the sample identification information (including sub-FAN, 15BIM09) and set number. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Aperture (microns) Attribute_Definition: Coulter software bin aperture, in microns Attribute_Definition_Source: Beckman Coulter LS200 Software Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.393 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1913.438 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Average Class Weight Retained (%) Attribute_Definition: The percent of that class weight retained of the total sample for the given bin aperture averaged for all applicable runs. Attribute_Definition_Source: Beckman Coulter LS200 Software Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 14.534 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: USGS SPCMSC Data Management Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: Saint Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Detailed_Grain_Size_Data.csv, Detailed_Grain_Size_Data.xlsx Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product name is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 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