Projected Seafloor Elevation Change and Relative Sea Level Rise Near St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands 25, 50, 75, and 100 Years from 2014

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Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kimberly K. Yates
Originator: Zachery W. Fehr
Publication_Date: 20220321
Title:
Projected Seafloor Elevation Change and Relative Sea Level Rise Near St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands 25, 50, 75, and 100 Years from 2014
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Tabular and vector digital data
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kimberly K. Yates
Originator: Zachery W. Fehr
Publication_Date: 20220321
Title:
Projected Seafloor Elevation Change and Relative Sea Level Rise Near St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands 25, 50, 75, and 100 Years from 2014
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data release
Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P9ZPZXKF
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida
Publisher:
U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ZPZXKF
Description:
Abstract:
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center conducted research to quantify bathymetric changes near Buck Island and St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Changes in seafloor elevation were calculated using historical bathymetric point data from the 1980s (see Yates and others, 2017a) and light detection and ranging (lidar)-derived data acquired in 2014 (NOAA, 2015) using methods outlined in Yates and others (2017b). An elevation change analysis between the 1980s and 2014 data was performed to quantify and map historical impacts to seafloor elevation and to determine elevation-change statistics for 12 habitat types found near St. Croix. Annual elevation-change rates were calculated for each elevation-change data point. Seafloor elevation-change near St. Croix was projected 25, 50, 75 and 100 years from 2014 using these historical annual rates of elevation change. Water depth was projected 25, 50, 75 and 100 years from 2014 using historical rates of annual elevation change plus 2014 local sea level rise (SLR) data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
Purpose:
These data were used to generate projected elevation-change and water depth values surrounding St. Croix, Virgin Islands for twelve habitat types located within the study area.
Supplemental_Information:
Elevation measurements were collected over St. Croix and St. Thomas using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) system, a pulsed laser ranging system mounted onboard an aircraft to measure ground elevation, vegetation canopy, and coastal topography. The system uses high-frequency laser beams directed at the Earth's surface through an opening in the bottom of the aircraft's fuselage. The laser system records the time difference between emission of the laser beam and the reception of the reflected laser signal in the aircraft. For more information, see the NOAA metadata file available at, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/48140. Relative sea level rise (RSLR) trend data were retrieved from the NOAA Tides and Currents portal via Station 9751401 at Lime Tree Bay, Virgin Islands (NOAA, 2020).
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1981
Ending_Date: 2114
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -64.649510
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -64.429511
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 17.840630
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 17.749476
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:ce0e3db0-aa82-4c8b-a841-d14e4a06482f
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme_Keyword: elevation
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: marine geology
Theme_Keyword: sea-floor characteristics
Theme_Keyword: sea-level change
Theme_Keyword: reef ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: coelenterates
Theme_Keyword: lidar
Theme_Keyword: digital elevation models
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: seafloor elevation
Theme_Keyword: sea level rise
Theme_Keyword: seafloor accretion
Theme_Keyword: seafloor erosion
Theme_Keyword: elevation change
Theme_Keyword: altimetry
Theme_Keyword: submerged topography
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science
Theme_Keyword:
EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > WATER DEPTH
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > COASTAL ELEVATION
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > CORAL REEFS
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > EROSION
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > SEA LEVEL RISE
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD Providers
Theme_Keyword:
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES-U.S. FEDERAL AGENCIES > DOI > USGS > DOI/USGS/CMG > COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD Instrument
Theme_Keyword:
EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS > ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING > PROFILERS/SOUNDERS > LIDAR/LASER SOUNDERS >LIDAR > LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword: Saint Croix
Place_Keyword: Buck Island
Place_Keyword: United States Virgin Islands
Place_Keyword: Caribbean Sea
Stratum:
Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Stratum_Keyword: submerged
Stratum_Keyword: seafloor
Temporal:
Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Temporal_Keyword: 1981-2114
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Kimberly K. Yates
Contact_Organization: Southeast Region: ST. PETE COASTAL & MARINE SC
Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 600 4Th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8059
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kyates@usgs.gov
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Data were created, edited and/or processed using ArcMap 10.7 and Microsoft Excel 2016.
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Yates, Kimberly K.
Originator: Zawada, David G.
Originator: Smiley, Nathan A.
Originator: Tiling-Range, Ginger
Originator: Resnick, Jessica P.
Publication_Date: 20170308
Title:
Seafloor elevation change in Maui, St. Croix, St. Thomas, and the Florida Keys
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data release
Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F7WQ01W0
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida
Publisher:
U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Other_Citation_Details: 2017a
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7WQ01W0
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Yates, Kimberly K.
Originator: Zawada, David G.
Originator: Smiley, Nathan A.
Originator: Tiling-Range, Ginger
Publication_Date: 20170420
Title:
Divergence of seafloor elevation and sea level rise in coral reef ecosystems
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Munich, Germany
Publisher: Biogeosciences
Other_Citation_Details: 2017b
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1739-2017
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Zieg, Jonathan A.
Originator: Zawada, David G.
Publication_Date: 20210211
Title: Seafloor elevation change analysis tool
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida
Publisher: U. S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D5UUZ0
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM)
Publication_Date: 20150725
Title:
EAARL-B submerged topography - Saint Croix and Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, 2014
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Charleston, South Carolina
Publisher: NOAA
Online_Linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/48140
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: NOAA Tides & Currents
Publication_Date: 20200801
Title: Lime Tree Bay, VI - station ID: 9751401
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Washington, D.C.
Publisher: NOAA
Online_Linkage: https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/stationhome.html?id=9751401
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: NOAA National Ocean Service (NOS)
Publication_Date: 20010319
Title: Polygon shapefiles - St Croix
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Charleston, South Carolina
Publisher: NOAA Coastal Services Center
Online_Linkage:
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Digital elevation maps were visually inspected by cross-checking them with other contemporary, overlapping datasets such as satellite and airborne imagery and/or other digital elevation maps in Esri ArcGIS for identification of anomalous elevations or data inconsistencies.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Data cover the area specified for this project, without any known issues.
Completeness_Report:
This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract section. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record and Yates and others (2017b) for additional details.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Raw elevation measurements have been determined to be within 1 meter (m) in horizontal accuracy.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
The nominal vertical elevation accuracy expressed as the root mean square error (RMSE) for the point elevation data is 13.5 centimeters (cm).
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 1: Seafloor elevation change analyses were performed using methods described in Yates and others (2017b). The STC_ElevationChange.csv file was downloaded from Yates and others (2017a) data release and was imported into ArcMap 10.7 to create a point shapefile named STC_SeafloorElevationChangePoints.shp. Original column headers in the .csv data were too long for shapefile attribute names, so attributes were either renamed or deleted if not required. The historical sounding elevation data corrected for SLR, 2014 lidar elevation data, longitude, latitude, and hydrographic sheet information attributes were renamed to HistE_SLRc, 2014_elev, POINT_X, POINT_Y, and Survey, respectively. A new attribute was added to this shapefile and named 'Rate' and values were populated in the field by using the Field Calculator and the following expression: Rate = [Diff_m]/(2014-[Year]), where [Diff_m] is the elevation difference between the historical hydrographic data and modern lidar data and [Year] is the attribute value containing the hydrographic survey collection year.
Process_Date: 2020
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 2: The habitat shapefile used in this analysis was downloaded from NOAA's National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science Data Collection site (NOAA, 2001). The original shapefile, stc_fin.shp, was renamed to STC_Habitat.shp. The elevation-change dataset extended beyond the bounds of the available habitat data. An additional polygon was incorporated into the shapefile during an edit session to account for this discrepancy. The additional polygon was given the 'Unclassified' habitat class in the 'TYPE' attribute field. The 'TYPE' attribute was used in this analysis, which had the most similar definition to other US coral reef habitat maps. The habitat shapefile was then exported as STC_Habitat_UnclassifiedAdded.shp. Further information on the attributes and their definitions can be found in the DataDictionary_HabitatTypes_STC.pdf file in the STC_HabitatShapefile.zip download file
Process_Date: 2020
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 3: Additional fields were added to the attribute table to represent projected elevations (N_e) based on elevation change rates, projected elevation change (N_e_diff) based on N_e elevations, projected water depth (N_WDepth) after accounting for RSLR and projected elevation change, and relative sea level rise (N_RSLR) based on NOAA SLR rates and projected elevation change rates, where N represents the number of years projected from the collection date of the most recent bathymetry used in the analysis: 25_e, 50_e, 75_e, 100_e, 25_e_diff, 50_e_diff, 75_e_diff, 100_e_diff, 25_WDepth, 50_WDepth, 75_WDepth, 100_WDepth, 25_RSLR, 50_RSLR, 75_RSLR, and 100_RSLR. The Field Calculator was used to populate values for each of these attributes using the following equations: N_e = [2014_elev]+(N*[Rate]), N_e_diff = [N_e]-[2014_elev], N_WDepth = Abs([2014_elev]+(N*[Rate]))+(N*0.00229), and N_RSLR = (N*0.00229)–[N_e_diff]. The shapefile was then exported as STC_ProjectedElevationChangePoints_25yr_50yr_75yr_and_100yr_from_2014.shp. Further information on the attributes and their definitions can be found in the DataDictionary_Shapefile_STC.pdf file in the STC_ProjectedElevationChangePoints_25yr_50yr_75yr_and_100yr_from_2014.zip download file.
Process_Date: 2020
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 4: A visual inspection of the projected elevation change data and comparison to existing aerial imagery was conducted and erroneous elevation change points were removed using methods of Yates et al., 2017b. Additional points were identified for visual inspection and potential removal using the select features tool and a demarcating Rate value of +/- 0.20 m per year in ArcMap 10.7. Any point that was subaerial at the 100-year water depth projection (100_WDepth) was also selected and removed. These points were assumed to be due to substantial sediment transport events such as landslides and slumps that occur on these dynamic shorelines. Satellite imagery and topographic maps from various time periods were used in determining likely landslide and slump activity at these points.
Process_Date: 2020
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 5: Elevation change statistics were determined for each habitat type using the XYZ points from the STC_ProjectedElevationChangePoints_25yr_50yr_75yr_and_100yr_from_2014.shp shapefile. The "Select Layer by Location (Data Management)" tool was used to extract points within or on the boundary of a specific habitat type by using the following parameters: Input Feature Layer: STC_ProjectedElevationChangePoints_25yr_50yr_75yr_and_100yr_from_2014.shp shapefile; Relationship: INTERSECT; Selecting Features: STC_Habitat_UnclassifiedAdded.shp shapefile; Search Distance: left blank; and Selection type: NEW_SELECTION. The Seafloor Elevation Change Analysis Tool (SECAT) was created to automate the process, since these steps had to be repeated for 12 habitat types under 5 different scenarios: one between historical hydrographic data and contemporary lidar data (diff_m), and one for each N_e_diff attribute. Elevation change statistics were compiled by habitat type into the following comma-separated values (CSV) files: STC_Historical.csv, STC_25e.csv, STC_50e.csv, STC_75e.csv, and STC_100e.csv. Entries that do not have a large enough sample size to compute statistics display "N/A" in the associated cell. These statistics can be found in STC_ProjectedSECAT.zip. For more information on SECAT and its capabilities see Zieg and Zawada (2021). Further information on the attributes and their definitions can be found in the DataDictionary_HabitatTypes_STC.pdf and DataDictionary_ElevationChangeAnalysis_STC.pdf files in the STC_ProjectedSECAT.zip download file.
Process_Date: 2020
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 6: Maps were rendered for each projected change attribute calculated in Step 3. Maps appended in ‘N_e_diff' depict projected elevation change at each point N years into the future. Projected RSLR maps that consider projected elevation change analyses were developed using separate symbology palettes and were appended ‘N_RSLR,’ respectively. All maps are available within the STC_ProjectionMaps.zip download file.
Process_Date: 2020
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number: 20
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -63.0
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
False_Easting: 500000.0
False_Northing: 0.0
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 0.6096
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.6096
Planar_Distance_Units: METERS
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: GRS_1980
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101
Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Altitude_System_Definition:
Altitude_Datum_Name: Virgin Islands Vertical Datum of 2009
Altitude_Resolution: 0.2
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Altitude_Encoding_Method:
Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
The detailed attribute descriptions for the elevation change data, projected elevation change analysis, and habitat definitions are provided in the included data dictionaries (DataDictionary_Shapefile_STC.pdf, DataDictionary_HabitatTypes_STC.pdf, and DataDictionary_ElevationChangeAnalysis_STC.pdf). These metadata are not complete without these files.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information.
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Kimberly K. Yates
Contact_Organization: Southeast Region: ST. PETE COASTAL & MARINE SC
Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 600 4Th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8059
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kyates@usgs.gov
Distribution_Liability:
Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: shapefile, comma-delimited text, Portable Document Format, JPEG
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Fees: None
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20220321
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Kimberly K. Yates
Contact_Organization: Southeast Region: ST. PETE COASTAL & MARINE SC
Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 600 4Th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8059
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kyates@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

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