Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Paul R. Nelson Originator: Christopher G. Smith Publication_Date: 20180525 Title: GrandBay_2010_Shoreline.shp - Grand Bay, Mississippi/Alabama, Shoreline Data Derived from 2010 Aerial Imagery Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F7VT1R8Q Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7VT1R8Q Description: Abstract: GrandBay_2010_Shoreline.zip features a digitized historical shoreline for the Grand Bay, Mississippi (MS) coastline (Pascagoula, MS to Point aux Pins, Alabama [AL]) derived from 2010 aerial imagery. Imagery of the Mississippi and Alabama coastlines was acquired from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) and the city of Mobile, AL. Using ArcMap 10.3.1, the imagery was used to delineate and digitize the historical shoreline as either the Wet Dry Line (WDL) along sandy beaches or the vegetation edge along the marsh coastline at a scale of 1:1000. This shoreline was digitized for use in long-term shoreline and wetland analyses and physical change assessment. Purpose: Shoreline data are considered a crucial element in performing change analyses for erosion and accretion studies for tracking shoreline movement over time. Aerial imagery was used to digitize a set of polylines (feature) that reflect the Grand Bay shoreline position for the year 2010. The digitized feature captures the shape of the shoreline and provides an accurate and measurable position that can be used for various assessments. When this shoreline is combined with other historical shorelines from the area digitized in a similar manner, quantitative rates of change of shoreline position can be determined. Therefore these data can aid in developing an understanding of the temporal and spatial evolution of the coastline. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20100330 Ending_Date: 20100524 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.4961 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.3027 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.4263 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.3183 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:8ca3c9bd-c2da-47c8-affe-28f205bbc95f Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: boundaries Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: geomorphology Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: unconsolidated deposits Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: digitization Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: shoreline data Theme_Keyword: shoreline map Theme_Keyword: Wet Dry Line Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System Place_Keyword: Grand Bay Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: United States of America Place_Keyword: Alabama Place_Keyword: Mississippi Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of the data in future products or derivative research. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8035 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1 (Build 4959) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: F.J. Anders Originator: M.R. Byrnes Publication_Date: 1991 Title: Accuracy of shoreline change rates as determined from maps and aerial photographs Series_Information: Series_Name: Shore and Beach Issue_Identification: 59(1):17-26 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: M. Crowell Originator: S.P. Leatherman Originator: M.K. Buckley Publication_Date: 1991 Title: Historical shoreline change: error analysis and mapping accuracy. Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Coastal Research Issue_Identification: 7(3):839-852 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: R.A. Morton Originator: T.L. Miller Originator: L.J. Moore Publication_Date: 2004 Title: National assessment of shoreline change: Part 1: Historical shoreline changes and associated coastal land loss along the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2004-1043 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg Coastal & Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20041043 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Logical_Consistency_Report: Digitized shorelines were checked to ensure they were one continuous line and were checked for dangles (or extra line segments), which were removed, when necessary. Larger estuarine channels were digitized, as needed, to ensure a complete shoreline for subsequent use within shoreline change analysis programs. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the dataset has not been conducted. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Scott Kearney - City of Mobile, AL Publication_Date: Unpublished material Title: Orthophotography Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Other_Citation_Details: 2010 planimetric data can be ordered, in DVD format, from the City of Mobile Geographic Information Systems Department. Contact details are available at, http://maps.cityofmobile.org/GIS/gisdata.aspx. Source_Scale_Denominator: 12000 Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20100330 Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: AL_Orthophoto_2010 Source_Contribution: Imagery was used to delineate and digitize shoreline positions. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USDA/FSA - Aerial Photography Field Office Publication_Date: 2010 Title: USDA-FSA-APFO NAIP MrSID Mosaic Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Photos Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Salt Lake City, UT Publisher: USDA-FSA-APFO Source_Scale_Denominator: 12000 Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20100524 Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: MS_Orthophoto_2010 Source_Contribution: Imagery was used to delineate and digitize shoreline positions. Process_Step: Process_Description: Imagery was acquired from multiple agencies as direct download or as hard copy. All data were provided orthorectified to provide the highest accuracy. Imagery was brought in ArcGIS 10.3.1 for overlay and further mapping. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: AL_Orthophoto_2010 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: MS_Orthophoto_2010 Process_Date: 20171119 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: GrandBay_2010_Shoreline.shp Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8035 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Using ArcMap 10.3.1, aerial images were visually assessed for shoreline features at a reference scale of 1:1000. Shoreline features used, that is the shoreline mapped, were the Wet Dry Line (WDL) along sandy beaches or marsh-wetland edge along vegetated shorelines. The digitization was implemented using the ArcMap 10.3.1 Editor Toolbar part of the Esri ArcGIS software suite. Typology errors (a form of quality control for vector data) were assessed after the full shoreline was digitized using a cluster tolerance of 0.001 and typological rules to identify OVERLAPS, INTERSECTS, DANGLES, SELF-INTERSECTS, and SELF-OVERLAPS. All such features (except the start and end points at the most western and eastern extents of the area) were removed or corrected to ensure a single continuous feature. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: AL_Orthophoto_2010 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: MS_Orthophoto_2010 Process_Date: 20171119 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: GrandBay_2010_Shoreline.shp Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8035 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 898 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 16 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -87.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.6096 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.6096 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North_American_Datum_1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS_1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Grandbay_2010_Shoreline Entity_Type_Definition: Esri polyline shapefile of shoreline features (WDL or vegetated edge) delineated from 2010 aerial imagery. A table containing attribute information associated with this dataset is included in GrandBay_2010_Shoreline.zip and described below. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: DigScale Attribute_Definition: Reference scale used in ArcGIS 10.3.1 to identify and digitize the shoreline from aerial images. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1:1000 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Ratio of image viewed in ArcGIS 10.3.1 relative to real world conditions. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: VecLength Attribute_Definition: Linear distance, in meters, of the digital feature (line) representing the shoreline. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0240351824446 Range_Domain_Maximum: 108319.648526 Attribute: Attribute_Label: dImageDate Attribute_Definition: Date of image collection provided to USGS staff by the data source (see Source_Information of the Lineage section for additional details), stored in date format (M/DD/YYYY). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 3/30/2010 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Date of image collection provided by the City of Mobile (Alabama) GIS Department. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 5/24/2010 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Date of image collection provided with the USDA NAIP image mosaic. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: sImageDate Attribute_Definition: Date of image collection provided by NAIP stored in string format ('MM/DD/YYYY hh:mm:ss AM/PM'). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 03/30/2010 12:00:00 AM Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Date of image collection provided by City of Mobile (Alabama) GIS Department. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 05/24/2010 12:00:00 AM Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Date of image collection provided for USDA NAIP image mosaic. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: ShoreType Attribute_Definition: Character string used to denote the shoreline type that was present as the shoreline was digitized. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Marsh Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Term used to denote when the shoreline was manually identified as marsh or vegetated edge/boundary. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sand Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Term used to denote when the shoreline was identified as sandy shoreline. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: DigFeat Attribute_Definition: Term used denoting digitized-shoreline feature given the reference scale. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Veg Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Term used denoting that a vegetated-edge was digitized as the shoreline. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: WDL Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Term used denoting that the Wet Dry Line (WDL) on a sloping surface was digitized as the shoreline. There is no available information about beach slope. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: ImageRes Attribute_Definition: Horizontal image resolution, in meters, provided by the NAIP. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.5 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: ImagUnc Attribute_Definition: Horizontal uncertainty, in meters, of orthorectified image provided by the NAIP or City of Mobile. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.2192 Range_Domain_Maximum: 6 Attribute: Attribute_Label: ShoreUnc Attribute_Definition: Horizontal uncertainty, in meters, of digitized shoreline feature based on image resolution and horizontal uncertainty. It was computed as the square root of the sum of squares of the image resolution, image uncertainty, and the maximum digitization error of 1 meter reported by other studies (Anders & Byrnes, 1991; Crowell and Leatherman, 1991; Morton and others, 2004). The no data value, -999, reflects areas where the WDL was digitized and uncertainty in shoreline position cannot be computed in this manner, confidently, due to the lack of beach slope information. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -999 Range_Domain_Maximum: 6.08276253 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8035 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Resource_Description: GrandBay_2010_Shoreline.shp Distribution_Liability: This digital publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: SHP (Esri Shapefile) Format_Information_Content: The download file (.zip format) included in this data release contains a shapefile of an aerial-imagery derived shoreline from 2010 for Grand Bay, Mississippi and Alabama. File_Decompression_Technique: Unzip Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7VT1R8Q/data/GrandBay_2010_Shoreline.zip Fees: None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the dataset. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201013 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8035 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time