Water level data for four sites in the coastal marsh at Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Mississippi, from October 2018 through January 2020

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Water level data for four sites in the coastal marsh at Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Mississippi, from October 2018 through January 2020
Abstract:
To better understand sediment deposition in marsh environments, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS-SPCMSC) selected four study sites (Sites 5, 6, 7, and 8) along the Point Aux Chenes Bay shoreline of the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve (GNDNERR), Mississippi. These datasets were collected to serve as baseline data prior to the installation of a living shoreline (a subtidal sill). Each site consisted of five plots located along a transect perpendicular to the marsh-estuary shoreline at 5-meter (m) increments (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 m from the shoreline). Each plot contained six net sedimentation tiles (NST) that were secured flush to the marsh surface using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe. NST are an inexpensive and simple tool to assess short- and long-term deposition that can be deployed in highly dynamic environments without the compaction associated with traditional coring methods. The NST were deployed for three month sampling periods, measuring sediment deposition from July 2018 to January 2020, with one set of NST being deployed for six months. Sediment deposited on the NST were processed to determine physical characteristics, such as deposition thickness, volume, wet weight/dry weight, grain size, and organic content (loss-on-ignition [LOI]). For select sampling periods, ancillary data (water level, elevation, and wave data) are also provided in this data release. Data were collected during USGS Field Activities Numbers (FAN) 2018-332-FA (18CCT01), 2018-358-FA (18CCT10), 2019-303-FA (19CCT01, 19CCT02, 19CCT03, and 19CCT04, respectively), and 2020-301-FA (20CCT01). Additional survey and data details are available from the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/. Data collected between 2016 and 2017 from a related NST study in the GNDNERR (Middle Bay and North Rigolets) can be found at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BFR2US. Please read the full metadata for details on data collection, dataset variables, and data quality.
Supplemental_Information:
USGS scientists collected sediment samples and shore profiles from Grand Bay, Mississippi, during a total of six surveys. Each field visit was assigned a FAN and sub-FAN by (USGS staff. This publication contains data for field activities from: 2019-303-FA (19CCT01, October 2018-February 2019; 19CCT02, February 2019-May 2019, 19CCT03, May 2019-August 2019; 19CCT04, August 2019-November 2019), and 2020-301-FA (20CCT01, November 2019-January 2020). Water level data from 19CCT02 (Sites 5 and 8) were determined to have affected by sensor drift (a gradual degradation of the sensor and its components that resulted in reading offsets when compared to the factory-calibrated state). To correct the drift, the data were split into two date ranges and corrected accordingly. The 19CCT04 Site 7 elevations were corrected by 0.14 m to account for field measurement error (data were not collected prior to moving well). In addition to the comma-separated values (CSV) text file format, water level data are also provided as Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) graphs.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Smith, Kathryn E.L., and Terrano, Joseph F., 20200713, Water level data for four sites in the coastal marsh at Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Mississippi, from October 2018 through January 2020: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/P9ONI8PS.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Smith, Kathryn E.L., Terrano, Joseph F., Pitchford, Jonathan, Brochard, Michael, Vargas, Joseph M., Atchia, Isabelle D., Everhart, Cheyenne S., and Smith, Christopher G., 20200713, Shore proximal marsh sediment deposition and ancillary data from Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Mississippi, from July 2018 to January 2020: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/P9ONI8PS, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.449757
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.396209
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.429843
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.335728
  3. What does it look like?
    19CCT01_Site_5_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT01 Site 5 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT01_Site_6_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT01 Site 6 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT01_Site_7_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT01 Site 7 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT01_Site_8_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT01 Site 8 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT02_Site_5_Water_Level_Feb_April.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT02 Site 5 (February-April) as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT02_Site_5_Water_Level_Corrected_April_May.html (HTML)
    Line graph of sensor drift corrected water levels for 19CCT02 Site 5 (April-May) as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT02_Site_6_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT02 Site 6 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT02_Site_7_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT02 Site 7 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT02_Site_8_Water_Level_Corrected_Feb_April.html (HTML)
    Line graph of sensor drift corrected water levels for 19CCT02 Site 8 (February-April) as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT02_Site_8_Water_Level_Corrected_April_May.html (HTML)
    Line graph of sensor drift corrected water levels for 19CCT02 Site 8 (April-May) as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT03_Site_5_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT03 Site 5 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT03_Site_6_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT03 Site 6 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT03_Site_7_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT03 Site 7 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT03_Site_8_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT03 Site 8 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT04_Site_5_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT04 Site 5 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT04_Site_6_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT04 Site 6 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    19CCT04_Site_7_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 19CCT04 Site 7 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    20CCT01_Site_5_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 20CCT01 Site 5 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    20CCT01_Site_6_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 20CCT01 Site 6 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
    20CCT01_Site_7_Water_Level.html (HTML)
    Line graph of water levels for 20CCT01 Site 7 as a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 23-Oct-2018
    Beginning_Time: 2030
    Ending_Date: 28-Jan-2020
    Ending_Time: 1530
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Tabular digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Grand_Bay_Water_Level_Data.zip
    Water level logger data from October 2018 to January 2020 from net sedimentation tile sites located in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Mississippi. Data files are named using abbreviated FAN (e.g. 19CCT01). In some cases, the file name includes "corr_drift" if sensor drift was fixed in addition to normal water level corrections. These files include both uncorrected and corrected water level data. (Source: USGS)
    datetime
    Date in the M/D/YYYY, MM/D/YYYY, M/DD/YYYY, or MM/DD/YYYY format and Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) in the H:MM or HH:MM format. Data were collected in 30-minute intervals. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:10/23/2018 20:30
    Maximum:01/28/2020 15:30
    wl.#
    Uncorrected water level data collected by the water level logger for each of the four sites. Field names are in the "wl.#" format with # denoting which site the data are from (5, 6, 7, or 8). (Source: USGS) Uncorrected water level values collected by the water level logger in meters (m) for each of the trips and sites.
    temp.#
    Temperature collected by the water level logger for each of the four sites. Field names are in the "temp.#" format with # denoting which site the data are from (5, 6, 7, or 8). (Source: USGS) Temperature collected by the water level logger, in Celsius (C), for each of the trips and sites.
    cond.#
    Conductivity collected by the water level logger for each of the four sites. Field names are in the "cond.#" format with # denoting which site the data are from (5, 6, 7, or 8). (Source: USGS) Conductivity collected by the water level logger, in microSiemens per centimeter (µS/cm).
    wl#_navd88
    Corrected water level data (based on sensor depth and elevations converted to NAVD88) for each of the four sites. Field names are in the "wl#_navd88" format with # denoting which site the data are from (5, 6, 7, or 8). (Source: USGS) Corrected water level data, in meters (m)
    wl#_navd88_corr_drift
    Corrected and detrended (to account for sensor drift) water level data for each of the four sites. Field names are in the "wl#_navd88_corr_drift" format with # denoting which site the data are from (5, 6, 7, or 8). (Source: USGS) Corrected water level data, in meters (m)
    Baro (mBar)
    Barometric data, in millibars (mbar), collected by the In-Situ Rugged BaroTroll. This field is only in 20CCT01_waterlevel_corr.csv. (Source: USGS) Barometric pressure, in millibar (mbar)
    Air_temp (C)
    Air temperature, in Celsius (C), collected by the In-Situ Rugged BaroTroll. This field is only in 20CCT01_waterlevel_corr.csv. (Source: USGS) Air temperature, in Celsius (C)

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Kathryn E.L. Smith
    • Joseph F. Terrano
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies in data collection methods. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: Joseph F. Terrano
    Researcher III
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    US

    (727) 502-8047 (voice)
    jterrano@contractor.usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

TThis dataset, Grand_Bay_Water_Level_Data.zip, includes water level measurements obtained, during USGS Field Activity Numbers (FAN) 19CCT01-20CCT01, from Solinst LTC Leveloggers (to measure water level, temperature and conductivity) or In-Situ Rugged Troll 100 data loggers (to measure water level) located at net sedimentation tile (NST) sites. One logger was deployed at each site. The data are used to calibrate against tide gages to help facilitate a better understanding of tidal range, hydrodynamic fluctuations, and marsh flooding.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2018 (process 1 of 4)
    Four Solinst LTC Levelogger Edge (Model 3001) M10 or M20 sensors were used to record water levels, conductivity and temperature at Sites 5–8. Before deployment, each sensor was programmed to record at a continuous 30-minute interval over the course of the 3-month deployment. In October 2018, 1.5-m long wells were installed at each of the four study sites so approximately 0.5 m of the wells were sticking out of the marsh or estuary surface. At the start of each trip the loggers were wrapped in a protective coating (plastic wrap, nylon stockings, and tape) and tied onto the well cap. Measurements of the string and logger length were collected for post-processing of the data. The logger was slowly lowered into the well and the well cap was secured. GPS position and elevation data were collected (using a real time kinematic global positioning system) on the top of the well cap and at the marsh surface next to the well. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: Joseph F. Terrano
    Researcher III
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    U.S.

    (727) 502-8047 (voice)
    jterrano@contractor.usgs.gov
    Date: 2020 (process 2 of 4)
    After the initial deployment in October 2018, the water level loggers were collected and redeployed quarterly along with sediment plate deployments (February 2019, May 2019, August 2019, and November 2019). Each collection consisted of gently removing the logger from the well and noting if there was sediment in the well. If there was sediment in the well, it was cleaned and moved to a new location, a new water level logger was then placed inside the well. Measurements at the new location were collected for the string and logger as well as GPS coordinates and elevation. In August 2019, the Site 8 well was removed due to a crack in the well casing. In November 2019 (FAN 20CCT01), the three remaining Solinst LTC loggers were swapped out for In-Situ Rugged Troll 100 loggers. Inspection of the wells located at Sites 5 and 6 revealed that both were full of sediment; consequently, they were removed, cleaned, and redeployed. Additionally, in November 2019, an In-situ Rugged BaroTroll was deployed at the GNDNERR to collect barometric readings, since the In-Situ Rugged Troll 100 loggers only recorded water level data. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: Joseph F. Terrano
    Researcher III
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    U.S.

    (727) 502-8047 (voice)
    jterrano@contractor.usgs.gov
    Date: 2020 (process 3 of 4)
    Water level, temperature, and conductivity data were downloaded from the Solinst loggers as raw uncorrected data. Temperature and barometric pressure from two local meteorological stations were obtained from the National Estuarine Research Reserve System Centralized Data Management Office for use with the 18CCT10-19CCT04 data. The In-Situ loggers used in the 20CCT01 data file does not include conductivity as the logger only collects water pressure and temperature. The barometric pressure was obtained from the Rugged BaroTroll logger deployed during the same time frame. The raw water pressure, temperature, and meteorological data were run through an R Studio code to convert the date into Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), corrected the water level based on the sensor depth, converted the elevation data into the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88), and clipped the data to a specified date range. Barometric pressure was used to correct level logger pressure data. For the Solinst loggers, the barometric data were generated from the NOAA meterological stations, whereas the In-Situ loggers had barometric corrections (barometric data collected by the BaroTroll logger) automatically completed within the In-Situ software. Data were then adjusted using elevation information and compared to NOAA tide and currents station 8740166 and/or 8739803. Elevation adjustment values include: 19CCT01 (Site 5 (-1.02 m), Site 6 (-0.92 m), Site 7 (-1.09 m), and Site 8 (-1.09 m)), 19CCT02 (Site 5 (-1.06 m), Site 6 (-0.82 m), Site 7 (-0.92 m), and Site 8 (-0.92 m)), 19CCT03 (Site 5 (-1.09 m), Site 6 (-1.02 m), Site 7 (-0.87 m), and Site 8 (-1.02 m)), 19CCT04 (Site 5 (-0.96 m), Site 6 (-0.93 m), and Site 7 (-0.92 m)), and 20CCT01 (Site 5 (-0.86 m), Site 6 (-0.61 m), and Site 7 (-0.82 m)). The final data output format was a CSV file. The final 19CCT04 Site 7 elevations were corrected by 0.14 m to account for field measurement error (data were not collected prior to moving well). The 19CCT02 Site 5 and 8 raw logger data showed sensor drift and were corrected and published as both corrected and uncorrected data. To ensure consistency with USGS publication standards, uncorrected data (raw water level or conductivity data that could not be corrected through sensor level or detrending adjustments) were also included in this publication. Both conductivity and water level data should be checked before use. For additional information about data corrections and detrending, please contact the authors. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: Kathryn Smith
    Research Ecologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    U.S.

    (727) 502-8073 (voice)
    kelsmith@usgs.gov
    Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 4 of 4)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    National Estuarine Research Reserve Centralized Data Management Office, 2020, National Estuarine Research Reserve Meteorological data: Belle W. Baruch Institute for Marine and Coastal Sciences, Columbia, SC.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Provides data on barometric pressure for water level corrections.
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), 2020, NOAA Tides and Currents: NOAA Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services, Silver Spring, MD.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Provides coastal tidal and current data
    Smith, Kathryn E.L., Terrano, Joseph F., Khan, Nicole S., and Stalk, Chelsea A., 2020, Shore Proximal Sediment Deposition, Elevation, Turbidity, and Water Level Data for Four Sites in the Coastal Marsh at Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Mississippi, From October 2016 Through October 2017: U.S. Geological Survey, St.Petersburg, Florida.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Contains data from a related NST study in North Rigolets and Middle Bay areas of the GNDNERR.

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    The water level, conductivity, and temperature values, reported in the CSV files were analyzed at the USGS-SPCMSC sedimentology lab. Water level data in this data release may not match other published water level data due to differences with sensor placement. In some cases, water level and conductivity readings appear to differ significantly from NOAA water level readings, likely due to sensor drift, sediment build-up in the well, or some other malfunction. Readings that demonstrate possible errors were included in this data release and should be used with caution.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    These are complete, uncorrected and corrected water level data files for data collected within the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Mississippi. Each trip should include water level data from four sites (Site 5, 6, 7, and 8). If data are not present, there was a sensor failure or data were not collected. Sites with sensor drift or inaccuracies were corrected and published. All data should be checked for accuracy before use.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    This dataset includes water level, conductivity, and temperature data from the following trips and sites: 19CCT01, 19CCT02, 19CCT03, 19CCT04, and 20CCT01. Data not included in the list above were either determined to be inaccurate or there was a sensor failure. The 19CCT02 Site 5 and 8 data were corrected for sensor drift and should be used with caution. The 19CCT04 Site 7 elevations were corrected by 0.14 m to account for field measurement error (data were not collected prior to moving well). The 20CCT01 data file does not include conductivity as the In-Situ Rugged Troll 100 loggers only collect water pressure and temperature. Barometric pressure and air temperature were not collected by the Solinst loggers and were needed for post processing of water level data. Barometric pressure and air temperature were obtained from local National Estuarine Research Reserve System Centralized Data Management Office atmospheric stations and are not published in these files. During 20CCT01, barometric pressure and air temperature were collected using an In-Situ Rugged BaroTroll and are included in the 20CCT01 data file.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. This metadata record should be reviewed in its entirety.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: Kathryn Smith
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    U.S.

    727-502-8073 (voice)
    kelsmith@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Grand_Bay_Water_Level_Data.zip
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product name is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. Is there some other way to get the data?
    None

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 13-Oct-2020
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Attn: Joseph F. Terrano
Researcher III
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
U.S.

(727) 502-8047 (voice)
jterrano@contractor.usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/Grand_Bay_Water_Level_Metadata_2018_2020.faq.html>
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