National Assessment of Hurricane-Induced Coastal Erosion Hazards: 2021 Update

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
National Assessment of Hurricane-Induced Coastal Erosion Hazards: 2021 Update
Abstract:
This dataset contains information on the probabilities of hurricane-induced erosion (collision, inundation and overwash) for each 1-kilometer (km) section of the United States [Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic] coast for category 1-5 hurricanes. The analysis is based on a storm-impact scaling model that uses observations of beach morphology combined with sophisticated hydrodynamic models to predict how the coast will respond to the direct landfall of category 1-5 hurricanes. Hurricane-induced water levels, due to both surge and waves, are compared to beach and dune elevations to determine the probabilities of three types of coastal change: collision (dune erosion), overwash, and inundation. Data on dune morphology (dune crest and toe elevation) and hydrodynamics (storm surge, wave setup and runup) are also included in this dataset. As new beach morphology observations and storm predictions become available, this analysis will be updated to describe how coastal vulnerability to storms will vary in the future. The data presented here include the dune morphology observations, as derived from lidar surveys.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Doran, Kara S., Birchler, Justin J., Hardy, Matthew W., Bendik, Kirsten J., Pardun, Joshua M., and Locke, Hannah A., 20210218, National Assessment of Hurricane-Induced Coastal Erosion Hazards: 2021 Update: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/P99ILAB9, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Stockdon, H.F., Doran, K.S., Thompson, D.M., Sopkin, K.L., Plant, N.G., and Sallenger, A.H., 20120501, National Assessment of Hurricane-Induced Coastal Erosion Hazards: Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1084, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -97.3796
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -69.7254
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.7808
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 25.6642
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 31-Jan-2021
    Currentness_Reference:
    Publication date
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • String (5088)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.0197704367. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0239366981. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal Degrees. The horizontal datum used is D WGS 1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS 1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257223563.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    US_erosion_hazards.shp
    Probabilities of hurricane-induced coastal erosion, dune morphology, and hurricane hydrodynamic data (Source: USGS)
    FID
    Internal feature number. (Source: Esri) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Shape
    Feature geometry. (Source: Esri) Coordinates defining the features.
    OBJECTID
    Object identifier (Source: Esri)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:5092
    Units:meters
    DHIGH
    Elevation of dune crest in meters, using the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.75123
    Maximum:46.2234
    Units:meters
    DLOW
    Elevation of the dune toe, in meters, NAVD88. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.5495
    Maximum:6.8297
    Units:meters
    DHIrms
    Root mean squared error of dune crest elevation measurements (square meters). (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0028
    Maximum:28.5635
    Units:square meters
    DLOrms
    Root mean square error of dune toe elevation measurements (square meters). (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.004063
    Maximum:3.8412
    Units:square meters
    SURGE1
    Storm surge water level for a category 1 storm. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.6699
    Maximum:3.5171
    Units:meters NAVD88
    SURGE2
    Storm surge water level for a category 2 storm. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.0674
    Maximum:5.4055
    Units:meters NAVD88
    SURGE3
    Storm surge water level for a category 3 storm. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.4125
    Maximum:7.3115
    Units:meters NAVD88
    SURGE4
    Storm surge water level surge for a category 4 storm. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.9151
    Maximum:9.0222
    Units:meters NAVD88
    SURGE5
    Storm surge water level for a category 5 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.4091
    Maximum:9.5770
    Units:meters NAVD88
    RUNUP1
    Wave runup water level for a category 1 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.25870
    Maximum:13.5769
    Units:meters NAVD88
    RUNUP2
    Wave runup water level for a category 2 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.344182
    Maximum:13.8032
    Units:meters NAVD88
    RUNUP3
    Wave runup water level for a category 3 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.449626
    Maximum:13.9445
    Units:meters NAVD88
    RUNUP4
    Wave runup water level for a category 4 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.564018
    Maximum:14.0261
    Units:meters NAVD88
    RUNUP5
    Wave runup water level for a category 5 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.075639
    Maximum:14.0568
    Units:meters NAVD88
    SETUP1
    Wave setup water level for a category 1 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.023892
    Maximum:5.5640
    Units:meters NAVD88
    SETUP2
    Wave setup water level for a category 2 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.024696
    Maximum:5.6567
    Units:meters NAVD88
    SETUP3
    Wave setup water level for a category 3 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.025876
    Maximum:5.7145
    Units:meters NAVD88
    SETUP4
    Wave setup water level for a category 4 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.027447
    Maximum:5.8159
    Units:meters NAVD88
    SETUP5
    Wave setup water level for a category 5 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0281
    Maximum:5.76045
    Units:meters NAVD88
    PCOL1
    Probability of collision from a category 1 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:20.2579
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    PCOL2
    Probability of collision from a category 2 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:53.9728
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    PCOL3
    Probability of collision from a category 3 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:85.9612
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    PCOL4
    Probability of collision from a category 4 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:89.1486
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    PCOL5
    Probability of collision from a category 5 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:94.9803
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    POVW1
    Probability of overwash from a category 1 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.00
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    POVW2
    Probability of overwash from a category 2 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.00
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    POVW3
    Probability of overwash from a category 3 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.00
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    POVW4
    Probability of overwash from a category 4 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.00
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    POVW5
    Probability of overwash from a category 5 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:5.2801
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    PIND1
    Probability of inundation from a category 1 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.00
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    PIND2
    Probability of inundation from a category 2 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.00
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    PIND3
    Probability of inundation from a category 3 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.00
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    PIND4
    Probability of inundation from a category 4 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.00
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    PIND5
    Probability of inundation from a category 5 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.00
    Maximum:100.00
    Units:percent
    MEAN1
    Mean water level (Setup + Surge) for a category 1 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.1617
    Maximum:8.0495
    Units:meters NAVD88
    MEAN2
    Mean water level (Setup + Surge) for a category 2 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.7465
    Maximum:9.2209
    Units:meters NAVD88
    MEAN3
    Mean water level (Setup + Surge) for a category 3 storm (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.1959
    Maximum:10.4266
    Units:meters NAVD88
    MEAN4
    Mean water level (Setup + Surge) for a category 4 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.6576
    Maximum:11.7341
    Units:meters NAVD88
    MEAN5
    Mean water level (Setup + Surge) for a category 5 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:3.1623
    Maximum:11.3102
    Units:meters NAVD88
    EXTREME1
    Extreme water level (Runup + Surge) for a category 1 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.9932
    Maximum:15.0102
    Units:meters NAVD88
    EXTREME2
    Extreme water level (Runup + Surge) for a category 2 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:3.8645
    Maximum:16.3538
    Units:meters NAVD88
    EXTREME3
    Extreme water level (Runup + Surge) for a category 3 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:4.4381
    Maximum:17.8072
    Units:meters NAVD88
    EXTREME4
    Extreme water level (Runup + Surge) for a category 4 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:4.9269
    Maximum:19.2112
    Units:meters NAVD88
    EXTREME5
    Extreme water level (Runup + Surge) for a category 5 storm. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    -999Null value
    Range of values
    Minimum:5.7195
    Maximum:17.5916
    Units:meters NAVD88
    STATE
    2 letter state abbreviation (Source: USGS)
    Formal codeset
    Codeset Name:INCITS 31-2009 Information Technology - Codes For The Identification Of Counties And Equivalent Areas Of The United States, Puerto Rico, And The Insular Areas
    Codeset Source:ANSI

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Kara S. Doran
    • Justin J. Birchler
    • Matthew W. Hardy
    • Kirsten J. Bendik
    • Joshua M. Pardun
    • Hannah A. Locke
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    The predicted elevations of combined high tide and storm surge for category 1-5 hurricanes were extracted from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) SLOSH (Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes) model, which has been employed by NOAA in inundation risk studies and operational storm surge forecasting. Wave runup and setup conditions were generated using Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) software developed by Delft University of Technology (TU Delft).
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Kara Doran
    600 4th Street South
    Saint Petersburg, FL
    UNITED STATES

    727-502-8117 (voice)
    727-502-8182 (FAX)
    kdoran@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

To provide data on the probability of hurricane-induced coastal erosion hazards for the coasts of the United States.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    MOM (source 1 of 15)
    National Hurricane Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 20130603, Storm Surge Maximum of the Maximum.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    Data provides water levels that are expected under worst-case scenario conditions at all locations for a storm of specified category.
    SWAN (source 2 of 15)
    Delft University of Technology, 20110622, Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) model.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Computer program
    Source_Contribution:
    Model that was used to estimate wave setup and runup conditions for different hurricane categories.
    2013 USGS RI-NH (source 3 of 15)
    Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Office for Coastal Management (OCM), United States Geological Survey (USGS), Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP), and Woolpert, 20150708, 2013-2014 U.S. Geological Survey CMGP LiDAR: Post Sandy (MA, NH, RI).

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
    2017 USACE MD-NY (source 4 of 15)
    United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX), 20170913, 2017 USACE NCMP Topobathy Lidar: East Coast (NY, NJ, DE, MD, VA, NC, SC, GA).

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
    2018 USACE SC-VA (source 5 of 15)
    United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX), 20190830, 2018 USACE NCMP Post-Florence Topobathy Lidar: Southeast Coast (VA, NC, SC).

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
    2016 USACE GA-VA (source 6 of 15)
    United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX), 20170215, 2016 USACE Post-Matthew Topobathy Lidar: Southeast Coast (VA, NC, SC, GA and FL).

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
    2017 USACE FL (source 7 of 15)
    United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX), 20171002, 2017 USACE FEMA Topobathy Lidar: Florida East Coast, Florida Keys, and Collier County (Post Hurricane Irma).

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
    2018 USGS FLWC (source 8 of 15)
    United States Geological Survey (USGS), 20200318, 2018 USGS/NRCS Lidar: Southwest Florida.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
    2017 NOAA FLWC (source 9 of 15)
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Geodetic Survey, 20190728, 2017 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar: DeSoto to Boca Grande, FL.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
    2015 USACE FLWC (source 10 of 15)
    United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX), 20161215, 2015 USACE NCMP Topobathy Lidar: Florida Gulf Coast.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
    2018 USACE FLPH (source 11 of 15)
    United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX), 20181108, 2018 USACE FEMA Post-Michael Topobathy Lidar: Florida Panhandle.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
    2018 USACE MS-AL (source 12 of 15)
    United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX), 20181108, 2018 USACE NCMP Topobathy Lidar: Gulf Coast (AL, MS).

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
    2015 USGS LA (source 13 of 15)
    United States Geological Survey (USGS), 20161018, USGS Lidar Point Cloud LA SoTerrebonne-GI 2015.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
    2017 USGS LA (source 14 of 15)
    United States Geological Survey (USGS), 20171212, 2017 USGS Lidar: Chenier Plain, LA.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
    2016 USACE TX (source 15 of 15)
    United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX), 20170913, 2016 USACE NCMP Topobathy Lidar: Gulf Coast (AL, FL, MS, TX).

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data
    Source_Contribution:
    A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2019 (process 1 of 3)
    For dune morphology data: Elevation data from lidar surveys were interpolated in MATLAB to a gridded domain that was rotated parallel to the shoreline and had a resolution of 10 m in the longshore direction and 2.5 m in the cross-shore direction. The interpolation method applied spatial filtering with a Hanning window that was twice as wide as the grid resolution. Dune morphology data were extracted from the elevation grid in MATLAB. Dune morphology data were then summarized to 1 km sections. Sections with greater than 75 percent of data missing were flagged with the invalid number of -999. The 1-km smoothed dune crest (DHIGH), toe (DLOW) and root mean square (RMS) error for each were written to line shapefiles using MATLAB shapewrite.m script. Each state was processed separately and then combined into regional datasets. The regional datasets were published as USGS Open-File Reports and data releases. The citation information for those datasets can be found in the Cross_Reference section of this metadata. This dataset combines all four regions (northeast, mid-Atlantic, southeast, and Gulf coasts) into one dataset. For details on morphologic feature extraction, see: Stockdon and others (2012) Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Kara S. Doran
    600 4th Street South
    Saint Petersburg, FL
    UNITED STATES

    727-502-8117 (voice)
    727-502-8182 (FAX)
    kdoran@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • 2013 USGS RI-NH
    • 2017 USACE MD-NY
    • 2018 USACE SC-VA
    • 2016 USACE GA-VA
    • 2017 USACE FL
    • 2018 USGS FLWC
    • 2017 NOAA FLWC
    • 2015 USACE FLWC
    • 2018 USACE FLPH
    • 2018 USACE MS-AL
    • 2015 USGS LA
    • 2017 USGS LA
    • 2016 USACE TX
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • Dune morphology (DHIGH, DLOW, DHIrms, DLOrms)
    Date: 2011 (process 2 of 3)
    For hydrodynamic data: Water level was computed in MATLAB by adding storm surge (SURGE) from NOAAs SLOSH model to wave setup (SETUP) and runup (RUNUP). The wave height and period used for calculating wave runup and setup came from the SWAN model. Hydrodynamic parameters were calculated in MATLAB and exported into ArcGIS shapefile format. For details on modeling parameterization, see: Stockdon and others (2012). Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Kara S. Doran
    600 4th Street South
    Saint Petersburg, FL
    UNITED STATES

    727-502-8117 (voice)
    727-502-8182 (FAX)
    kdoran@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • SLOSH
    • SWAN
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • Hydrodynamics (SURGE, SETUP, RUNUP)
    Date: 2020 (process 3 of 3)
    Probabilities of coastal erosion hazards are based on estimating the likelihood that the beach system will experience erosion and deposition patterns consistent with collision, overwash, or inundation regimes. The regimes are calculated by using values of dune morphology and mean and extreme water levels for each 1 km section, such that probability of collision (PCOL) occurs when extreme water levels reach the dune toe; overwash (POVW) when extreme water levels reach the dune crest; and inundation (PIND) when mean water levels reach the dune crest. Probabilities were calculated in MATLAB and exported in ArcGIS format. For details on modeling parameterization, see Stockdon and others (2012). Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Kara S. Doran
    600 4th Street South
    Saint Petersburg, FL
    UNITED STATES

    727-502-8117 (voice)
    727-502-8182 (FAX)
    kdoran@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • Dune morphology
    • Hydrodynamics
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • Probabilities (PCOL, POVW, PIND)
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2021, USGS Coastal Change Hazards Portal.

    Online Links:

    Stockdon, H.F., Doran, K.S., Thompson, D.M., Sopkin, K.L., and Plant, N.G., 20130701, National Assessment of Hurricane-Induced Coastal Erosion Hazards: Southeast Atlantic Coast: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1130, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Doran, K.S., Stockdon, H.F., Sopkin, K.L., Thompson, D.M., and Plant, N.G., 20130701, National Assessment of Hurricane-Induced Coastal Erosion Hazards: Mid-Atlantic Coast: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1131, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Stockdon, H.F., Doran, K.S., Thompson, D.M., Sopkin, K.L., Plant, N.G., and Sallenger, A.H., 20120501, National Assessment of Hurricane-Induced Coastal Erosion Hazards: Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1084, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Birchler, J.J., Stockdon, H.F., Doran, K.S., and Thompson, D.M., 20141211, National Assessment of Hurricane-Induced Coastal Erosion Hazards: Northeast Atlantic Coast: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1243, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Doran, K.S., Stockdon, H.F., Thompson, D.M., Birchler, J., Plant, N.G., and Overbeck, J.R, 20160510, National Assessment of Hurricane-Induced Coastal Erosion Hazards: Gulf of Mexico Update: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/F7QC01KZ, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Horizontal accuracy was not estimated.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    Vertical accuracy for hydrodynamic measurements (surge, setup, and runup) is dependent on input data. SLOSH model accuracy is estimated to be +/- 20 percent of the calculated value. Modeled wave heights were compared to observed wave heights at several buoys located at different water depths throughout the Gulf of Mexico and simulated wave heights were representative of maximum possible wave heights for each hurricane category. No other accuracy checks were performed. Vertical accuracy for dune morphology (dune crest and toe elevation) data is dependent on the positional accuracy of the lidar data. Estimated accuracy of lidar surveys are +/- 15 centimeters. However, vertical accuracies may vary based on the type of terrain (for example, inaccuracies may increase as slope increases or with the presence of extremely dense vegetation), the accuracy of the global positioning system (GPS) and aircraft-attitude measurements.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This dataset includes dune morphology and hurricane hydrodynamic data used to generate probabilities of hurricane-induced erosion, elevation data from lidar surveys are not included. Measurements were collected approximately every 10-meters (m) and summarized to 1-km segments. Category 5 hurricane conditions are not provided by the NOAA SLOSH model for domains north of North Carolina. As a result, only water levels and probabilities for Categories 1-4 hurricanes are provided in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic and U.S. Northeast regions of this dataset.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No additional checks for consistency were performed on this data.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originators of the data in future products or derivative research.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Kara S. Doran
    600 4th Street South
    Saint Petersburg, FL

    727-502-8117 (voice)
    727-502-8182 (FAX)
    kdoran@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 22-Sep-2021
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey
Attn: Kara S. Doran
600 4th Street South
Saint Petersburg, FL
UNITED STATES

727-502-8117 (voice)
727-502-8182 (FAX)
kdoran@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/US_erosion_hazards_metadata_2021.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Wed Sep 22 14:25:50 2021