Sr/Ca and linear extension data for a modern Orbicella faveolata coral from Marquesas Keys, Florida, USA

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Sr/Ca and linear extension data for a modern Orbicella faveolata coral from Marquesas Keys, Florida, USA
Abstract:
This data release contains new subannual Strontium/Calcium (Sr/Ca) and annual linear extension records from a colony of the massive coral, Orbicella faveolata. The colony was collected live from the Marquesas Keys, Florida (FL) in August 1980 from core MK1. The coral Sr/Ca paleothermometer can provide a powerful proxy for centennial-scale sea-surface temperature (SST) variability in the Caribbean/Atlantic Ocean region.
Supplemental_Information:
Corals were collected under USGS field activity number (FAN) 1980-300-FA. Additional survey and data details are available on the Costal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=1980-300-FA.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Flannery, Jennifer A., Richey, Julie N., Toth, Lauren T., and Mette, Madelyn J., 20231211, Sr/Ca and linear extension data for a modern Orbicella faveolata coral from Marquesas Keys, Florida, USA:.

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Flannery, Jennifer A., Richey, Julie N., Toth, Lauren T., and Mette, Madelyn J., 20231211, Sr/Ca and Linear Extension Data for a Modern Orbicella faveolata Coral From Marquesas Keys, Florida, USA: U.S. Geological Survey data release doi:10.5066/P9Q01QJJ, U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.1194
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.1194
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.5719
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.5719
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date:
    Ending_Date: 2011
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    MK1_Sr_Ca_LER_1830_1980.csv, MK1_Sr_Ca_LER_1830_1980.xlsx
    These files contain attribute information for the subannual Sr/Ca and annual linear extension rate data collected from a modern Orbicella faveolata colony (core MK1) spanning 1830-1980. When viewing MK1_Sr_Ca_LER_1830_1980.csv, please note that when no data is available, the cell was either left blank or a 'NaN' value was used. The data are published as a comma separated values file (.csv) and a Microsoft Excel file (.xlsx). (Source: USGS)
    Date MK1 Sub Annual
    Date in the format of YYYY.XXX for the subannual Sr/Ca data for coral core MK1 (Orbicella faveolata). (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1830.125
    Maximum:1980.874
    Units:Decimal Year
    MK1 Sub Annual Sr/Ca (mmol/mol)
    Sub Annual Sr/Ca millimole per mole (mmol/mol) values for coral core MK1 (Orbicella faveolata). (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:8.876
    Maximum:9.665
    Units:mmol/mol
    Date MK1 Mean Annual
    Date in the format of YYYY for the mean annual Sr/Ca data for coral core MK1 (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1830
    Maximum:1980
    Units:Year (C.E.)
    MK1 Mean Annual Sr/Ca (mmol/mol)
    Mean Annual Sr/Ca millimole per mole (mmol/mol) values for coral core MK1 (Orbicella faveolata). (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    NaNNo data available
    Range of values
    Minimum:9.146
    Maximum:9.416
    Units:mmol/mol
    Date MK1 Linear Extension
    Date in the format of YYYY for the corresponding linear extension rate values. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1830
    Maximum:1979
    Units:Year (C.E.)
    MK1 Linear Extension (cm/yr)
    Annual linear extension rates for coral core MK1 (Orbicella faveolata) in centimeters per year (cm/yr). (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    NaNNo data available
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.55
    Maximum:1.85
    Units:cm/yr
    Date Composite
    Date in the format of YYYY for the corresponding composite SST (°C) values. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1733
    Maximum:2011
    Units:Year (C.E.)
    Full Composite SST (°C)
    Stacked Sr/Ca-SST (°C) data. Data was produced by independently calibrating the MK1 Sr/Ca record to the Orbicella faveolata species-specific calibration equation (Flannery and others, 2018) and stacking the MK1 record together with ten previously-published Sr/Ca-SST records (Flannery and others, 2017, 2018; DeLong and others, 2011, 2014). (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:23.822
    Maximum:27.124
    Units:Degrees Celsius
    O. faveolata Composite SST (°C)
    Stacked Sr/Ca-SST (°C) data. Data was produced by independently calibrating the MK1 Sr/Ca record to the Orbicella faveolata species-specific calibration equation (Flannery and others, 2018) and stacking the MK1 record together with five previously-published Sr/Ca-SST records (Flannery and others, 2017, 2018). (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    NaNNo data available
    Range of values
    Minimum:21.304
    Maximum:27.343
    Units:Degrees Celsius
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the dataset. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the dataset.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
    The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Jennifer A. Flannery
    • Julie N. Richey
    • Lauren T. Toth
    • Madelyn J. Mette
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Julie N. Richey
    U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    600 4th St. South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8123 (voice)
    jrichey@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

Sr/Ca ratios act as a proxy for SST in the skeletons of aragonite producing organisms, such as massive corals. This is a new, 150-year proxy reconstruction (1830-1980 Common Era [C.E.]) of monthly-resolved Sr/Ca-based SST estimates from the coral species Orbicella faveolata collected from the Marquesas Keys, FL, USA. For more details on methods and the results of the study, refer to Flannery and others, 2024.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2018 (process 1 of 1)
    The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected the coral core used in this study in the southern area of the Marquesas Keys (24.5719° North, 82.1194° West) in August 1980 (O. faveolata colony, core MK1) using a rotary corer. Subsampling of the coral colony (core MK1) was completed using a tri-axial micromill with a 0.5 millimeter (mm) forward increment, 1.5 mm cut depth, and a 0.5 mm drill bit along a continuous thecal wall. Between 88 and 237 micrograms (μg) of subsampled skeletal powder was weighed out for each sample from each of the coral colonies and acidified using ultrapure 2% nitric acid (HNO3) to obtain sample solutions with a target Ca concentration of 20 parts per million (ppm). A PerkinElmer 7300 dual view inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) was used to make the Sr/Ca determinations. The resulting Sr/Ca annual cycles were used to compute annual linear extension rates by measuring the distance between each summer peak. The Marquesas Keys (core MK1) Sr/Ca data were incorporated into an existing composite record spanning the Dry Tortugas region (Flannery and others, 2017).
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Flannery, J.A., Richey, J.N., Toth, L.T., and Mette, M.J., 20240223, 20th century warming in the western Florida Keys was dominated by increasing winter temperatures: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology Volume 39, Issue 2.

    Online Links:

    Flannery, J.A., Richey, J.N., Thirumalai, K., Poore, R.Z., and DeLong, K.L., 20170115, Multi-species coral Sr/Ca-based sea-surface temperature reconstruction using Orbicella faveolata and Siderastrea siderea from the Florida Straits: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology Volume 466.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Pages 100-109
    Flannery, J.A., Richey, J.N., Toth, L.T., Kuffner, I.B., and Poore, R.Z., 20180706, Quantifying Uncertainty in Sr/Ca‐Based estimates of SST from the coral Orbicella faveolata: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology Volume 33, Issue 9.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Pages 958-973
    DeLong, K.L., Flannery, J.A., Maupin, C.R., Poore, R.Z., and Quinn, T.M., 20110701, A coral Sr/Ca calibration and replication study of two massive corals from the Gulf of Mexico: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology Volume 307, Issues 1-4.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Pages 117-128
    DeLong, K.L., Flannery, J.A., Poore, R.Z., Quinn, T.M., Maupin, C.R., Lin, K., and Shen, C.C., 20140415, A reconstruction of sea surface temperature variability in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico from 1734–2008 CE using cross-dated Sr/Ca records from the coral Siderastrea siderea: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology Volume 29, Issue 5.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Pages 403-422

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None
Use_Constraints Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Julie N. Richey
    U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    600 4th St. South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8123 (voice)
    jrichey@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? MK1_Sr_Ca_LER_1830_1980.csv, MK1_Sr_Ca_LER_1830_1980.xlsx
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 12-Jul-2024
Metadata author:
Julie N. Richey
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Research Geologist
600 4th St. South
St. Petersburg, FL
USA

727-502-8123 (voice)
jrichey@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/MK1_Sr_Ca_LER_1830_1980_metadata.faq.html>
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