Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Christian Haller Originator: Christopher G. Smith Originator: Terrence A. McCloskey Originator: C. Scott Adams Originator: Marci E. Marot Originator: Alisha M. Ellis Publication_Date: 20180417 Title: Benthic foraminiferal data from sedimentary cores collected in the Grand Bay (Mississippi) and Dauphin Island (Alabama) salt marshes Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: doi.org/10.5066/F7445KSG Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7445KSG Description: Abstract: Microfossil (benthic foraminifera) data from coastal areas were collected from state and federally managed lands within the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and Grand Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Grand Bay, Mississippi/Alabama; federally managed lands of Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge on Cedar Island and Little Dauphin Island, Alabama; and municipally managed land around Dauphin Island, Alabama. Samples were analyzed and quantified for foraminiferal census in order to document changes to the coastal wetlands, estuarine environments, and to aid in paleoenvironmental reconstruction. These data provide a baseline dataset for use in future wetland change descriptive and predictive studies and assessments. The data presented here were collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Sea-level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines (SSIEES) project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/ssiees), Barrier Island Evolution Research (BIER) project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/bier), and National Fish and Wildlife Foundation-funded Alabama Barrier Island Restoration Feasibility Study (a collaborative study between the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, Mobile District; the State of Alabama; and the USGS [https://www.usgs.gov/centers/spcmsc/science/alabama-barrier-island-restoration-study]). These projects aim to assess ecological and societal vulnerability that results from long- and short-term physical changes to barrier islands and coastal wetlands. Two sampling surveys were conducted between 2014 and 2015: 14CCT01 (15–19 September 2014; 2014-323-FA), and 15BIM09 (18–20 August 2015; 2015-322-FA). During those two trips, seven Russian peat auger cores were taken from marsh locations. Three cores from Dauphin Island were subsampled and stained with rose Bengal (rB) in the field to indicate life. Four further cores from Dauphin Island and Grand Bay were not stained. At the St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center all cores were subsampled resulting in a total of 74 subsamples. Samples were processed in the laboratory to four size fractions (63–125 μm, 125–250 μm, 250–850 μm, and >850 μm), of which the 125–250 μm and 250–850 μm fractions were picked at equal proportions of total sample and reported combined (125–850 μm). For additional information regarding foraminiferal collection and/or processing methods, refer to Ellis and others (2017). Further data collected on and surrounding Dauphin Island is presented in Ellis and others (2017) and Ellis and others (2018). Purpose: Dissemination of benthic foraminiferal assemblage count data from subsurface sediment samples collected from eastern Mississippi Sound between September 2014 and August 2015. This dataset, MS_AL_Cores_XYZ.csv, includes processed coordinate and elevation data collected at each sample location. Supplemental_Information: To ensure that USGS-St. Petersburg data management protocols were followed, each survey was assigned the following USGS field activity number (FAN): 2014-323-FA (September 2014, Project ID 14CCT01), and 2015-322-FA (August 2015, Project ID 15BIM09). Additional survey and data details are available from the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at, http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20140915 Ending_Date: 20150820 Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.39787 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.109994 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.38936 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.25321 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:b3d22766-4b2e-492d-ab45-c6e06900e1cf Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: location Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: biota Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geology Theme_Keyword: ecology Theme_Keyword: micropaleontology Theme_Keyword: fossils Theme_Keyword: protists Theme_Keyword: unconsolidated deposits Theme_Keyword: estuarine ecosystems Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: sediment Theme_Keyword: salt marsh Theme_Keyword: foraminifera Theme_Keyword: microfossil Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Alabama Place_Keyword: Mississippi Place_Keyword: Mississippi Sound Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: Grand Bay Place_Keyword: Dauphin Island Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 7 R2 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Microsoft Excel Version 2010 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Ellis, A.M. Originator: Shaw, J.E. Originator: Osterman, L.E. Originator: Smith, C.G. Publication_Date: 20171128 Title: Distribution of foraminifera in Chincoteague Bay and the marshes of Assateague Island and the adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: Data Series 1060 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1060 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Ellis, A.M. Originator: Marot, M.E. Originator: Smith, C.G. Originator: Wheaton, C.J. Publication_Date: 20170620 Title: The physical characteristics of the sediments on and surrounding Dauphin Island, Alabama Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: Data Series 1046 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1046 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Ellis, A.M. Originator: Smith, C.G. Originator: Marot, M.E. Publication_Date: 20180322 Title: The sedimentological characteristics and geochronology of the marshes of Dauphin Island, Alabama Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: OFR2017-1165 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171165 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The positional accuracy of the sample locations was determined by the accuracy of the raw position data recorded by the GPS antenna during data collection. Differential Geographic Positioning System (DGPS) coordinates were obtained using post-processing software packages (National Geodetic Survey's On-Line Positioning User Service (OPUS), version 2.2 and Waypoint Product Group's GrafNav and GrafNet, version 8.30). Logical_Consistency_Report: This dataset contains the post-processed GPS and DGPS coordinates for samples collected during two separate surveys in 2014 and 2015. Sample locations were recorded at the time of collection using two Asthech Z-Extreme SMG-ZX-3 receivers (and others), one at a benchmark base-station and one roving in the field. Completeness_Report: This dataset includes the locations of 7 marsh sediment cores collected in Grand Bay (Mississippi) and Dauphin Island (Alabama). Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: All static base station sessions were processed through the On-Line Positioning User Service (OPUS) maintained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Geodetic Survey (NGS), and the results were entered into a spreadsheet to compute a final, time-weighted positional coordinate (latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid height). Base station positional error for each GPS session was calculated as the absolute value of the final position minus the session position value. The maximum horizontal error of the base station coordinates used for post-processing the sample locations was 0.00018 seconds latitude and 0.00045 seconds longitude. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: All static base station sessions were processed through OPUS maintained by NOAA and the NGS. The base location results from OPUS were entered into a spreadsheet to compute a final, time-weighted positional coordinate (latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid height). Base station positional error for each GPS session was calculated as the absolute value of the final position minus the session position value. For this survey, the standard deviation or the base station ellipsoid height was 0.014 meters (m) and the maximum vertical error for the base station was +/- 0.015 m. All sample locations were post-processed to the base station coordinate. Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.0001 Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Meters Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: A GPS base station was erected for each sampling survey at a NGS benchmark located closest to the survey's sampling sites. DGPS receivers recorded the 12-channel full-carrier-phase positioning signals (L1/L2) from satellites via the Thales choke ring antenna on the base station and an Ashtech Geodetic antenna on the rover. This DGPS instrument combination was duplicated on the rover unit. The base station receiver and the rover receiver record their positions concurrently at 1-second (s) recording intervals throughout the survey. Occupation times at the sample sites ranged from 5 to 30 minutes. Process_Date: 2012 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Nancy DeWitt Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ndewitt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The coordinate values of the GPS base station are the time-weighted average of values obtained from OPUS. The base station coordinates were imported into GrafNav and GrafNet (Waypoint Product Group) and the GPS data from the rover were post-processed to the concurrent GPS session data at the base station. The GPS data were processed and exported in the World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84) (G1150) geodetic datum. Process_Date: 2012 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Nancy DeWitt Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ndewitt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Sample locations were transformed from the GPS acquisition datum (WGS84) to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) and the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) orthometric elevation (geoid model of 2012, GEOID12A) using NOAA VDatum version 3.3 transformation software (http://vdatum.noaa.gov/). Process_Date: 2013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Nancy DeWitt Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 7 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0197873567 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0228037225 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodectic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 Altitude_Distance_Units: Meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: MS_AL_Cores_XYZ.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Comma separated values text file defining the station locations and elevations of benthic foraminifera sediment cores collected from Grand Bay (Mississippi) and Dauphin Island (Alabama) (USGS FANs 2014-323-FA and 2015-322-FA). Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Core_ID Attribute_Definition: Sediment core identifier, grouped by project name. The core ID naming scheme explanation is as follows: "14CCT01" = USGS project name. Prefix: "GB" = Grand Bay, "DA" = Dauphin island. Suffix: "R" = Russian peat auger. Replicate core suffix (if replicate collected): "FA". Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Lat_NAD83 Attribute_Definition: Latitude of station location, in decimal degrees (NAD83) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 30.25321 Range_Domain_Maximum: 30.38936 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.00001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Long_NAD83 Attribute_Definition: Longitude of site location, in decimal degrees (NAD83) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -88.39787 Range_Domain_Maximum: -88.109994 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Horiz_error_(m) Attribute_Definition: Error of horizontal measurement of station location, in meters (GEOID 12A). N/A = not applicable Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.001 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.002 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Elev_NAVD88_(m) Attribute_Definition: Elevation (orthometric height) of station location, in meters (GEOID 12A). N/A = not applicable Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0963 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.2645 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Elev_error_(m) Attribute_Definition: Error of calculated elevation (orthometric height) of station location, in meters (GEOID 12A). N/A = not applicable Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.002 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0164 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Base_station_PID Attribute_Definition: Geodetic benchmark permanent identifier. N/A = not applicable Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character string Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Resource_Description: MS_AL_Cores_XYZ.csv Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Compressed (zip) archive Format_Version_Date: 2017 Format_Specification: Tabular data Format_Information_Content: This zip archive includes a comma separated values files, and accompanying metadata for xyz coordinate and elevation data obtained from GPS equipment collected from Grand Bay and Dauphin Island salt marshes during 14CCT01 (15–19 September 2014; 2014-323-FA), and 15BIM09 (18–20 August 2015; 2015-322-FA). File_Decompression_Technique: Unzip Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7445KSG/data/MS_AL_Cores_XYZ.zip Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: The comma separated file (.csv) was created in Microsoft Excel 2010 and can be opened using Microsoft Excel 2007 or higher; these data may also be viewed using the free Microsoft Excel Viewer (http://office.microsoft.com/). Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201013 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None