Metadata:
  Identification_Information:
    Citation:
      Citation_Information:
        Originator: David G. Zawada
        Publication_Date: 2011
        Title: Navassa_1D_metadata: Fractal analysis of the Navassa Island seascape
        Edition: 2.0
        Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
        Larger_Work_Citation:
          Citation_Information:
            Originator: David G. Zawada
            Publication_Date: 2011
            Title: Fractal Analysis of the Navassa Island Seascape
            Series_Information:
              Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data series
              Issue_Identification: doi:10.3133/ds592
            Publication_Information:
              Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
              Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
            Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds592
    Description:
      Abstract: This release provides the numerical results of the fractal analyses discussed in Zawada and others (2010; https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL043789) for the Navassa Island reefscape.
      Purpose: This release provides the numerical results of the fractal analyses discussed in Zawada and others (2010; https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL043789) for the Navassa Island reefscape.  The project represents the continuation of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) research effort begun in 2006 (Zawada and others, 2006) to understand the patterns and scalability of roughness and topographic complexity from individual corals to complete reefscapes.
      Supplemental_Information: Navassa Island reefscape is located approximately 50 km west of the southwestern tip of Haiti.  In 2006, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research conducted the first high-resolution, multibeam bathymetric survey around Navassa Island. A 1-meter spatial resolution digital elevation model (DEM) produced by NOAA served as the dataset.  Fractal analysis of transects extracted from the DEM provides a rapid assessment of the variability in roughness and, by inference, topographic complexity over the entire Navassa Island benthic seascape.
    Time_Period_of_Content:
      Time_Period_Information:
        Single_Date/Time:
          Calendar_Date: 2006
      Currentness_Reference: No future revsions are planned.
    Status:
      Progress: Complete
      Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None
    Spatial_Domain:
      Bounding_Coordinates:
        West_Bounding_Coordinate: 75.039028
        East_Bounding_Coordinate: 74.992867
        North_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.421583
        South_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.382081
    Keywords:
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
        Theme_Keyword: USGS:535b85bb-ce21-4c27-9022-b12f1d6655b8
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
        Theme_Keyword: Observation Scale
        Theme_Keyword: Average Elevation Variation
        Theme_Keyword: Fractal Dimension
      Place:
        Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
        Place_Keyword: Navassa Island
    Access_Constraints: None
    Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey must be acknowledged as originator of these results in future products or derivative research.
    Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.3000.
  Data_Quality_Information:
    Attribute_Accuracy:
      Attribute_Accuracy_Report: No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted.
    Logical_Consistency_Report: No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.
    Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract.
    Lineage:
      Process_Step:
        Process_Description: This metadata record was modified from its original release in Data Series 592, so that it could be added to the center's metadata repository on the Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/metadata/spcmsc/) for ingestion in downstream metadata cataloguing services. A metadata persistent identifier (PID) was also added to the Keywords section of this record to follow USGS Fundamental Science Practices (FSP).
        Process_Date: 20240814
        Process_Contact:
          Contact_Information:
            Contact_Organization_Primary:
              Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
              Contact_Person: USGS SPCMSC Data Management
            Contact_Address:
              Address_Type: mailing and physical
              Address: 600 4th Street South
              City: Saint Petersburg
              State_or_Province: FL
              Postal_Code: 33701
            Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
            Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov
  Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
    Detailed_Description:
      Entity_Type:
        Entity_Type_Label: 1D_variation_results.nc
        Entity_Type_Definition: None
        Entity_Type_Definition_Source: None
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: eps
        Attribute_Definition: The series of observation scales used to determine the average variations in elevation extremes.
        Attribute_Definition_Source: Dubuc, B., Quiniou, J.F., Roques-Carmes, C., Tricot, C., and Zucker, S.W., 1989a, Evaluating the fractal dimension of profiles: Physical Review A, v. 39, no. 3, p. 1500-1512.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 100
            Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: rows
        Attribute_Definition: Labels for the rows of the grid used to subdivide the study site.
        Attribute_Definition_Source: Zawada, D.G., Piniak, G.A., and Hearn, C.J., 2010, Topographic complexity and roughness of a tropical benthic seascape: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 37, 6 p., accessed October 14, 2010, at https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL043789.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 12
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: columns
        Attribute_Definition: Labels for the columns of the grid used to subdivide the study site.
        Attribute_Definition_Source: Zawada, D.G., Piniak, G.A., and Hearn, C.J., 2010, Topographic complexity and roughness of a tropical benthic seascape: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 37, 6 p., accessed October 14, 2010, at https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL043789.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: A
            Range_Domain_Maximum: I
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: angles
        Attribute_Definition: Angular orientation of the transects extracted from a given grid cell.
        Attribute_Definition_Source: Zawada, D.G., Piniak, G.A., and Hearn, C.J., 2010, Topographic complexity and roughness of a tropical benthic seascape: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 37, 6 p., accessed October 14, 2010, at https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL043789.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 345
            Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Degrees
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: avg_variations
        Attribute_Definition: Average variations in elevation extremes as a function of the observation scale, eps.
        Attribute_Definition_Source: Dubuc, B., Quiniou, J.F., Roques-Carmes, C., Tricot, C., and Zucker, S.W., 1989a, Evaluating the fractal dimension of profiles: Physical Review A, v. 39, no. 3, p. 1500-1512.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.047
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 25.44
            Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters
      Attribute:
        Attribute_Label: fractal_dims
        Attribute_Definition: Fractal dimension estimates for the transects in each grid cell.
        Attribute_Definition_Source: Zawada, D.G., Piniak, G.A., and Hearn, C.J., 2010, Topographic complexity and roughness of a tropical benthic seascape: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 37, 6 p., accessed October 14, 2010, at https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL043789.
        Attribute_Domain_Values:
          Range_Domain:
            Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.0
            Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.7
    Overview_Description:
      Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Fractal computations were performed by the USGS along transects extracted from the Navassa Island digital elevation model (DEM) using the Variation Method of Dubuc and others. (1989).  Algorithm implementation details are presented in Zawada and Brock (2009) and Zawada and others. (2010).  Transect analyses involved dividing the DEM into a set of non-overlapping tiles that were 440 x 440 m in size, which created a matrix with 12 rows and 9 columns. For each tile, a series of transects was extracted in a radial pattern emanating from the center in 15° increments.  Results from the Variation Method and the corresponding fractal dimension for each transect are available in the netCDF file 1D_variation_results.nc.
      Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Dubuc, B., Quiniou, J.F., Roques-Carmes, C., Tricot, C., and Zucker, S.W., 1989a, Evaluating the fractal dimension of profiles: Physical Review A, v. 39, no. 3, p. 1500-1512. Zawada, D.G., and Brock, J.C., 2009, A multiscale analysis of coral reef topographic complexity using Lidar-derived bathymetry: Journal of Coastal Research, SI (53), p. 6-15. (Also available at https://doi.org/10.2112/SI53-002.1)
  Distribution_Information:
    Distributor:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Organization_Primary:
          Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
          Contact_Person: USGS SPCMSC Data Management
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: mailing and physical
          Address: 600 4th Street South
          City: Saint Petersburg
          State_or_Province: FL
          Postal_Code: 33701
          Country: United States
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov
    Resource_Description: 1D_variation_results.nc
    Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these results have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of these results on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of these results described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
    Standard_Order_Process:
      Digital_Form:
        Digital_Transfer_Information:
          Format_Name: netCDF
        Digital_Transfer_Option:
          Online_Option:
            Computer_Contact_Information:
              Network_Address:
                Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/592/1D_variation_results.nc
      Fees: None
  Metadata_Reference_Information:
    Metadata_Date: 20240814
    Metadata_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Organization_Primary:
          Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
          Contact_Person: USGS SPCMSC Data Management
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: mailing and physical
          Address: 600 4th Street South
          City: Saint Petersburg
          State_or_Province: FL
          Postal_Code: 33701
          Country: United States
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov
    Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
    Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998