Seafloor Elevation Change From 2017 to 2018 at a Subsection of Crocker Reef, Florida Keys-Impacts from Hurricane Irma

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Seafloor Elevation Change From 2017 to 2018 at a Subsection of Crocker Reef, Florida Keys-Impacts from Hurricane Irma
Abstract:
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center conducted research to quantify bathymetric changes at a subsection of Crocker Reef near Islamorada, Florida (FL), within a 6.1 square-kilometer area following the landfall of Hurricane Irma in September 2017. USGS staff used USGS multibeam data collected between October 10 and December 8, 2017 (Fredericks and others, 2019) and March 8-15, 2018 (Fredericks and others, 2019) to assess changes in seafloor elevation and structure in the months following the passage of Hurricane Irma. An elevation change analysis between the 2017 and 2018 USGS multibeam data was performed to quantify and map impacts to seafloor elevations and to determine elevation and volume change statistics for seven habitat types found within a subsection of Crocker Reef, FL.
Supplemental_Information:
Data collection of the 2017 multibeam bathymetry was completed across two separate time periods: the first leg operated from October 10 to October 28, 2017 and the second leg operated from December 5 to December 8, 2017. The 2018 multibeam bathymetry was collected in a single leg from March 8 to March 15, 2018. The multibeam data were collected using two Teledyne SeaBat T50-P multibeam echosounders, in a dual head configuration. Data were collected under Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary permit FKNMS-2016-068.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Yates, Kimberly K., Zawada, David G., Fehr, Zachery W., and Arsenault, Stephanie R., 20190722, Seafloor Elevation Change From 2017 to 2018 at a Subsection of Crocker Reef, Florida Keys-Impacts from Hurricane Irma: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/P94TY8CT, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Yates, Kimberly K., Zawada, David G., Smiley, Nathan A., and Tiling-Range, Ginger, 20170420, Divergence of seafloor elevation and sea level rise in coral reef ecosystems: Biogeosciences, Munich, Germany.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.55353627
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.51198579
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.92085740
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.89135910
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 10-Oct-2017
    Ending_Date: 15-Mar-2018
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Multimedia presentation
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Entity Point (1525339)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 17
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -81.0
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
      False_Easting: 500000.0
      False_Northing: 0.0
      Planar coordinates are encoded using coordinate pair
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.6096
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.6096
      Planar coordinates are specified in METERS
      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983 National Spatial Reference System (2007).
      The ellipsoid used is GRS 1980.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222.
      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) GEOID12B
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.2
      Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
      Altitude_Encoding_Method:
      Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    SubsectionCrockerReef_Elevation_Statistics.csv
    Elevation change by habitat type at Crocker Reef, FL, from 2017 to 2018. (Source: USGS)
    Habitat types in Crocker Reef study site
    The habitat types found in the Crocker Reef study site. Habitat types are defined by the Unified Florida Reef Tract Map Version 2.0 and based on the Unified Classification (UC) system Class Level 2. (Source: Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC))
    ValueDefinition
    Total study siteThe total Crocker Reef study site, includes 7 habitat types.
    Aggregate reefAggregate reef larger than 1 hectare (ha), contiguous reef, lacking sand channels.
    Individual or aggregated patch reefPatch reefs smaller than 1 ha, isolated reefs often with distinct halo or reef features covering >10% of the area.
    Likely unconsolidated sedimentLikely unconsolidated sediment determined by visual assessment of digital elevation models.
    PavementContiguous to patchy pavement, lacking spur and groove channel formations.
    Pavement with sand channelsAlternating linear sand and pavement formations, perpendicular to reef crest.
    Seagrass discontinuousDiscontinuous seagrass beds.
    Unconsolidated sedimentUnconsolidated sediment.
    Total points (no.)
    The total number of points within or on the boundary of each Crocker Reef habitat type. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:5732
    Maximum:1525339
    Units:number of points
    Mean elevation change (m)
    Mean elevation change per habitat type in the Crocker Reef study site from 2017 to 2018, in meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.0155
    Maximum:0.0229
    Units:meters
    Mean elevation change SD (m)
    Standard deviation of the mean elevation change, in meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0569
    Maximum:0.2317
    Units:meters
    Accretion points (no.)
    The total number of accretion points within or on the boundary of each Crocker Reef habitat type. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3048
    Maximum:737477
    Units:number of points
    Max accretion (m)
    Maximum accretion per habitat type in the Crocker Reef study site from 2017 to 2018, in meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.572
    Maximum:3.5957
    Units:meters
    Min accretion (m)
    Minimum accretion per habitat type in the Crocker Reef study site from 2017 to 2018, in meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000001
    Maximum:0.000004
    Units:meters
    Mean accretion (m)
    Mean accretion per habitat type in the Crocker Reef study site from 2017 to 2018, in meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0383
    Maximum:0.1222
    Units:meters
    Mean accretion SD (m)
    Standard deviation of the mean accretion, in meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0325
    Maximum:0.1461
    Units:meters
    Erosion points (no.)
    The total number of erosion points within or on the boundary of each Crocker Reef habitat type. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2684
    Maximum:787862
    Units:number of points
    Max erosion (m)
    Maximum erosion per habitat type in the Crocker Reef study site from 2017 to 2018, in meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-5.7582
    Maximum:-0.6328
    Units:meters
    Min erosion (m)
    Minimum erosion per habitat type in the Crocker Reef study site from 2017 to 2018, in meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.00002
    Maximum:-0.000001
    Units:meters
    Mean erosion (m)
    Mean erosion per habitat type in the Crocker Reef study site from 2017 to 2018, in meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.1543
    Maximum:-0.0461
    Units:meters
    Mean erosion SD (m)
    Standard deviation of the mean erosion, in meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0383
    Maximum:0.222
    Units:meters
    SubsectionCrockerReef_Volume_Statistics.csv
    Volume Statistics by habitat type at Crocker Reef, FL, from 2017 to 2018. (Source: USGS)
    Habitat types in Crocker Reef study site
    The habitat types found in the Crocker Reef study site. Habitat types are defined by the Unified Florida Reef Tract Map Version 2.0 and based on the Unified Classification (UC) system Class Level 2. (Source: Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC))
    ValueDefinition
    Total study siteThe total Crocker Reef study site, includes 7 habitat types.
    Aggregate reefAggregate reef larger than 1 hectare (ha), contiguous reef, lacking sand channels.
    Individual or aggregated patch reefPatch reefs smaller than 1 ha, isolated reefs often with distinct halo or reef features covering >10% of the area.
    Likely unconsolidated sedimentLikely unconsolidated sediment determined by visual assessment of digital elevation models.
    PavementContiguous to patchy pavement, lacking spur and groove channel formations.
    Pavement with sand channelsAlternating linear sand and pavement formations, perpendicular to reef crest.
    Seagrass discontinuousDiscontinuous seagrass beds.
    Unconsolidated sedimentUnconsolidated sediment.
    Habitat area (km^2)
    Habitat areas, in kilometers (km) squared. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0229
    Maximum:6.0898
    Units:km^2
    Net erosion lower limit (10^6 m^3)
    Net erosion minimum volume per habitat, in millions of cubic meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0.0105
    Units:10^6 m^3
    Net erosion upper limit (10^6 m^3)
    Net erosion maximum volume per habitat, in millions of cubic meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0006
    Maximum:0.1764
    Units:10^6 m^3
    Net accretion lower limit (10^6 m^3)
    Net accretion minimum volume per habitat, in millions of cubic meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0.0057
    Units:10^6 m^3
    Net accretion upper limit (10^6 m^3)
    Net accretion maximum volume per habitat, in millions of cubic meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0008
    Maximum:0.1672
    Units:10^6 m^3
    Net volume change lower limit (10^6 m^3 study area^-1)
    Net volume change lower limit per habitat, in millions of cubic meters per habitat study area. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.005
    Maximum:0.0002
    Net volume change upper limit (10^6 m^3 study area^-1)
    Net volume change upper limit per habitat, in millions of cubic meters per habitat study area. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.0146
    Maximum:0.0048
    Units:10^6 m^3 study area^-1
    Area normalized volume change lower limit (10^6 m^3 km^-2)
    Area normalized volume change lower limit per habitat, in millions of cubic meters per km squared. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.0097
    Maximum:0.0005
    Units:10^6 m^3 km^-2
    Area normalized volume change upper limit (10^6 m^3 km^-2)
    Area normalized volume change upper limit per habitat, in millions of cubic meters per km squared. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.0154
    Maximum:0.0234
    Units:10^6 m^3 km^-2

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Kimberly K. Yates
    • David G. Zawada
    • Zachery W. Fehr
    • Stephanie R. Arsenault
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Kimberly K. Yates
    Southeast Region: ST. PETE COASTAL & MARINE SCIENCE CENTER
    Research Oceanographer
    600 4Th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    United States

    727-502-8059 (voice)
    kyates@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

These data were used to determine seafloor elevation and volume changes, from 2017 to 2018, at a subsection of Crocker Reef, FL.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    2017 Crocker Reef multibeam (source 1 of 3)
    Jake J. Fredericks, Billy J. Reynolds, Andrew S. Farmer, Kimberly K. Yates, and David G. Zawada, 20190610, Multibeam bathymetry Data Collected in October and December 2017 at Crocker Reef, the Florida Keys: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/P9EASN2O, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: bathymetry data
    Source_Contribution:
    The original multibeam data used to calculate elevation and volume change statistics for a subsection of Crocker Reef from 2017 to 2018.
    2018 Crocker Reef multibeam (source 2 of 3)
    Jake J. Fredericks, Andrew S. Farmer, Kimberly K. Yates, and David G. Zawada, 20190607, Multibeam Bathymetry Data Collected in March 2018 at Crocker Reef, the Florida Keys: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/P93PPPHU, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: bathymetry data
    Source_Contribution:
    The original multibeam data used to calculate elevation and volume change statistics in a subsection of Crocker Reef from 2017 to 2018.
    Habitat file (source 3 of 3)
    Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, 20170113, Unified Florida Reef Tract Map Version 2.0: Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Vector digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    This shapefile was used to divide the TIN by habitat types using Unified Classification (UC) Class Level 2.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2019 (process 1 of 11)
    Step 1: The original 2017 Crocker Reef multibeam dataset was downloaded from https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9EASN2O and transformed from its native World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84) horizontal datum and ellipsoid heights to the North American Datum of 1983 NAD83(2007) horizontal datum, North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88), and applied the GEOID12B model using a publicly available software package from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), called VDatum version 3.9 (https://vdatum.noaa.gov/). The transformed XYZ points were loaded into Blue Marble Global Mapper version 18.2 and gridded using the "Create Elevation Grid from 2D Vector/Lidar Data" tool in the Analysis menu. Grid spacing was manually set to 1 meter (m) for the X- and Y-axes and the 'Elevation Grid No data Distance Criteria' was set to 3.0. The resultant digital elevation model (DEM) was exported as a tagged image file format (TIFF) with the following parameters: 32-bit floating point samples, Sample Spacing of 1 m for both X- and Y-axes, Always Generate Square Pixels, LZW Compression, Generate TFW (World) File, and Generate PRJ File. The original 2018 Crocker Reef multibeam dataset was downloaded from https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P93PPPHU and transformed using the same parameters.
    Date: 2019 (process 2 of 11)
    Step 2: Using Esri ArcGIS Desktop Advanced version 10.6, footprints of the original 2017 and 2018 multibeam data were created using the "Reclassify (Spatial Analyst)" tool in ArcToolbox. To create each raster file, all old data values were replaced with 1 and the "No Data" value with 0." Then, the "Raster to Polygon (Conversion)" tool was used to create a footprint of the original 2017 and 2018 multibeam data by converting their reclassified raster files to polygon shape (SHP) files.
    Date: 2019 (process 3 of 11)
    Step 3: A polygon SHP file of the geometric intersection between the 2017 and 2018 multibeam files was created with the "Intersect (Analysis)" tool by adding the 2017 and 2018 multibeam footprint SHP files (Step 2) as 'Input features,' creating the intersect_footprint SHP file. Then, the 2017 and 2018 multibeam TIFF's (Step 1) were clipped to the extent of the intersect_footprint SHP file using the "Clip (Data Management)" tool by specifying the 2017 or 2018 multibeam TIFF as the 'Input features' and the intersection_footprint SHP file as the 'Clip Features,' creating the 2017_SubsectionCrockerReef_Multibeam_Clip TIFF and the 2018_SubsectionCrockerReef_Multibeam_Clip TIFF.
    Date: 2019 (process 4 of 11)
    Step 4: A 2-m grid was created using the "Create Fishnet (Data Management)" tool with the following parameters: Template extent: intersect_footprint SHP file (Step 3); Cell size width: 2; Cell size height: 2; Number of Rows: left blank; Number of Columns: left blank; Geometry type: Polyline and box checked for 'Create Label Points.' The 2m_grid_label point SHP file was clipped to the extent of the intersect_footprint SHP file using the "Clip (Analysis)" tool by specifying the 2m_grid_label point SHP file as the 'Input point features' and the intersect_footprint SHP file as the 'Clip features.' XY coordinates were added to the 2m_grid_label point SHP file using the "Add XY Coordinates (Data Management)" tool.
    Date: 2019 (process 5 of 11)
    Step 5: Values from the 2017_SubsectionCrockerReef_Multibeam_Clip TIFF (Step 3) and 2018_SubsectionCrockerReef_Multibeam_Clip TIFF (Step 3) were extracted at the location of the 2m_grid_label point SHP file using the "Extract Values to Points (Spatial Analyst)" tool by specifying the 2m_grid_label SHP file as the 'Input point features' and the 2017_SubsectionCrockerReef_Multibeam_Clip TIFF or the 2018_SubsectionCrockerReef_Multibeam_Clip TIFF as the 'Input,' creating the 17multibeam_extract SHP file and the 18multibeam_extract SHP file. Then, the 17multibeam_extract and 18multibeam_extract SHP files were spatially joined using the "Spatial Join (Analysis)" tool with the following parameters: Target features: 18multibeam_extract; Join features: 17multibeam_extract; Join Operation: ONE_TO_ONE; Match Option: Intersect and Distance field name: left blank creating the SubsectionCrockerReef_IntersectPoints point SHP file.
    Date: 2019 (process 6 of 11)
    Step 6: Points with no data were removed from the SubsectionCrockerReef_IntersectPoints SHP file using the "Select by Attribute" tool to select points from the attribute table where the RASTERVALU (2018 multibeam) or the RASTERVA_1 (2017 multibeam) equaled 0. Then the "Editor Toolbox" was used to delete the points. The elevation difference (Diff_m) between the 2017 multibeam and 2018 multibeam data were calculated by adding a field to the attribute table of the SubsectionCrockerReef_IntersectPoints SHP file using the "Field Calculator" and the expression Diff_m = [RASTERVALU] - [RASTERVA_1].
    Date: 2019 (process 7 of 11)
    Step 7: The original Unified Florida Reef Tract Map version 2.0 polygon SHP file was downloaded from http://ocean.floridamarine.org/IntegratedReefMap/UnifiedReefTract.htm. Using ArcGIS, the original habitat SHP file was modified using the "Clip (Analysis)" tool to clip the habitat SHP file to the extent of the Intersect_footprint (Step 3) by specifying the habitat SHP file as the 'Input Features' and the intersect_footprint SHP file as the 'Clip Features,' creating the SubsectionCrockerReef_Habitat_Clip SHP file. Using the "Union (Analysis)" tool the SubsectionCrockerReef_Habitat_Clip SHP file and intersect_footprint SHP file were merged under the following parameters, input features: SubsectionCrockerReef_Habitat_Clip and intersect_footprint; Join attributes: ALL; XY Tolerance: left blank, creating the SubsectionCrockerReef_Habitat_Clip SHP file. This creates an additional polygon in the file that includes the area of the multibeam DEM not covered by the Unified Florida Reef Tract Map. It was determined by visual analysis that the area this polygon encompasses is likely unconsolidated sediment and was labeled as such. Using the "Editing Toolbox," 'Likely Unconsolidated Sediment' was added to the attribute table of the SubsectionCrockerReef_Habitat_Clip SHP file as the Class Lv2 value of the newly created polygon. Using the "Select by Attribute" tool, individual habitat SHP files were created from the SubsectionCrockerReef_Habitat_Clip SHP file Using the "Select by Attribute" tool to select one ClassLv2 habitat and exporting it as a separate SHP file.
    Date: 2019 (process 8 of 11)
    Step 8: Elevation change statistics were determined by habitat type using the XYZ points from the SubsectionCrockerReef_IntersectPoints SHP file. The "Select Layer by Location (Data Management)" tool was used to extract points within or on the boundary of a specific habitat type by using the following parameters" Input Feature Layer: SubsectionCrockerReef_IntersectPoints; Relationship: INTERSECT; Selecting Features: Habitat SHP file; Search Distance: left blank; and Selection type: NEW_SELECTION. An ArcMap model was created to automate the process, because these steps had to be repeated for seven habitat types. Elevation change statistics from the Crocker Reef study site were compiled by habitat type into a comma separated values (CSV) table using Microsoft Excel 2016, see SubsectionCrockerReef_Elevation_Statistics.csv.
    Date: 2019 (process 9 of 11)
    Step 9: An elevation change surface model was created using the "Create TIN (3D Analyst)' tool by specifying the SubsectionCrockerReef_IntersectPoints SHP file (Step 6) as the 'Input Feature Class,' Diff_m as the 'Height Field' and Mass_Points as the 'Type,' creating the Intersect_TIN file. Then, the Intersect_TIN was delineated using the "Delineate TIN Data Areas (3D Analyst)" tool by specifying the Intersect_TIN as the 'Input TIN,' a 'Maximum Edge Length' of 2.828428 (hypotenuse of a 2-m grid) and the 'Method' set to ALL. The delineated Intersect_TIN was clipped to the extent of the intersect_footprint SHP file (Step 4) using the "Edit TIN (3D Analyst)" tool with the following parameters: Input TIN: Intersect_TIN; Input Feature Class: intersect_footprint SHP file; Height Field: None; Tag Field: None; and Type: Hard clip.
    Date: 2019 (process 10 of 11)
    Step 10: In addition to elevation-change statistics, volume-change statistics per habitat type were calculated. Surface volume changes were calculated for four cases using the "Surface Volume (3D Analyst)" tool. To calculate the net erosion lower limit (case 1) the 'Reference Plane' was set to BELOW and the 'Plane Height' set to -0.212 m, for the net erosion upper limit (case 2) the 'Reference Plane' was set to BELOW and the 'Plane Height' set to 0 m, for the net accretion lower limit (case 3) the 'Reference Plane' was set to ABOVE and the 'Plane Height' was set to 0.212 m, and for the net accretion upper limit (case 4) the 'Reference Plane' was set to ABOVE and the 'Plane Height' was set to 0 m. The 0.212 m threshold was determined from vertical error analysis using the uncertainties reported in the metadata of the original lidar and multibeam products. Minimum net volume change was calculated by summing results of case 1 and case 3. Maximum net volume change was calculated by summing results of case 2 and case 4. Area normalized volume changes were calculated by dividing net volume changes for each study site by its total area. Because these steps had to be repeated for seven habitat types, an ArcMap model was created to automate the process. Volume change statistics from the Crocker Reef study site were compiled by habitat type into a CSV file using Microsoft Excel 2016, see SubsectionCrockerReef_Volume_Statistics.
    Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 11 of 11)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Organization, International Hydrographic, 2008, IHO Standards for Hydrographic Surveys: International Hydrographic Bureau, 4, quai Antoine 1er B.P. 445 - MC 98011 MONACO Cedex Principauté de Monaco.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: pages 15-16

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Datasets were visually compared by USGS staff in Esri ArcGIS Desktop Advanced Version 10.6 for identification of anomalous elevations or data inconsistencies.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    All data were collected and processed to meet or exceed International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Special Order Standards for positioning and depth (IHO, 2008).
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    All data were collected and processed to meet or exceed International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Special Order Standards for positioning and depth (IHO, 2008).
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract section. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record and Yates and others (2017) for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Data cover the area specified for this project, without any known issues.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Kimberly K Yates
    Southeast Region: ST. PETE COASTAL & MARINE SCIENCE CENTER
    Research Oceanographer
    600 4Th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    United States

    727-502-8059 (voice)
    kyates@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 13-Oct-2020
Metadata author:
Kimberly K.Yates
Southeast Region: ST. PETE COASTAL & MARINE SCIENCE CENTER
Research Oceanographer
600 4Th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
United States

727-502-8059 (voice)
kyates@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/SubsectionCrockerReef_2017_to_2018_metadata.faq.html>
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