Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Jessica A. Jacobs Originator: Julie N. Richey Originator: Jennifer A. Flannery Originator: Lauren T. Toth Publication_Date: 20250131 Title: Sr/Ca, oxygen isotope, and linear extension data for five Holocene Orbicella faveolata corals from Dry Tortugas and Marquesas Keys, Florida, USA Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Jessica A. Jacobs Originator: Julie N. Richey Originator: Jennifer A. Flannery Originator: Lauren T. Toth Publication_Date: 20250131 Title: Sr/Ca, Oxygen Isotope, and Linear Extension Data for Five Holocene Orbicella faveolata Corals From Dry Tortugas and Marquesas Keys, Florida, USA Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P1TCYNHY Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P1TCYNHY Description: Abstract: This data release contains new, 40–70-year long subannual strontium-to-calcium ratio (Sr/Ca) records and linear extension measurements from five mid-to-late Holocene, Orbicella faveolata corals from the Dry Tortugas National Park (DT) and Marquesas Keys (MK), Florida (FL). U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) researchers used these Sr/Ca data to calculate sea-surface temperature (SST) using the Sr/Ca-SST equation from Flannery and others (2018). The data release also provides and stable oxygen isotope snapshots from two of the mid-Holocene corals. These data provide a proof-of-concept for the value coral-based paleoclimate records in the subtropical western Atlantic during the Holocene. Detailed information regarding data collection and processing methods can be found in Jacobs and others (2025). Purpose: In this study, five new coral Sr/Ca-SST records are presented with an approximately monthly sampling resolution from DT and MK and ages from ~2-7 thousand years ago (ka). These records fill a critical spatial and temporal data gap and provide insight into changes in mean climate and variability during the Holocene in the subtropical western Atlantic. Supplemental_Information: Following USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) data management protocols, the cores were assigned the following USGS field activity numbers (FANs): 1976-300-FA (PL1), 2004-304-FA (FJ), 2017-331-FA (PL2), 1983-300-FA (NG), 08CGS02 (PN). Please visit the Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) field activity webpage for more information about each FAN related to this dataset: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=1976-300-FA https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2004-304-FA https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2017-331-FA https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=1983-300-FA https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=08CGS02 Cores were collected with permission from the National Park Service and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, as applicable. For more information on core collection, refer to Hickey and others (2013) and Toth and others (2018). Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2013 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20180821 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20250131 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Description_of_Geographic_Extent: Dry Tortugas National Park and Marquesas Keys Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.9700 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.4166 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.7200 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.5400 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:2a7b62ec-14b9-4182-933f-938a77689ce1 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: biota Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: coelenterates Theme_Keyword: reef ecosystems Theme_Keyword: geochemistry Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: sea-surface temperature Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: sclerochronology Theme_Keyword: paleoclimate Theme_Keyword: Sr/Ca Theme_Keyword: Strontium/Calcium Theme_Keyword: Holocene Theme_Keyword: Stable oxygen isotopes Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Dry Tortugas Place_Keyword: Florida Keys Place_Keyword: State of Florida Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Temporal_Keyword: Holocene Access_Constraints: None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. Use_Constraints: None. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jessica A. Jacobs Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: Saint Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8041 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jajacobs@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: USGS coral core collection efforts were made possible with permission from the National Park Service and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of metadata creation: MacOS Ventura 13.6.7; Microsoft Excel for Mac Version 16.85 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Jessica A. Jacobs Originator: Julie N. Richey Originator: Jennifer A. Flannery Originator: Kaustubh Thirumalai Originator: Lauren T. Toth Publication_Date: 20250128 Title: Snapshots of Holocene sea-surface temperature variability from a subtropical western Atlantic coral reef Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication Series_Information: Series_Name: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology Issue_Identification: 112777 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Online Publisher: Elsevier Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.112777 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Jennifer A. Flannery Originator: Julie N. Richey Originator: Lauren T. Toth Originator: Ilsa B. Kuffner Originator: Richard Z. Poore Publication_Date: 20180706 Title: Quantifying uncertainty in Sr/Ca‐based estimates of SST from the coral Orbicella faveolata Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication Series_Information: Series_Name: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology Issue_Identification: Volume 33, Issue 9 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Online Publisher: American Geophysical Union Other_Citation_Details: Pages 958-973 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018PA003389 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Todd D. Hickey Originator: Christopher D. Reich Originator: Kristine L. DeLong Originator: Richard Z. Poore Originator: John C. Brock Publication_Date: 2013 Title: Holocene core logs and site methods for modern reef and head-coral cores: Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2012–1095 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: 27 pages Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121095 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Lauren T. Toth Originator: Ilsa B. Kuffner Originator: Anastasios Stathakopoulos Originator: Eugene A. Shinn Publication_Date: 20180821 Title: A 3,000-year lag between the geological and ecological shutdown of Florida’s coral reefs Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication Series_Information: Series_Name: Global Change Biology Issue_Identification: Volume 24, Issue 11 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Hoboken, New Jersey Publisher: Wiley Online Library Other_Citation_Details: Pages 5471-5483 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14389 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Daniel P. Schrag Publication_Date: 199904 Title: Rapid analysis of high-precision Sr/Ca ratios in corals and other marine carbonates Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication Series_Information: Series_Name: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology Issue_Identification: Volume 14, Issue 2 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Online Publisher: American Geophysical Union Other_Citation_Details: Pages 97-102 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1029/1998PA900025 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Ed C. Hathorne Originator: Alex Gagnon Originator: Thomas Felis Originator: Jess Adkins Originator: Ryuji Asami Originator: and others Publication_Date: 20130725 Title: Interlaboratory study for coral Sr/Ca and other element/Ca ratio measurements Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication Series_Information: Series_Name: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems Issue_Identification: Volume 14, Issue 9 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: online Publisher: American Geophysical Union Other_Citation_Details: Pages 3730-3750 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1002/ggge.20230 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Sr/Ca data were determined using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emissions Spectrometer (ICP-OES) that had been calibrated using trace metal grade single-element standards and nitric acid (Jacobs and others, 2025). Analyses were completed once initial sample run calibrations of low, intermediate, and high concentration solutions passed with a calibration coefficient of >0.999 (out of 1.0) between analyte concentration and instrument intensity. Coral sample Sr/Ca data were corrected for drift using an internal gravimetric standard (IGS) method from Schrag (1999). Average IGS precision for all sample runs is 0.011 millimole per mole. Additionally, ICP-OES performances were compared with other laboratories by analyzing the JCp-1 standard after Hathorne and others (2013) and were determined to be within error of the mean values established in the publication. For oxygen isotope samples, the external standard IAEA-603 was analyzed (n=160) and the precision was 0.05‰ for delta-Oxygen-18 (δ¹⁸O), which is consistent with the long-term precision of this setup (0.06‰). Replicate sample results for δ¹⁸O were averaged prior to publishing. Logical_Consistency_Report: Coral Sr/Ca samples were created with a target calcium concentration of 20 parts per million (ppm). Data were considered valid if calcium concentrations were between 10-30 ppm and values were within 2 standard deviations of the sample run mean. Additionally, multiple corallite paths were sampled to overlap at least five years of data from each coral. Data from overlapping paths were averaged to ensure reproducibility. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected the coral cores used in this study in Dry Tortugas and Marquesas Keys between 1976 and 2017 using a rotary corer. Additional information on coral core collection can be found in Hickey and others (2013) and Toth and others (2018). Subsampling of the coral colonies was completed using a tri-axial micromill with a 0.5 millimeter (mm) forward increment, 2.25 mm cut depth, and a 0.5 mm drill bit along a continuous thecal wall. Between 88 and 237 micrograms (μg) of subsampled skeletal powder was weighed out for each sample from each of the coral colonies and acidified using ultrapure 2% nitric acid to obtain sample solutions with a target calcium concentration of 20 parts per million. A PerkinElmer (PE) 7300 dual view inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES; for samples analyzed before March 2022) and a PE Avio 550 ICP-OES (for samples analyzed after March 2022) were used to make the Sr/Ca determinations (Jacobs and others, 2025). The resulting Sr/Ca data were converted into SST using the calibration equation from Flannery and others (2018). Data from this analysis were compiled into a comma-separated values file (.csv) and Microsoft Excel file (.xlsx) and are published with this release. Process_Date: 20210730 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Mid-to-late_Holocene_SrCa.csv Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Mid-to-late_Holocene_SrCa.xlsx Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jessica A. Jacobs Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8041 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jajacobs@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Sr/Ca annual cycles were used to compute annual linear extension rates by measuring the distance between each summer peak. Data from this computation were compiled into a comma-separated values file (.csv) and Microsoft Excel file (.xlsx) and are published with this release. Process_Date: 20231116 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Mid-to-late_Holocene_LinExt.csv Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Mid-to-late_Holocene_LinExt.xlsx Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jessica A. Jacobs Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8041 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jajacobs@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Select Sr/Ca sample splits (FJ and PL2 corals only) were sent for oxygen isotope analysis at the Paleo² Laboratory at the University of Arizona using a MAT 253+ Mass Spectrometer coupled to a Kiel IV Carbonate Device (Jacobs and others, 2025). Data from this analysis were compiled into a comma-separated values file (.csv) and Microsoft Excel file (.xlsx) and are published with this release. Process_Date: 20220802 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Mid-to-late_Holocene_paired_18O_SrCa.csv Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Mid-to-late_Holocene_paired_18O_SrCa.xlsx Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Kaustubh Thirumalai Contact_Organization: University of Arizona – Department of Geosciences Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 1040 E. 4th Street, #521 City: Tucson State_or_Province: AZ Postal_Code: 85721 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-626-2236 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kaustubh@arizona.edu Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Mid-to-late_Holocene_SrCa.csv, Mid-to-late_Holocene_SrCa.xlsx Entity_Type_Definition: Data files (.csv and .xlsx) of the Sr/Ca subannual values for five mid-to-late Holocene Orbicella faveolata corals. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Time (years) Attribute_Definition: Year in the format of YY.XXX for the subannual Sr/Ca data for the coral core. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.042 Range_Domain_Maximum: 56.958 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal Year Attribute: Attribute_Label: 6.7 ka (PL1) Subannual Sr/Ca (mmol/mol) Attribute_Definition: Subannual Sr/Ca millimole per mole (mmol/mol) values for coral core PL1 (6.7 ka) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nd Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 9.028 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9.579 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: mmol/mol Attribute: Attribute_Label: 6.6 ka (FJ) Subannual Sr/Ca (mmol/mol) Attribute_Definition: Subannual Sr/Ca millimole per mole (mmol/mol) values for coral core FJ (6.6 ka) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nd Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 8.92 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9.571 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: mmol/mol Attribute: Attribute_Label: 5.8 ka (PL2) Subannual Sr/Ca (mmol/mol) Attribute_Definition: Subannual Sr/Ca millimole per mole (mmol/mol) values for coral core PL2 (5.8 ka) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 8.8 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9.577 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: mmol/mol Attribute: Attribute_Label: 3.6 ka (NG) Subannual Sr/Ca (mmol/mol) Attribute_Definition: Subannual Sr/Ca millimole per mole (mmol/mol) values for coral core NG (3.6 ka) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nd Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 9.071 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9.829 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: mmol/mol Attribute: Attribute_Label: 2.6 ka (PN) Subannual Sr/Ca (mmol/mol) Attribute_Definition: Subannual Sr/Ca millimole per mole (mmol/mol) values for coral core PN (2.6 ka) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nd Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 8.939 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9.789 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: mmol/mol Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Mid-to-late_Holocene_LinExt.csv, Mid-to-late_Holocene_LinExt.xlsx Entity_Type_Definition: Data files (.csv and .xlsx) of the linear extension rates for five mid-to-late Holocene Orbicella faveolata corals. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Year Attribute_Definition: Year in the format of YY for annual linear extension data for the coral core. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 57 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Year Attribute: Attribute_Label: 6.7 ka (PL1) Linear Extension (cm/yr) Attribute_Definition: Annual linear extension rates for coral core PL1 (6.7 ka) in centimeters per year (cm/yr). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nd Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.25 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.8 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: cm/yr Attribute: Attribute_Label: 6.6 ka (FJ) Linear Extension (cm/yr) Attribute_Definition: Annual linear extension rates for coral core FJ (6.6 ka) in centimeters per year (cm/yr). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nd Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.45 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: cm/yr Attribute: Attribute_Label: 5.8 ka (PL2) Linear Extension (cm/yr) Attribute_Definition: Annual linear extension rates for coral core PL2 (5.8 ka) in centimeters per year (cm/yr). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.4 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.15 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: cm/yr Attribute: Attribute_Label: 3.6 ka (NG) Linear Extension (cm/yr) Attribute_Definition: Annual linear extension rates for coral core NG (3.6 ka) in centimeters per year (cm/yr). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nd Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.25 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.1 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: cm/yr Attribute: Attribute_Label: 2.6 ka (PN) Linear Extension (cm/yr) Attribute_Definition: Annual linear extension rates for coral core PN (2.6 ka) in centimeters per year (cm/yr). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nd Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.25 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.05 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: cm/yr Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Mid-to-late_Holocene_paired_18O_SrCa.csv, Mid-to-late_Holocene_paired_18O_SrCa.xlsx Entity_Type_Definition: Data files (.csv and .xlsx) of the paired raw Sr/Ca and δ¹⁸O data for five mid-to-late Holocene Orbicella faveolata corals. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Core Attribute_Definition: Coral age and identifier Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 6.6 ka (FJ) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The coral FJ (6.6 ka age). Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 5.8 ka (PL2) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The coral PL2 (5.8 ka age). Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sample ID Attribute_Definition: Unique sample ID for paired Sr/Ca and δ¹⁸O data. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Full sample identifier for coral FJ (FJS-R-2) and PL2 (C-2017-DT-PL-2-18-1). Each sample identifier is followed by a three-digit number (i.e., #280). An asterisk following this number denotes averaged value of replicate samples. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sr/Ca (mmol/mol) Attribute_Definition: Raw Sr/Ca value in millimole per mole (mmol/mol). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 8.898 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9.506 Attribute: Attribute_Label: δ¹⁸O (‰, VPDB) Attribute_Definition: Raw δ¹⁸O value in per mil notation relative to the Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite scale (‰, VPDB). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nd Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -4.810 Range_Domain_Maximum: -2.451 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: per mil Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: USGS SPCMSC Data Management Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: Saint Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Mid-to-late_Holocene_SrCa.csv. Mid-to-late_Holocene_SrCa.xlsx, Mid-to-late_Holocene_LinExt.csv, Mid-to-late_Holocene_LinExt.xlsx, Mid-to-late_Holocene_paired_18O_SrCa.csv, Mid-to-late_Holocene_paired_18O_SrCa.xlsx Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: comma-delimited text, Microsoft Excel format Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P1TCYNHY/data/Mid-to-late_Holocene_SrCa_LinExt_18O.zip Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20250131 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: USGS SPCMSC Data Management Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: Saint Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999