Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cheyenne S. Everhart Originator: Elsie C. McBride Originator: Nicholas J. Zaremba Originator: Paul R. Nelson Originator: Terrence A. McCloskey Originator: Christopher G. Smith Originator: Madison K. Flint Publication_Date: 20180312 Title: Radon-222 and Water Column Data Related to Submarine Groundwater Discharge Along the Western Margin of Indian River Lagoon, Florida—September 2016 to July 2017 (ver. 2.0, March 2018) Edition: 2.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F7QF8S05 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QF8S05 Description: Abstract: Indian River Lagoon (IRL) is one of the most biologically diverse estuarine systems in the continental United States, stretching 200 kilometers (km) along the Atlantic coast of central Florida. The width of the lagoon varies between 0.5-9.0 km and is characterized by shallow, brackish waters with significant human development along both shores. Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, working in collaboration with the St. Johns River Water Management District, mapped surface water radon-222 (radon in water) and basic physical water column properties (for example, salinity and temperature) to investigate submarine groundwater discharge at two locations, Eau Gallie North and Riverwalk Park, along the western shore of IRL. Eau Gallie North is near the central section of IRL. Riverwalk Park is approximately 20 km north of Eau Gallie site. At each study site, the radon mapping surveys were performed over seven north–south shore parallel transects (EA–EG and RA–RG, respectively), situated between 75–1000 meters offshore, and approximately 1.5 km in length. Each transect was mapped three times in an alternating north–south direction. Surface water was continuously pumped on-board into an air-water exchanger; dissolved radon-222 was purged from the water into a gaseous phase inside the exchanger. Radon-222 in the exchanger was continuously pumped into and measured by commercially available radon-in-air detectors (RAD7, Durridge, Inc.). In situ surface water temperature and salinity, as well as the water temperature in the exchanger, were also measured. Radon in air measurements were corrected to radon in water activities using the temperature-salinity dependent air-water partitioning coefficient (Schubert and others, 2012). Starting in September 2016, surveys were conducted bimonthly along the same transects to determine seasonal and temporal variability of radon-222. This data release contains the raw radon-222 data, physical water column data, Esri GIS data files and data distribution maps of the radon-222 activity and surface water salinity collected from September 2016 through July 2017. Purpose: Dissemination of radon-222, physical water column parameters, and global positioning system (GPS) data collected from Indian River Lagoon, FL from September 2016 to July 2017 (USGS Field Activity Numbers [FAN] 2016-349-FA, 2016-362-FA, 2017-306-FA, 2017-313-FA, 2017-328-FA, 2017-334-FA). Supplemental_Information: The study used two mapping units, USGS 1 and USGS 2. USGS 1 consisted of three RAD7 units (2265, 2528, 2531), one RAD AQUA, and a HOBO temperature probe (7730). USGS 2 consisted of three RAD7 units (1186, 1533, 1534), one RAD AQUA, and a HOBO temperature probe (7728). Any changes to the mapping system setup, which occurred during data collection, are noted in 'IRL_Survey_Equipment.pdf.' Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20160907 Ending_Date: 20170801 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.6881431 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.588889 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 28.28039242 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 28.10511298 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:37cf9292-948b-47d4-8f57-1b3a83eb04d9 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: location Theme_Keyword: environment Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: groundwater Theme_Keyword: hydrology Theme_Keyword: geochemistry Theme_Keyword: salinity Theme_Keyword: water temperature Theme_Keyword: estuarine ecosystems Theme_Keyword: radon Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: coastal lagoons Theme_Keyword: estuary Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: submarine aquifer Theme_Keyword: submarine groundwater discharge Theme_Keyword: radon-222 Theme_Keyword: radon-222 mapping Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Florida Place_Keyword: Indian River Lagoon Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword: September 2016 Temporal_Keyword: November 2016 Temporal_Keyword: January 2017 Temporal_Keyword: March 2017 Temporal_Keyword: May 2017 Temporal_Keyword: July 2017 Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of the data in future products or derivative research. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1 (Build 4959) ; Microsoft Excel 2016 Version 15.22 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: DURRDIGE Company Inc. Publication_Date: 2017 Title: RAD7 Radon Detector User Manual Online_Linkage: https://durridge.com/documentation/RAD7%20Manual.pdf Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: DURRIDGE Company Inc. Publication_Date: 2015 Title: RAD AQUA Continuous Radon-in-Water Accessory for the RAD7 User Manual Online_Linkage: https://durridge.com/documentation/RAD%20AQUA%20Manual.pdf Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Dulaiova, H., Peterson, R., Burnett, W.C., and Lane-Smith, D. Publication_Date: 2005 Title: A Multi-detector Continuous Monitor for Assessment of Rn-222 in the Coastal Ocean Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Issue_Identification: Volume 263, No. 2 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 361-365 Online_Linkage: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/GG/FACULTY/hdulaiov/pubs/Dul_JRNC263.pdf Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Burnett, W.C., Kim, G., and Lane-Smith, D. Publication_Date: 2001 Title: A Continuous Monitor for Assessment of Rn-222 in the Coastal Ocean Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Issue_Identification: Volume 249, No. 1 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 167-172 Online_Linkage: https://durridge.com/research_papers/ContinuousMonitorForAssessmentOf222RnInCoastalOcean.pdf Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Schubert, M., Paschke, A., Lieberman, E., and Burnett, W.C. Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Air-Water Partitioning of Rn-222 and its Dependence on Water Temperature and Salinity Series_Information: Series_Name: Environmental Science and Technology Issue_Identification: Volume 46, Issue 7 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 3905-3911 Online_Linkage: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es204680n Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reich, C.D. Publication_Date: 2010 Title: Investigation of Submarine Groundwater Discharge Along the Tidal Reach of the Caloosahatchee River, Southwest Florida Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2009-1273 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 1-20 Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1273/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Smith, C.G. and Robbins, L.L. Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Surface-water Radon-222 Distribution along the West-Central Florida Shelf Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2012-1212 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 1-26 Online_Linkage: https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20121212 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Stieglitz, T.C., Cook, P.G., and Burnett, W.C. Publication_Date: 2010 Title: Inferring Coastal Processes from Regional-scale Mapping of 222Radon and Salinity: Examples from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia Series_Information: Series_Name: Jounral of Environmental Radioactivity Issue_Identification: Volume 101 Other_Citation_Details: 544-552 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2009.11.012 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Hosono, T., Ono, M., Burnett, W.C., Tokunaga, T., Taniguchi, M., and Akimichi, T. Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Spatial Distribution of Submarine Groundwater Discharge and Associated Nutrients within a Local Coastal Area Series_Information: Series_Name: Environmental Science and Technology Issue_Identification: Volume 46 Other_Citation_Details: 5319-5326 Online_Linkage: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es2043867 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The positional accuracy of the track lines was determined by the boat-mounted Garmin echoMAP 50s GPS receiver. The positional accuracy for the Garmin GPS ranges from better than 3 m to 10 m as outlined by the manufacture when using WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) coverage. Mapping system USGS 1 generally consisted of RAD7 units 2265, 2528, and 2531, with units 2976 and 4217 substituted for unit 2531 during the March 2017 and May 2017 surveys respectively. Mapping system USGS 2 consisted of RAD7 units 1186, 1533, and 1534 for all surveys. All RAD7 detector units received the recommended annual calibration by Durridge. Durridge achieves a reproducibility of better than 2% with their standard RAD7 calibration and with the overall calibration accuracy in the range of 5%. A relative humidity of 10% or below was kept to maintain the high sensitivity of the instrument during radon mapping; this was sustained by placing a drying column of Drierite desiccant in the air path of the mapping system. Per the manufacturer’s description of factors influencing the response time of the RAD7 with RAD Aqua system to changes in radon-222 concentration in water, a radon-222 data set using a 21-minute offset is provided. The 21-minute offset for this system is based on influencing factors described in the manufacture’s manual, radioactive theory, and USGS laboratory experiments (data available upon request). The laboratory experiments involved manipulation of the system air volume and flow rate of water into the RAD Aqua to assess the impact to response time. Similar radon-222 mapping studies acknowledge a 10 to 20-minute delay in response time of the three RAD7s and one RAD Aqua system but have chosen to use a 10 minute time shift for their radon-222 data due to the high water flow rates in their system setups (Hosono and others, 2012; Stieglitz and others, 2010). While these studies’ response times were closer to 10-minutes, USGS laboratory experiments suggested that 21 minutes better characterized the response time for the mapping system used in this IRL study. Radon-222 data with a 3.5-minute offset (midpoint of the 7-minute count cycle) are provided as well. The 3.5-minute offset data have not been adjusted for a system lag but provide the most accurate data with respect to time of collection. The 7-minute measurement cycle was chosen to balance the need for higher spatial resolution along the survey transects with the 21-minute response time of the system. During the March 2017 and May 2017 surveys, RAD7 unit 2531 malfunctioned and for several days the mapping system USGS1 operated with only two RAD7 units, 2265 and 2528. During the March 2017 survey (3/27/17 to 4/2/2017), a replacement RAD7 unit, 2976, was used from 4/1/2017 to 4/2/2017. In the May 2017 survey (5/22/17 to 6/3/17), replacement RAD7 unit 4217 was used from 5/31/2017 to 6/2/2017. An outline of the RAD7 units and HOBO unit used in each mapping system for all survey dates is provided in the ‘IRL_Surveys_Equipment.pdf’ document. The YSI Pro Plus multiparameter water quality meter (YSI, Inc.) was calibrated for barometer, dissolved oxygen, specific conductivity, pH, and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) on the first field day. The YSI was checked each subsequent day with pH 7 buffer solution and 50 mS/cm conductivity solution to determine if recalibration was necessary. Linear regression of the YSI recorded salinity for both mapping systems (USGS1 and USGS 2) was used to QA/QC the data. In each YSI file, a column includes a flag indicating which data passed the QA/QC process. If the YSI probe was out of the water, the salinity values used for Rn-222 activity calculations were estimated by averaging salinity readings from YSI data collected before and after the problem time period. During September 2016, no dissolved oxygen (DO) data is available due to a malfunctioning DO probe. DO values for September 2016 are reported as ND for no data reported. During the July 2017 survey, the ORP (oxygen reduction potential) values for 7/30/2017 to 8/1/2017 were erroneous due to an incorrect calibration of the ORP standard. The ORP values for this survey are reported as ND for no data reported. HOBO H8 temperature probes were inter-compared twice a year to check the device. Linear regression of the HOBO recorded temperature for both mapping systems (USGS1 and USGS 2) was used to QA/QC data. Significant outliers that broke with the pattern of the regression and had unrealistic values based on the rest of the survey were examined as potentially erroneous. If removing these significant outliers resulted in a large improvement of the r-squared value, the outliers were considered erroneous. In each HOBO file, a column includes a flag indicating which data passed the QA/QC process. If any inconsistencies or unexpected values in ‘c:*2’ temperature data were identified, they were addressed through some of the following methods. If one HOBO reported erroneous or negative ‘c:*2’ temperature values due to a compromised connection between the HOBO and the probe, the measurements from the HOBO that recorded consistent and reliable were data were used in place of the faulty HOBO. In a situation where errors or negative ‘c:*2’ temperature values occurred with both HOBOs data recording, the relationship between verified YSI and HOBO data were assessed to produce a linear regression which allowed estimation of the temperature values for the missing measurements. A table can be found in ‘IRL_Corrections.pdf’ identifying the erroneous and negative ‘c:*2; data and how the inaccuracies were resolved for each case. When no YSI data were available, a CT2X Submersible Smart Sensor (manufactured by INW) was used to obtain salinity data. The ‘IRL_Corrections.pdf’ table also outlines the salinity errors and how they were resolved. During the July survey HOBO 7728 was replaced with HOBO 4828 on 7/29/2017 in order to have a functioning HOBO for USGS 2. HOBO 7728 reported only negative values on 7/26/2017 and 7/27/2017 and therefore that data was not reported. Reported radon-222 data excludes the data at the beginning of each day where appropriate temperature data was unavailable because the HOBOs were not yet exposed to surface water at that time. Due to the depth limitations of the Garmin echosounder, the shallowest transects of the Eau Gallie North site are lacking recorded depths have been reported as ‘NR’ for not recorded. The transducer offsets are provided in the GPS csv files for each survey trip. When the transducer water depth was not measured in the field, the water depth measurements of a similarly positioned Solinist Levelogger (which includes level, temperature, conductivity (LTC) data) were used to adjust the Garmin GPS water depth values for the transducer offset. The water depths were averaged for each day and that offset subtracted from Garmin GPS water depths. Logical_Consistency_Report: This dataset contains the raw RAD7, HOBO, YSI, CT2X, and GPS data files produced by the RAD7s (Durridge, Inc.), the HOBO temperature probes, the YSI Pro Plus multimeter, CT2X conductivity and temperature sensor (May 2017 survey only), LTC data (November 2016 and January 2017 surveys) and the boat-mounted Garmin GPS receiver. All supplementary field notes are available upon request. Completeness_Report: This is a complete, processed data set for all radon-222, physical water column parameters, and global positioning system (GPS) data collected from Indian River Lagoon from September 2016 to July 2017 (USGS Field Activity Numbers [FAN] 2016-349-FA, 2016-362-FA, 2017-306-FA, 2017-313-FA, 2017-328-FA, 2017-334-FA). Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The horizontal accuracy of the sample locations was determined by the accuracy of the boat-mounted Garmin echoMAP 50s chartplotter 10 Hertz GPS receiver, which recorded the positional data of the boat during data collection. The positional accuracy for the Garmin GPS ranges from better than 3 m to 10 m as outlined by the manufacture when using WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) coverage. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The vertical positional accuracy of the water depth measurements was determined by the boat-mounted Garmin echoMAP 50s transducer. The transducer used with the Garmin echoMAP 50s chartplotter is a dual beam transducer that transmits a 77/200 kHz signal. The transducer cannot measure depths shallower than ~0.7 m. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: From September 2016 through July 2017, a USGS barge traveled at no more than 1-1.5 knots to map radon and salinity parameters along seven shore-parallel latitudinal transects located approximately 75, 125, 200, 350, 500, 750 and 1000 m off the western edge of Indian River Lagoon, FL. A Garmin echoMAP 50s boat-mounted chartplotter GPS with a dual beam 77/200 kilohertz transducer recorded trackline information including time, position, and water depth at the Eau Gallie North (tracklines EA-EG) and Riverwalk Park (tracklines RA-RG) study sites. Each survey trackline was passed over three times; the first pass allowing the radon mapping system to equilibrate to the concentration of radon-222 in the water while the second and third passes were used to collect data once the system was equilibrated. The closest transect to shore at Eau Galle North, EA, was not run during the January-May 2017 surveys due to low water conditions. Process_Date: 2017 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Surface-water radon-222 (radon in water) was continuously monitored, using two multi-detector radon mapping systems, USGS 1 and USGS 2. The methodology was modelled after similar multi-detector systems used for continuous radon in water monitoring within the coastal ocean (Burnett and others, 2001; Dulaiova and others, 2005; Reich, 2009; Smith and Robbins, 2012). Each mapping system consisted of three commercial radon-in-air detectors, RAD7s, made by Durridge Company, Inc., forming a closed air tubing system where an air stream was supplied by a RAD Aqua air-water exchanger, also manufactured by Durridge. A mount secured to the side of the vessel held two AC sump-pumps that delivered a constant stream of water to two air-water exchangers, one for each mapping system. The RAD AQUAs passed the incoming water stream through spray nozzles into the spray chamber where the RAD7s’ internal pumps distribute the gas through the closed loop and pass it through a Drierite (manufactured by W.A. Hammond Drierite Co. Ltd.) desiccant column, before reaching each multi-detector mapping system. In “Normal” mode, the RAD7 analyzes radon-222 (Rn-222) activity by measuring Radon’s alpha emitting daughters of Rn-222, Polonium-214 and Polonium-218; however, during surveys only “Sniff” mode was utilized, which determines new Rn-222 by the shorter-lived Po-218 and provides a more rapid response. Each RAD7 unit was run on a 7-minute measurement cycle with the start time of USGS 2 offset 3.5 minutes from USGS 1 in order to increase spatial resolution of Rn-222 measurements. The solubility of Rn-222 in water is dependent on water temperature and salinity (Schubert and others, 2012). Water temperature within the RAD AQUA chamber was recorded by a HOBO H8 temperature probe. Attached to the vessel’s side mount was a YSI Pro Plus multiparameter meter positioned approximately 30 cm below the water surface to continuously record salinity, temperature, specific conductivity, dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH and barometric pressure. Process_Date: 2017 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Temperature, water quality and geographic data were downloaded daily in the field as follows: (1) utilizing BoxCar Pro 4.3 (registered trademark, Onset Computer Corporation) for the HOBO H8 temperature logger, (2) YSI Data Manager software was used with the YSI Pro Plus multiparameter meter, and (3) the Garmin GPS files were saved to a micro-USB via Homeport (registered trademark, Garmin) software. To help facilitate data consolidation, analyses and archival (in a non-proprietary format) the downloaded data were exported from each sensor's internal memory and saved as comma-separated values (.csv) files. CAPTURE software (registered trademark, Durridge, Inc.) was used to download the raw RAD7 files (.r7raw) in the field after each day of mapping. The date, time, total counts, live time and Win-A % Po-218 fields were utilized to calculate stop time, average live time, total counts in window-A and the total counts per minute (cpm) in window-A for the mapping systems. The stop time is used to calculate the midpoint time within the 7-minute cycle. This midpoint mapping time is offset by 21-minutes to account for the system’s response time. An explanation of the response time can be found in the attribute accuracy report section of this metadata. Another midpoint mapping time offset of 3.5 minutes provides the most accurate radon data with respect to the time of collection but does not account for lag due to system response time. These two sets of midpoint mapping times, 3.5-minutes and 21-minutes, for each mapping system are then used to match the other parameters needed to calculate the concentration of radon-222 in water based on their timestamp. The piecewise cubic hermite interpolating polynomial (PCHIP) method in the GNU Octave software program was applied to interpolate GPS coordinates, water depth, water temperature and salinity to the midpoint mapping times offset by 3.5 and 21-minutes. Process_Date: 2017 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Radon in air was calculated by dividing the total cpm in window-A for each mapping system by the sum of RAD7 efficiencies for that mapping system. The air-water partitioning coefficient (Kw/air) needed to convert radon in air to radon in water was computed using the water temperature, salinity and the six parameters, a1 to b3, in the Weiss equation as determined by the experiments of Schubert and others (2012). The six unitless parameter values used were a1=-76.14, a2=120.36, a3=31.26, b1=-0.2631, b2=0.1673, and b3=-0.027. The error of the radon in water calculations was calculated by taking the square root of the total counts in window-A divided by the average live time and then multiplied by the calculated air-water partitioning coefficient. Process_Date: 2017 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The resulting radon in water data along with depth measurements were compiled and integrated into Esri ArcGIS shapefiles, which facilitated the creation of salinity and radon-222 activity maps. The 21-minute offset radon-222 data, which best reflects the response time of the three RAD7s and RAD Aqua mapping system, was used to create the activity maps. Process_Date: 2017 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: This data release was originally posted online on January 25, 2018. Version 2.0 was released on March 12, 2018 and included the following changes (see https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7QF8S05/data/version_history.txt for additional information): 1. Added RAD7s and RAD Aqua details. 2. Removed the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) data for the July survey (7/30/2017 to 8/1/2017). 3. Updated the csv files, data dictionaries, and metadata text so the structure and organization conformed to a similar data release available at, https://doi.org/10.5066/F76Q1WG4. 4. Corrected the November 2016 Radon-222 values. Process_Date: 20180404 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Arnell S. Forde Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aforde@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0197951458 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0223282738 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal Degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D WGS 1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: D WGS 1984 Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 Altitude_Distance_Units: Meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: IRL_Sept_2016.zip Entity_Type_Definition: Comma-separated values files containing the YSI data, HOBO temperature probe data, Garmin GPS data, raw RAD7 data, and compiled data including the Rn-222 activities. Shapefiles consisting of geographic, water column, and radon-222 data collected from Indian River Lagoon, FL, September 2016 (USGS FAN 2016-349-FA) are also provided. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: IRL_Nov_2016.zip Entity_Type_Definition: Comma-separated values files containing the YSI data, HOBO temperature probe data, Garmin GPS data, raw RAD7 data, and compiled data including the Rn-222 activities. Shapefiles consisting of geographic, water column, and radon-222 data collected from Indian River Lagoon, FL, November 2016 (USGS FAN 2016-362-FA) are also provided. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: IRL_Jan_2017.zip Entity_Type_Definition: Comma-separated values files containing the YSI data, HOBO temperature probe data, Garmin GPS data, raw RAD7 data, and compiled data including the Rn-222 activities. Shapefiles consisting of geographic, water column, and radon-222 data collected from Indian River Lagoon, FL, January 2017 (USGS FAN 2017-306-FA) are also provided. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: IRL_March_2017.zip Entity_Type_Definition: Comma-separated values files containing the YSI data, HOBO temperature probe data, Garmin GPS data, raw RAD7 data, and compiled data including the Rn-222 activities. Shapefiles consisting of geographic, water column, and radon-222 data collected from Indian River Lagoon, FL, March 2017 (USGS FAN 2017-313-FA) are also provided. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: IRL_May_2017.zip Entity_Type_Definition: Comma-separated values files containing the YSI data, HOBO temperature probe data, CT2X conductivity and temperature data, Garmin GPS data, raw RAD7 data, and compiled data including the Rn-222 activities. Shapefiles consisting of geographic, water column, and radon-222 data collected from Indian River Lagoon, FL, May 2017 (USGS FAN 2017-328-FA) are also provided. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: IRL_July_2017.zip Entity_Type_Definition: Comma-separated values files containing the YSI data, HOBO temperature probe data, Garmin GPS data, raw RAD7 data, and compiled data including the Rn-222 activities. Shapefiles consisting of geographic, water column, and radon-222 data collected from Indian River Lagoon, FL, July 2017 (USGS FAN 2017-334-FA) are also provided. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Rn_EGN_21.shp Rn_RWP_21.shp Rn_EGN_3_5.shp Rn_RWP_3_5.shp Entity_Type_Definition: Surface water radon-222 measurements collected between September 2016 and July 2017 to investigate submarine groundwater discharge in Indian River Lagoon, FL. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude Attribute_Definition: Latitude component of GPS coordinates in decimal degrees. Attribute_Definition_Source: Garmin Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 28.10544483 Range_Domain_Maximum: 28.28039997 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude Attribute_Definition: Longitude component of GPS coordinates in decimal degrees. Attribute_Definition_Source: Garmin Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -80.68812667 Range_Domain_Maximum: -80.6049071 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date Attribute_Definition: The date data were collected in MM/DD/YYYY format. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 09/07/2016 Range_Domain_Maximum: 08/01/2017 Attribute: Attribute_Label: MapMPtTime Attribute_Definition: The midpoint mapping date and time for Rn-222 measurements offset by either 3.5 or 21 minutes and expressed as a serial number. Attribute_Definition_Source: Microsoft Excel Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 42620.40590 Range_Domain_Maximum: 42948.41028 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Depth_m Attribute_Definition: Water depth. NR represents 'not recorded' values. Attribute_Definition_Source: Garmin Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.122013516 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4.41223036 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Temp_C Attribute_Definition: Temperature recorded by HOBO within the spray chamber in degrees Celsius. Attribute_Definition_Source: Onset Computer Corporation Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 16.00 Range_Domain_Maximum: 38.77 Attribute: Attribute_Label: InSituSal Attribute_Definition: Salinity of the water as recorded by the YSI Pro Plus. Attribute_Definition_Source: YSI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 16.6105 Range_Domain_Maximum: 37.283019 Attribute: Attribute_Label: dpm_L_W Attribute_Definition: Disintegrations per minute per liter in water of radon-222. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 21.500791 Attribute: Attribute_Label: dpm_L_err Attribute_Definition: The error associated with the value of disintegrations per minute per liter in water of radon-222. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 3.432885743 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Unit Attribute_Definition: This number indicates whether the measurement was made by mapping system USGS 1 or USGS 2 by displaying 1 or 2. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Mapping system defines the number. Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: YSI_EGN.shp YSI_RWP.shp Entity_Type_Definition: Water column measurements of salinity, temperature, specific conductivity, dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH and barometric pressure collected between September 2016 and July 2017 to investigate submarine groundwater discharge in Indian River Lagoon, FL. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude Attribute_Definition: Latitude component of GPS coordinates in decimal degrees. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 28.10511298 Range_Domain_Maximum: 28.28039242 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude Attribute_Definition: Longitude component of GPS coordinates in decimal degrees. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -80.6881431 Range_Domain_Maximum: -80.60472521 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date Attribute_Definition: The date data were collected in MM/DD/YYYY format. Attribute_Definition_Source: YSI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 09/07/2016 Range_Domain_Maximum: 08/01/2017 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Time Attribute_Definition: Time data were recorded in HH:MM:SS AM/PM format. Attribute_Definition_Source: YSI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 8:08:00 AM Range_Domain_Maximum: 6:17:00 PM Attribute: Attribute_Label: Salinity Attribute_Definition: Salinity in practical salinity units. Attribute_Definition_Source: YSI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 15.01 Range_Domain_Maximum: 37.29 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SpC_uS_cm Attribute_Definition: Specific conductivity in microsiemens per centimeter (uS/cm). Attribute_Definition_Source: YSI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 24828 Range_Domain_Maximum: 56285 Attribute: Attribute_Label: DO_mg_L Attribute_Definition: Dissolved oxygen in milligrams per liter (mg/L). NR represents 'not recorded' values. Attribute_Definition_Source: YSI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 2.17 Range_Domain_Maximum: 11.5 Attribute: Attribute_Label: ORP_mV Attribute_Definition: Oxidation-reduction potential in millivolts (mV). ND represents 'no data reported' values. Attribute_Definition_Source: YSI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -162.4 Range_Domain_Maximum: 362.4 Attribute: Attribute_Label: pH Attribute_Definition: pH value. Attribute_Definition_Source: YSI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 7.55 Range_Domain_Maximum: 8.62 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Temp_C Attribute_Definition: Temperature in degrees Celsius. Attribute_Definition_Source: YSI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 15.7 Range_Domain_Maximum: 33.6 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Baro_kPa Attribute_Definition: Barometric pressure in kilopascals (kPa). Attribute_Definition_Source: YSI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 100.96 Range_Domain_Maximum: 102.47 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The detailed attribute descriptions for the raw RAD7, GPS, HOBO temperature probe, CT2X, YSI, LTC, and Rn-222 files are provided in the included data dictionaries (DataDictionary-RAD7.pdf, DataDictionary-GPS.pdf, DataDictionary-HOBO.pdf, DataDictionary-CT2X.pdf, DataDictionary-YSI.pdf, DataDictionary-LTC.pdf, and DataDictionary-Rn222.pdf, respectively). The metadata are not complete without these .pdf files. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Compressed (zip) archive Format_Version_Date: 2017 Format_Information_Content: This zip archive includes ArcGIS shapefiles, comma-separated values text files, and accompanying metadata for radon-222, salinity, water temperature, specific conductivity, dissolved oxygen, ORP, pH, barometric pressure, and global positioning system (GPS) data collected from Indian River Lagoon, Florida (USGS Field Activity Numbers [FAN] 2016-349-FA, 2016-362-FA, 2017-306-FA, 2017-313-FA, 2017-328-FA, 2017-334-FA). File_Decompression_Technique: Unzip Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7QF8S05/data/IRL_Sept_2016.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7QF8S05/data/IRL_Nov_2016.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7QF8S05/data/IRL_Jan_2017.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7QF8S05/data/IRL_March_2017.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7QF8S05/data/IRL_May_2017.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7QF8S05/data/IRL_July_2017.zip Fees: None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the dataset. Technical_Prerequisites: The data tables are provided as comma-separated values text files (.csv). The .csv data file contains the tabular data in plain text and may be viewed with a standard text editor. Portable Document Format (PDF) files can be viewed using the free software Adobe Acrobat Reader (http://get.adobe.com/reader). The GIS Esri shapefiles (.shp) can be opened using the free ArcGIS Explorer (https://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/explorer). The data figures are provided as Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images and can be viewed using standard image viewing software. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201013 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None