Metadata:
  Identification_Information:
    Citation:
      Citation_Information:
        Originator: Priscila Vargas-Babilonia
        Originator: Legna M. Torres-Garcia
        Originator: David M. Thompson
        Originator: Mark L. Buckley
        Originator: Margaret L. Palmsten
        Publication_Date: 20250322
        Title: Pressure Time Series Measurements Collected at Dorado, Puerto Rico
        Edition: 1.0
        Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
        Larger_Work_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: Priscila Vargas-Babilonia
            Originator: Legna M. Torres-Garcia
            Originator: David M. Thompson
            Originator: Mark L. Buckley
            Originator: Margaret L. Palmsten
            Publication_Date: 20250322
            Title: Oceanographic Time Series Measurements Collected at Dorado, Puerto Rico
            Series_Information:
              Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data release
              Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P1R9EXPE
            Publication_Information:
              Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida
              Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
            Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P1R9EXPE
    Description:
      Abstract: Pressure loggers were deployed at Dorado Beach, Puerto Rico along a cross-shore transect on the forereef (sites TS, T1 and T2), reef crest (site T3) and reef flat (sites T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9). Additionally, pressure loggers were placed west and east to the transect (sites W1 and E1, respectively), and at a channel in the northeast side of the embayment (site C1). These instruments were deployed from October 2022 to March 2023, with the exception of site T9, which was deployed from December 2022 to March 2023. This data release also includes three deployments at site TS from August 2022 to October 2022, from October 2022 to March 2023, and from March 2023 to December 2023. A significant swell event in December 2022 may have induced slight shifts in the pressure sensor's position.
      Purpose: The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) deployed a series of oceanographic instruments at Dorado, Puerto Rico from 2022-2023 to study the hydrodynamics and coastal responses of coral reef-lined coasts. The instruments used include (1) a Sofar Ocean® Spotter wave buoys with Smart Mooring, (2) RBR® pressure loggers, and (3) Teledyne® RD Instruments (RDI) and Nortek® Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs). In conjunction with beach elevation surveys and video camera monitoring, these data will be used for the development and validation of forecasts for a variety of coastal processes such as shoreline change, total water level, wave runup, and dune erosion during extreme storms.
      Supplemental_Information: Following USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) data management protocols, this survey was assigned a USGS field activity number (FAN), 2022-330-FA. Additional survey and data details are available on the Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/services/activity.php?fan=2022-330-FA
    Time_Period_of_Content:
      Time_Period_Information:
        Range_of_Dates/Times:
          Beginning_Date: 20220810
          Ending_Date: 20231202
      Currentness_Reference: ground condition
    Status:
      Progress: Complete
      Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
    Spatial_Domain:
      Bounding_Coordinates:
        West_Bounding_Coordinate: -66.29021
        East_Bounding_Coordinate: -66.27875
        North_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.48804
        South_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.47224
    Keywords:
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
        Theme_Keyword: USGS:ded6ab12-d31f-4c48-9e2f-bfbcf68bd41a
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
        Theme_Keyword: oceans
        Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning
        Theme_Keyword: Water Column Features
        Theme_Keyword: Distributions
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
        Theme_Keyword: ocean waves
        Theme_Keyword: ocean currents
        Theme_Keyword: water temperature
        Theme_Keyword: ocean sciences
        Theme_Keyword: time series datasets
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords
        Theme_Keyword: physical oceanography
        Theme_Keyword: water level measurements
        Theme_Keyword: oceanography
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
        Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
        Theme_Keyword: USGS
        Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
        Theme_Keyword: CMHRP
        Theme_Keyword: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
        Theme_Keyword: SPCMSC
      Place:
        Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
        Place_Keyword: Dorado
        Place_Keyword: Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
    Access_Constraints: No access constraints. Please see 'Distribution Information' for details.
    Use_Constraints: These data are marked with a Creative Common CC0 1.0 Universal License. These data are in the public domain and do not have any use constraints. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations.
    Point_of_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Organization_Primary:
          Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
          Contact_Person: USGS SPCMSC Data Management
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: mailing and physical
          Address: 600 4th St S
          City: St Petersburg
          State_or_Province: FL
          Postal_Code: 33701
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov
    Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 10 Enterprise Version 22H2; National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Vertical Datum Transformation (VDatum) version 4.7.0; Ruskin (version 2.20.10); Python (version 3.10.12).
    Cross_Reference:
      Citation_Information:
        Originator: Nowacki, D.J.
        Originator: Suttles, S.E.
        Originator: Bales, R.D.
        Originator: De Meo, O.A.
        Publication_Date: 20241202
        Title: Oceanographic Time Series Data Processing Library
        Series_Information:
          Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data release
          Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P13IQYFW
        Publication_Information:
          Publication_Place: Santa Cruz, California
          Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey - Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
        Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P13IQYFW
  Data_Quality_Information:
    Attribute_Accuracy:
      Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The RBRvirtuoso3 and RBRsolo3 pressure sensors have an initial pressure accuracy of 0.05% full scale and a pressure resolution of <0.001% full scale.
    Logical_Consistency_Report: Pressure sensor data were compared to local atmospheric pressure before deployment and an offset was determined. This offset along with the time series of local atmospheric data were used to find corrected pressure data (variable name "P_1ac" and standard_name "sea_water_pressure_due_to_sea_water" in the data files).
    Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Gaps between deployments were caused by factors such as instrument failure, premature battery depletion, or delays in the scheduled deployment. Data quality assurance and control involved inspecting the raw data and removing instances where the sensor incorrectly recorded a pressure of zero (Nowacki and others, 2024).
    Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
        Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Site location was obtained from a handheld global positioning system (GPS) Garmin® GPSmap 62s with a nominal accuracy of 3-5 meters (m) 95% of the time (Wide Area Augmentation System [WAAS] accuracy in North America). Locations were collected in the World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84) coordinate system. A significant swell event in December 2022 may have induced slight shifts in the pressure sensor's position.
      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
        Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Orthometric elevations were projected to the Puerto Rico Vertical Datum 2002 (PRVD02) and were estimated using NOAA's VDatum tool with estimates of local mean sea level from the corrected pressure data from the deployment. For these data, the uncertainties for vertical position are considered ~ 0.10 m. A significant swell event in December 2022 may have induced slight shifts in the pressure sensor's position.
    Lineage:
      Process_Step:
        Process_Description: Pressure loggers were deployed in thirteen locations at Dorado, Puerto Rico. USGS divers attached the instrument to a frame and traveled via boat to each site. At site TS, which also had a wave buoy installed, three separate pressure logger deployments occurred: August 10, 2022 to October 22, 2022, October 22, 2022 to March 24, 2023, and March 24, 2023 to December 2, 2023. During the first two deployments, the base consisted of four stacked 45-pound (lb) weights. However, after the base was found tilted, a fiberglass frame with six distributed 45-lb weights were used for the third pressure logger deployment. For the remaining sites, the pressure loggers were deployed between October 20-24, 2022, and recovered during March 21-24, 2023; with the exception of the logger at site T9, which was deployed from December 8, 2022, to March 21, 2023. At sites T1, T2, T5, W1, E1, and C1 the pressure loggers were attached to a fiberglass frame with distributed weights, along with an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP). At sites T3, T4, T6, T7, T8 and T9, the loggers were attached to a single 45 lb weight. The site coordinates were measured by a handheld Garmin® GPSmap 62s. The divers also measured the height from the seabed to the pressure sensor with a ruler during each deployment and recovery.
        Process_Date: 20231202
        Process_Contact:
          Contact_Information:
            Contact_Person_Primary:
              Contact_Person: Legna Torres-Garcia
              Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
            Contact_Position: Research Physical Scientist
            Contact_Address:
              Address_Type: mailing and physical
              Address: 600 4th Street South
              City: St. Petersburg
              State_or_Province: FL
              Postal_Code: 33701
              Country: USA
            Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8105
            Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ltorresgarcia@usgs.gov
      Process_Step:
        Process_Description: The instrument data were exported into text files with the software Ruskin v2.20.10. The text files were processed and converted into network common data form (netCDF, .nc) files with the scripts runrskcsv2cdf.py and runrskcdf2nc.py from stglib python libraries, a package of code to process data consistent with procedures of the USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program. For more information about stglib and the attributes used in the netCDFs to process the data, refer to Nowacki and others (2024). The netCDFs contain the data trimmed for the period in which the instrument was in the water. Details of which portions of data were flagged and replaced with the fill value are available in the netCDF global attributes. Attributes conforming to CF (Climate and Forecast) Convention 1.8 were added to each file by stglib. Times are in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
        Process_Date: 20250123
        Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: *.nc
        Process_Contact:
          Contact_Information:
            Contact_Person_Primary:
              Contact_Person: Priscila Vargas-Babilonia
              Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
            Contact_Position: Physical Scientist
            Contact_Address:
              Address_Type: mailing and physical
              Address: 600 4th Street South
              City: St. Petersburg
              State_or_Province: FL
              Postal_Code: 33701
              Country: USA
            Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8104
            Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvargas-babilonia@usgs.gov
  Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
    Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Spatial_Reference_Information:
    Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Geographic:
        Latitude_Resolution: 0.00001
        Longitude_Resolution: 0.00001
        Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
      Geodetic_Model:
        Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
        Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
        Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
        Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
    Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Altitude_System_Definition:
        Altitude_Datum_Name: Puerto Rico Vertical Datum 2002
        Altitude_Resolution: 0.1
        Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
        Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
      Depth_System_Definition:
        Depth_Datum_Name: Mean sea level
        Depth_Resolution: 0.1
        Depth_Distance_Units: meters
        Depth_Encoding_Method: Explicit depth coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
  Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
    Overview_Description:
      Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The Climate and Forecast (CF)-compliant metadata (version CF-1.8) in the header of the netCDF files provide information about the conventions used for attributes in the dataset. Times are in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). NetCDF filenames include site ID, deployment date (YYYYMMDD), an abbreviation of the instrument type ("P" for pressure logger), "b" or "cont" for burst or continuous pressure sampling mode, and "cal" for calibrated pressure data. Files are available for download individually on the data release webpage, or all files compressed into a single zip file, 1_Dorado_Pressure.zip.
      Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information.
  Distribution_Information:
    Distributor:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Organization_Primary:
          Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
          Contact_Person: USGS SPCMSC Data Management
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: mailing and physical
          Address: 600 4th St S
          City: St. Petersburg
          State_or_Province: FL
          Postal_Code: 33701
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov
    Resource_Description: DOC120221022Pcont-cal.nc, DOE120221024Pcont-cal.nc, DOT120221022Pcont-cal.nc, DOT220221021Pcont-cal.nc, DOT320221020Pcont-cal.nc, DOT420221020Pcont-cal.nc, DOT520221021Pcont-cal.nc, DOT620221023Pcont-cal.nc, DOT720221023Pcont-cal.nc, DOT820221023Pcont-cal.nc, DOT920221208Pcont-cal.nc, DOTS20220810Pcont-cal.nc, DOTS20220920Pcont-cal.nc, DOTS20221022Pcont-cal.nc, DOTS20230324Pcont-cal.nc, DOW120221023Pcont-cal.nc
    Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
    Standard_Order_Process:
      Digital_Form:
        Digital_Transfer_Information:
          Format_Name: NetCDF
          Format_Version_Number: netCDF-4, CF-1.8
          Format_Information_Content: Time series data in netCDF format following Climate and Forecast (CF) Metadata Conventions version 1.8.
          File_Decompression_Technique: Compressed file of whole dataset and uncompressed individual files provided.
          Transfer_Size: 8937
        Digital_Transfer_Option:
          Online_Option:
            Computer_Contact_Information:
              Network_Address:
                Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P1R9EXPE
            Access_Instructions: This link provides access to the data release webpage where netCDF files can be downloaded in a single zip file, or individually.
      Fees: None
    Technical_Prerequisites: These data can be viewed with any software capable of reading netCDF files.
  Metadata_Reference_Information:
    Metadata_Date: 20250322
    Metadata_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Organization_Primary:
          Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
          Contact_Person: USGS SPCMSC Data Management
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: mailing and physical
          Address: 600 4th St S
          City: St. Petersburg
          State_or_Province: FL
          Postal_Code: 33701
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov
    Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
    Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998