Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Beach Topography—Fire Island, New York, Post-Hurricane Sandy, April 2013: Ground Based Lidar (1-Meter Digital Elevation Model) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Raster digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 921 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0921/downloads/FI_CLARIS2013_dem.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Owen Brenner Originator: Cheryl J. Hapke Originator: Nicholas J. Spore Originator: Katherine L. Brodie Originator: Jesse E. McNinch Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Ground-based lidar beach topography of Fire Island, New York, April 2013 Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 921 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds921 Description: Abstract: The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center in Florida and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Field Research Facility in Duck, North Carolina, collaborated to gather alongshore ground-based lidar beach elevation data at Fire Island, New York. This high-resolution elevation dataset was collected on April 10, 2013, to characterize beach topography following substantial erosion that occurred during Hurricane Sandy, which made landfall on October 29, 2012, and multiple, strong winter storms. The ongoing beach monitoring is part of the Hurricane Sandy Supplemental Project GS2-2B. This USGS data series includes the resulting processed elevation point data (xyz) and an interpolated digital elevation model (DEM). Purpose: To collect, process, and disseminate beach topography along 30 km of Fire Island, NY beach, from the western boundary of Fire Island National Seashore to the Wilderness Breach. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20130410 Currentness_Reference: ground elevation Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.228693 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.898031 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.7288894 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.622037 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:8a90194a-456b-43ee-902a-b6bb4170995a Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Theme_Keyword: elevation data Theme_Keyword: topography Theme_Keyword: ground-based lidar Theme_Keyword: CLARIS Theme_Keyword: Coastal Lidar and Radar Imaging System Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: Hurricane Sandy Supplemental: Fire Island Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Science Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BARRIER ISLANDS Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BEACHES Theme_Keyword: DOI/USGS/CMG > COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: distributions Theme_Keyword: bathymetry and elevation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) Keywords Theme_Keyword: altimetry Theme_Keyword: topographic mapping Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: LIDAR Theme_Keyword: topography Theme_Keyword: digital elevation models Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Place_Keyword: Fire Island Place_Keyword: Fire Island National Seashore Place_Keyword: Long Island Place_Keyword: New York Place_Keyword: United States Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Temporal_Keyword: 2013 Temporal_Keyword: Hurricane Sandy Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as the originator of these data in future products or derivative research. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Cheryl J. Hapke Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701-4846 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8068 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8001 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: chapke@usgs.gov Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Areas of data overlap were initially compared against each other to measure repeatability. Depending on GPS quality and distance from the base station, the accuracy of the scans varied from 5 to 15 cm. The fixed structures (i.e. houses, rooflines, decks) were used to measure repeatability and the base station benchmark was used to measure accuracy. Previous airborne lidar from a 2011-2012 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) survey was also used as an alternative fixed structure comparison. Repeatability: 5-15 cm Accuracy: 5-10 cm Logical_Consistency_Report: Lidar beach morphology data were collected by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' (USACE) Coastal Lidar and Radar Imaging System (CLARIS) vehicle on April 10, 2013. The survey vehicle traveled approximately 5 kilometers per hour (km/h) along two 30 km shore parallel transits. The seaward side of the dune and the upper beach were surveyed during the first transit, and the area from near the shoreline and the lower beach were surveyed during the second transit. The survey was designed to provide an area of extensive overlap used to verify system accuracy and assess survey precision Completeness_Report: complete Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 10 cm Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 10 cm Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Data for the survey extents was collected along with a bore-sight to resolve subtle differences between the scanner and the inertial measurement unit (IMU). After collection, the data were post-processed with multiple software packages to produce the final digital elevation model product. Process_Date: 2013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Contact_Person: Nick Spore Contact_Position: Research Civil Engineer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility Address: 1261 Duck Road City: Kitty Hawk State_or_Province: NC Postal_Code: 27949 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 252-261-6840 ext: 231 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 252-261-4432 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil Contact_Instructions: http://www.frf.usace.army.mil Process_Step: Process_Description: Terrestrial GPS data are post-processed with National Geodetic Survey's (NGS) continuously operating reference stations (CORS) and integrated with post-processed IMU and DMI data within Applanix's PosPac software to derive a smoothed best estimate of vehicle trajectory (SBET). After processing, quantitative quality-metrics were analyzed to ensure the trajectory accuracy met the manufacturer's specified values. Process_Date: 2013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Contact_Person: Nick Spore Contact_Position: Research Civil Engineer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility Address: 1261 Duck Road City: Kitty Hawk State_or_Province: NC Postal_Code: 27949 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 252-261-6840 ext: 231 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 252-261-4432 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil Contact_Instructions: http://www.frf.usace.army.mil Process_Step: Process_Description: The SBET and bore-sight measurements are imported into Riegl's RiProcess lidar software where the lidar point cloud is geo-rectified. Control monuments and previously validated data are used for comparison to determine the accuracy of the survey. The processed point cloud is manipulated within RiProcess to delineate the shoreline, filter structures and vegetation, and classify points as water, vegetation, structures, and ground. The classified point cloud is exported as a .las file. Process_Date: 2013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Contact_Person: Nick Spore Contact_Position: Research Civil Engineer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility Address: 1261 Duck Road City: Kitty Hawk State_or_Province: NC Postal_Code: 27949 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 252-261-6840 ext: 231 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 252-261-4432 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil Contact_Instructions: http://www.frf.usace.army.mil Process_Step: Process_Description: The .las file is imported into Applied Imagery's Quick Terrain Modeler software in which a mean-z (elevation) algorithm and an anti-aliasing filter are applied to the point-cloud data to grid the data at a 0.5 meter (m) resolution. After gridding is completed, the DEM (surface) is inspected for any remaining noise, such as spikes and wells, which are removed prior to final export as an American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) .xyz file. Any grid cells with no data were assigned a value of "null". Process_Date: 2013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Contact_Person: Nick Spore Contact_Position: Research Civil Engineer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility Address: 1261 Duck Road City: Kitty Hawk State_or_Province: NC Postal_Code: 27949 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 252-261-6840 ext: 231 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 252-261-4432 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil Contact_Instructions: http://www.frf.usace.army.mil Process_Step: Process_Description: Within Esri’s ArcCatalog, the ASCII xyz file was converted to an ArcGIS multipoint feature using the ASCII 3D To Feature Class tool and was projected from North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83) State Plane New York Long Island (meters) to NAD 83, Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 18N (meters). The point data were converted back to ASCII xyz format for publication using the Feature Class Z to ASCII tool. Process_Date: 2013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Owen Brenner Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701-4846 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8085 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8001 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: obrenner@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The uncertainty for the interpolated DEM was determined using a methodology established by Lentz and Hapke (2011) and Lentz and others (2013) by withholding a random distribution of 10 percent of the point data from the gridding process (Create Terrain and Build Terrain tools in ArcGIS), comparing the elevations of the withheld points to the gridded surface, and calculating a root mean square error (RMSE) on the basis of the elevation differences. The resulting RMSE uncertainty of the interpolated surface was determined to be ±0.026 m. The Terrain to Raster tool in ArcGIS was then used to export the surface raster with 1-m cell size for publication. Process_Date: 2013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Owen Brenner Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: U.S. Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8085 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8001 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: obrenner@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Keywords section of metadata optimized for discovery in USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Data Catalog. Process_Date: 20170124 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: point Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Row_Count: 11,257 Column_Count: 27,713 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 18 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: .999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000 Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.0001 cm Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 20130410_CLARIS_DEM.tif Entity_Type_Definition: Elevation DEM Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Elevation DEM raster created with 1m cell size. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Beach topography DEM for Fire Island, NY from ground-based lidar survey on April 10, 2013. DEM raster was interpolated from ArcGIS terrain file using linear interpolation and 1-meter cell size. XY location data is projected in NAD83 UTM zone 18N and corresponding vertical value is in NAVD88. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL Contact_Person: Cheryl J. Hapke Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8068 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8001 Resource_Description: U.S. Geological Survey DS 921 Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF and Esri World File Format_Version_Number: 9.20 Format_Specification: TIFF elevation raster Format_Information_Content: 7-zip file containing .tif DEM and .twf File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip or 7-Zip Transfer_Size: 82 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0921/downloads/FI_CLARIS2013_dem.zip Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20210922 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Owen Brenner Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: U.S. Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8085 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8001 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: obrenner@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998