Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Joseph F. Terrano Originator: Kathryn E.L. Smith Originator: Jonathan L. Pitchford Originator: Michael Archer Originator: Michael Brochard Publication_Date: 20210723 Title: Point based shorelines derived from global positioning system data with nearest WorldView shoreline distance for the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in Mississippi from 2013-2020 Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set (Point) Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Joseph F. Terrano Originator: Kathryn E.L. Smith Originator: Jonathan L. Pitchford Originator: Michael Archer Originator: Michael Brochard Publication_Date: 20210723 Title: Shorelines from High-resolution WorldView Satellite Imagery, Real-time Kinematic Global Positioning Data, and Aerial Imagery for 2013 to 2020 for Study Sites Within Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Mississippi Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P9W8TNQM Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9W8TNQM Description: Abstract: Shoreline change analysis is an important environmental monitoring tool for evaluating coastal exposure to erosion hazards, particularly for vulnerable habitats such as coastal wetlands where habitat loss is problematic world-wide. The increasing availability of high-resolution satellite imagery and emerging developments in analysis techniques support the implementation of these data into coastal management, including shoreline monitoring and change analysis. Geospatial shoreline data were created from a semi-automated methodology using WorldView (WV) satellite data between 2013 and 2020. The data were compared to contemporaneous field-surveyed Real-time Kinematic (RTK) Global Positioning System (GPS) data collected by the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve (GBNERR) and digitized shorelines from U.S. Department of Agriculture National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) orthophotos. Field data for shoreline monitoring sites was also collected to aid interpretation of results. This data release contains digital vector shorelines, shoreline change calculations for all three remote sensing data sets, and field surveyed data. The data will aid managers and decision-makers in the adoption of high-resolution satellite imagery into shoreline monitoring activities, which will increase the spatial scale of shoreline change monitoring, provide rapid response to evaluate impacts of coastal erosion, and reduce cost of labor-intensive practices. For further information regarding data collection and/or processing methods, refer to the associated journal article (Smith and others, 2021). Purpose: This dataset contains GPS points used to derive shorelines. The purpose of these data is for the calculation of shoreline change for marsh shorelines of the GBNERR from 2013-2020. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20130919 Ending_Date: 20201113 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.465006 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.391954 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.387815 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.325960 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:3cc7c8f2-8cb0-474f-994c-5827a4e85e9b Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: shoreline data Theme_Keyword: shoreline map Theme_Keyword: global positioning system Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: digitization Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: boundaries Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: USA Place_Keyword: Mississippi Place_Keyword: MS Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of the data in future products or derivative research. This metadata record should be reviewed in its entirety to ensure specific data are suitable for other studies. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Joseph F. Terrano Contact_Position: Researcher III Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8047 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jterrano@contractor.usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1909 (Build 18363.1441); Esri ArcGIS 10.5.1 (Build 7333) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Smith, K.E.L., Terrano, J.F., Pitchford, J.L., Archer, M. Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Coastal wetland shoreline change monitoring: A comparison of shorelines from high-resolution WorldView satellite imagery, aerial imagery, and field surveys Series_Information: Series_Name: Special Issue; New Insights into Ecosystem Monitoring Using Geospatial Techniques Issue_Identification: Unknown Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Basel, Switzerland Publisher: MDPI; Remote Sensing Other_Citation_Details: Associated journal article with additional methodology, data analysis, and results. Online_Linkage: Unknown Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Logical_Consistency_Report: Vector shoreline features and attributes were checked for completeness and accuracy. GPS elevation data for 2013, 2014, and 2015 was excluded due to uncertainty with data units. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented. GPS point data do not have complete coverage over the entire study area. GPS shorelines were only collected at specific sites as points. Shoreline collection length was estimated by each researcher, so shorelines from one date to the next might have some variation in the start location, end location, and number of points. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the dataset has not been conducted. Elevation and water levels were not addressed in this study. While elevation data was collected and is provided with this data, it was not used to correct other data in this study. Elevation data for 2013, 2014, and 2015 were excluded from the published files due to issues with the elevation data units and are represented as -9999. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Several factors may influence the accuracy and uncertainty of shoreline position for vegetated shorelines, such as water level. Water level at the time of imagery collection was not taken into account when deriving shorelines. Published general uncertainty estimates for shorelines were used for all shorelines in this study based on the data source (satellite derived, aerial imagery, GPS). The GPS also has potential variations in shoreline positions from other published data due to variations in what the GPS data collection user interpreted as the shoreline. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Jonathan L. Pichford, Michael Archer, and Michael Brochard Publication_Date: 20210723 Title: Historical GPS Shorelines of the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve from 2013 to 2020 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St Petersburg, Florida Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Shorelines were published with permission from the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. Data are published as both points and lines. Data contact for all GBNERR shorelines and GPS data is Jonathan Pitchford (jonathan.pitchford@dmr.ms.gov). Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9W8TNQM Type_of_Source_Media: digital data Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20130919 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20141117 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20150611 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20160512 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20170501 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20170814 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20171108 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20180509 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20190619 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20201113 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: GPS_pts_with_near_dist_2013_2020.shp Source_Contribution: GPS shoreline point data was provided by the GBNERR staff and published as part of this study as both GPS points and lines (https://doi.org/10.5066/P9W8TNQM). Process_Step: Process_Description: From 2013 to 2020, coastal managers’ survey shoreline positions using Real-time Kinematic (RTK) GPS at eleven locations in GBNERR. Data were collected in the Mississippi State plane coordinate system and elevations in North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). Coordinates were converted to the North American Datum of 1983-Universal Transverse Mercator Zone 16N (NAD83 UTM 16N) using the ArcGIS "Reproject" tool. GPS data were collected using a Trimble R8 Model 3 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and TSC3 data collector from 2013 to 2018, or a Trimble R10 GNSS system and TSC3 data collector from 2018 to 2020. Each were attached onto a 2-meter (m) graphite rod with a mounted foot to obtain both horizontal and vertical shoreline position. The positional accuracy of Trimble R8 Model 3 GPS points was ± 10 millimeters (mm) + 1 parts per million (ppm) root mean square (RMS) horizontal error and ± 20 mm + 1 ppm RMS vertical error. The horizontal error of the Trimble R10 GPS points was ± 8 mm + 0.5 ppm RMS and vertical error was ± 15 mm + 0.5 ppm RMS. The points were collected roughly 5 to 10 meters apart along the vegetation-water boundary, which typically represented the top of an erosional scarp. In instances where an erosional scarp was not visible, the most suitable shoreline position based on dense shoreline vegetation is mapped. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Vectorized GPS point-based shorelines for 2013-2020. Process_Date: 2021 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jonathan L. Pitchford Contact_Position: Stewardship Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 6005 Bayou Heron Road City: Moss Point State_or_Province: MS Postal_Code: 39562 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 228-523-4009 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jonathan.pitchford@dmr.ms.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: GPS points were processed and turned into an ArcGIS shapefile using ArcGIS 10.5.1. Values were checked for accuracy. During data post processing the units used to collect elevation in 2013, 2014, and 2015 were not able to be determined, so these dates were excluded from the published data. A WorldView derived shoreline and GPS points from a date close to the WorldView were added to ArcMap. The "Near (Analysis)" tool was used to calculate the closest distance between each GPS point and the WorldView shoreline. All GPS points were merged into one shapefile, using the ArcGIS "Merge" tool, for further analysis. Process_Date: 2021 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Joseph F. Terrano Contact_Position: Researcher III Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St.Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8047 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jterrano@contractor.usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 4608 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 16 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -87.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.6096 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.6096 Planar_Distance_Units: Meter Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_North_American_1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS_1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: GPS_points_with_near_dist_2013_2020.shp Entity_Type_Definition: Attribute table of the shapefile containing attribute information associated with the 2013 to 2020 Grand Bay MS GPS point-based shorelines with nearest WorldView shoreline distance. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Northing Attribute_Definition: GPS northing in NAD83 UTM 16N. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 359247.467176 Range_Domain_Maximum: 366184.762723 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Easting Attribute_Definition: GPS easting in NAD83 UTM 16N. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 3355813.44084 Range_Domain_Maximum: 3362582.56283 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Elevation Attribute_Definition: Elevation of each GPS point in meters relative to North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). -9999 represents null values. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -9999 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.97944 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Elevation in meters relative to North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date Attribute_Definition: Date GPS data was collected in the YYYYMMDD format. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 20130919 Range_Domain_Maximum: 20201113 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Site Attribute_Definition: Site the GPS data was collected at. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: BHM Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Site at Bayou Heron Mouth. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: GBNERR Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: MBN Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Site at Middle Bay North. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: GBNERR Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: MBS Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Site at Middle Bay South. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: GBNERR Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: MBW Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Site at Middle Bay West. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: GBNERR Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: GBE Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Site at Grand Battures East. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: GBNERR Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: BSI Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Site at Bird Island. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: GBNERR Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: SPAL Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Site at North Jose Bay. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: GBNERR Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: MET Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Site at meterological station island. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: GBNERR Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: PACN Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Site at Point aux Chenes North. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: GBNERR Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: PACM Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Site at Point aux Chenes Middle. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: GBNERR Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: PACS Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Site at Point aux Chenes South. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: GBNERR Attribute: Attribute_Label: NEAR_DIST Attribute_Definition: Closest distance between each GPS point and corresponding WorldView shoreline. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.000274 Range_Domain_Maximum: 20.92421 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Joseph F. Terrano Contact_Position: Researcher III Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8047 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jterrano@contractor.usgs.gov Resource_Description: GPS_points_with_near_dist_2013_2020.shp Distribution_Liability: This digital publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Shapefile Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9W8TNQM/data/GPS_pts_with_near_dist_2013_2020.zip Fees: None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the dataset. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20210721 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Joseph F. Terrano Contact_Position: Researcher III Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8047 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jterrano@contractor.usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time