Joseph F. Terrano
Kathryn E.L. Smith
20160718
Shapefile of Historical New Jersey Shoreline Data Derived from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 1839-1875 T-Sheets
Vector Digital Data Set (Polyline)
U.S. Geological Survey Data Release
doi:10.5066/F7KH0KFX
St. Petersburg, FL
U.S. Geological Survey
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7KH0KFX/
Historical shoreline surveys were conducted by the National Ocean Service (NOS), dating back to the early 1800s. The maps resulting from these surveys, often called t-sheets, provide a reference of historical shoreline position that can be compared to modern data to identify shoreline change. The t-sheets are stored at the National Archives and many have been scanned by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and are available on the NOAA Shoreline Web site (http://www.shoreline.noaa.gov/data/datasheets/t-sheets.html). While some scanned t-sheets were georeferenced and digitized by NOAA, still others remain as non-georeferenced raster files (http://nosimagery.noaa.gov/images/shoreline_surveys/survey_scans/NOAA_Shoreline_Survey_Scans.html).
New_Jersey_1839_75_Digitized_Shoreline.zip features a digitized historic shoreline for the New Jersey coastline from 1839 to 1875. The data were scanned by NOAA, but were not georeferenced. The t-sheets included in this data release are: T-121 (1839), T-119 Part 1 (1841), T-1084 (1868), T-1166 (1870), T-1333 (1871), T-1315a (1872), T-1371 (1874), T-1407 (1875). Digital files were georeferenced, corrected to a modern datum, and shorelines digitized to provide a vector polyline depicting the historical shoreline position. All shorelines, including the foreshore, backshore, mainland and island shorelines were delineated and digitized for each survey using ArcMap 10.3.1. These shorelines were digitized for use in long-term shoreline and wetland analyses for Hurricane Sandy wetland physical change assessment.
Shoreline data are considered a crucial element in performing change analysis for erosion and accretion studies and for tracking shoreline movement over time. T-Sheets were downloaded, georeferenced and digitized to document the short and long-term changes of select study areas along the New Jersey coastline. Digitized shorelines from the t-sheets provide an accurate and measurable change in shape, area, and shoreline movement over short- and long- term periods.
18390101
18750101
ground condition
As needed
-74.525620272
-74.041838758
40.072202935
39.315238553
USGS Metadata Identifier
USGS:68368947-d712-4ca9-907f-a665567a18bc
None
t-sheet
Coastal
Shoreline data
Shoreline map
Digitization
Georeferenced
Topographic sheet
ISO 19115 Topic Category
Oceans
Environment
Boundaries
GeoscientificInformation
None
NJ
Barnegat Bay
Atlantic Ocean
New Jersey
USA
Manahawkin Bay
Little Egg Harbor
Great Bay
Little Bay
Reed Bay
Absecon Bay
None
The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of the data in future products or derivative research.
U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center
Joseph F. Terrano
Researcher I
Mailing and Physical
600 4Th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-502-8047
727-502-8182
jterrano@usgs.gov
Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.
Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1 (Build 4959) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A)
No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted.
Digitized shorelines were checked to ensure they were one continuous line, with the exception of the 1839 and 1841 shorelines. The 1839 and 1841 shorelines were earlier dates than surrounding shorelines (1866-75), so they were not connected and were left “as is”, with some overlap of the shoreline positions to ensure no gaps were present. The remaining shorelines were checked for dangles (or extra line segments), which were removed, when necessary. The shorelines were split into foreshore, backshore, mainland, and islands based on a visual assessment. Small islands and creeks were not digitized as they were not necessary for this study. Larger creeks and rivers were digitized as much as necessary to ensure a complete shoreline for later use within shoreline change programs.
Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the dataset has not been conducted.
A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the dataset has either not been conducted, or is not applicable.
United States Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Geodetic Survey (NGS)
20141020
Non-georeferenced NOAA Shoreline Survey Scans (t-sheets and tp-sheets)
Raster Digital Data Set
http://nosimagery.noaa.gov/images/shoreline_surveys/survey_scans/NOAA_Shoreline_Survey_Scans.html
1500
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
18390101
18750101
ground condition
New Jersey t-sheets
T-sheets were used to identify the shoreline location for shoreline delineation and digitization.
Hapke, C.J., Himmelstoss, E.A., Kratzmann, M., List, J.H., and Thieler, E.R.
2010
National Assessment of Shoreline Change: Historical Shoreline Change along the New England and Mid-Atlantic Coasts
U.S. Geological Survey open file report
2010-1118
U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1118/
Digital report in the Portable Document Format (PDF)
1844
2006
Ground Condition
Hapke and others (2010)
Report contains values representing the shoreline position uncertainty associated with the t-sheets, that was used in the shoreline change statistical computations.
T-sheet maps created for the New Jersey coastline from 1839 to 1875 were downloaded from the NOAA shoreline website as non-georeferenced t-sheets. Downloaded t-sheets include: T-121 (1839), T-119 Part 1 (1841), T-1084 (1868), T-1166 (1870), T-1333 (1871), T-1315a (1872), T-1371 (1874), T-1407 (1875). Since T-1315b was not available T-119 Part 1 and T-121 were used to fill in the missing area. The t-sheets were projected into "NAD_1983_StatePlane_New_Jersey_FIPS_2900_Feet" as determined by using metadata provided with georeferenced New Jersey 1915 t-sheets that was previously completed by NOAA. The t-sheets were then reprojected into the North American Datum of 1927 for georeferencing. Each t-sheet was georeferenced on a case by case basis, see "Notes" field in the attribute table for more information.
To digitize the shorelines, the georeferenced t-sheets were added to ArcMap 10.3.1. Using the ArcMap editor toolbar, the foreshore, backshore, mainland and islands were digitized based on a visual assessment of shoreline locations within the imagery at a scale of 1:1500. For consistency, small islands and creeks were not digitized, since they were not necessary for the shoreline change analysis. In addition, the following fields were added to the shoreline’s attribute table and calculated as necessary: "T_Sheet" (Text/25), "Year" (Text/10), "Shoreline_Location" (Text/50), "DATE_" (Text/25), "Accuracy" (Double), and "Notes" (Text/500).
20160609
Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.
20201013
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
Vector
String
304
Universal Transverse Mercator
18
0.9996
-75.0
0.0
500000.0
0.0
coordinate pair
0.6096
0.6096
Meter
D_North_American_1983
GRS_1980
6378137.0
298.257222101
Attribute Table
Table containing attribute information associated with the data set.
Producer defined
T_Sheet
Topographic sheet used to delineate and digitize the shoreline.
USGS
Topographic sheet number in the "T-####" format.
Year
4-digit year in which the imagery was collected.
USGS
1839
1875
Shoreline_
Shoreline classification used to separate foreshore, backshore, mainland, and island shorelines.
USGS
Shorelines classified as "Foreshore", "Backshore", "Mainland", and "Island" based on a visual assessment.
Date_
DDate imagery was collected for Breton Island using the "MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM:SS" format. If no month and day were available, 01/01 was used.
USGS
01/01/1839 12:00:00 AM
01/01/1875 12:00:00 AM
Accuracy
A value representing the shoreline position uncertainty associated with the imagery type, t-sheets, that was used in the shoreline change statistical computations reported by Hapke and others (2010).
USGS
11.7
Uncertainty of the shoreline position, in meters, for t-sheet shorelines.
USGS
Notes
Additional information about the processing steps, describing how the t-sheet was georeferenced, shifted (if necessary), and digitized.
USGS
Information about the attributes.
SHAPE_Leng
System-generated attribute field, which was automatically created by ArcGIS to indicate the feature length.
Esri
22.915806099
56614.6934502
The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the dataset. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the dataset.
The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information.
U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center
Joseph F. Terrano
Researcher I
Mailing and Physical
600 4Th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-502-8047
727-502-8182
jterrano@usgs.gov
This digital publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
ArcGIS shapefile (Vector Digital Polyline Data)
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7KH0KFX/data/New_Jersey_1839_75_Shoreline.zip
None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the dataset.
20201013
Joseph F. Terrano
U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center
Researcher I
Mailing and Physical
600 4Th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-502-8047
727-502-8182
jterrano@usgs.gov
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.