Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2008 Title: EAARL Topography-Vicksburg National Millitary Park 2008: Bare Earth Edition: first Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Data Series Issue_Identification: 390 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Saint Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/390/ Description: Abstract: A bare earth elevation map (also known as a Digital Elevation Model, or DEM) of the Vicksburg National Military Park in Mississippi was produced from remotely sensed, geographically referenced elevation measurements cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), National Park Service (NPS), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Elevation measurements were collected over the area using the NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL), a pulsed-laser ranging system mounted onboard an aircraft to measure ground elevation, vegetation canopy, and coastal topography. The system uses high frequency laser beams directed at the Earth's surface through an opening in the bottom of the aircraft's fuselage. The laser system records the time difference between emission of the laser beam and the reception of the reflected laser signal in the aircraft. The plane travels over the target area at approximately 50 meters per second at an elevation of approximately 300 meters. The EAARL, developed by NASA at Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia, measures ground elevation with a vertical resolution of 15 centimeters. A sampling rate of 3 kilohertz or higher results in an extremely dense spatial elevation dataset. Over 100 kilometers of coastline can be easily surveyed within a 3- to 4-hour mission. When subsequent elevation maps for an area are analyzed, they provide resource managers with a useful tool regarding land development. For more information on Lidar science and the Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) system and surveys, see http://ngom.usgs.gov/dsp/overview/index.php and http://ngom.usgs.gov/dsp/tech/eaarl/index.php . Purpose: The purpose of this project was to produce a highly detailed and accurate bare earth elevation map of the Vicksburg National Military Park in Mississippi for natural resource managers and research scientists. Supplemental_Information: Raw Lidar data are not in a format that is generally usable by Park Service resource managers and scientists for scientific analysis. Converting dense Lidar elevation data into a readily usable format without loss of essential information requires specialized processing. The U.S. Geological Survey's Coastal and Marine Geology (CMG) Program has developed custom software to convert raw Lidar data into a GIS-compatible map product to be provided to GIS specialists, managers, and scientists. The primary tool used in the conversion process is Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS), a multi-tiered processing system developed by a USGS-NASA collaborative project. Specialized processing algorithms are used to convert raw waveform Lidar data acquired by the EAARL to georeferenced spot (x,y,z) returns for "first surface" and "bare earth" topography. These data are then converted to the North American Datum of 1983 and the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (using the GEOID03 model). Each file contains data located in a 2-km by 2-km tile, where the upper-left bound can be assessed quickly through the file name. The first 3 numbers in the file name represent the left-most UTM easting coordinate (e###000) in meters, the next 4 numbers represent the top-most UTM northing coordinate (n####000) in meters, and the last 2 numbers (##) represent the UTM zone in which the tile is located (for example, be_e123_n4567_15).The development of custom software for creating these data products has been supported by the USGS CMG Program's Decision Support for Coastal Parks, Sanctuaries, and Preserves Project. Processed data products are used by the USGS CMG Program's National Assessments of Coastal Change Hazards Project to quantify the vulnerability of shorelines to coastal change hazards such as severe storms, sea-level rise, and shoreline erosion and retreat. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20080306 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -90.918242 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -90.896584 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 32.321715 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 32.303323 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:197e587b-3990-4e11-8a87-9cdf3ef1b137 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO Topic Keywords 19115 Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: http://remotesensing.usgs.gov Theme_Keyword: Advanced Lidar Processing System Theme_Keyword: ALPS Theme_Keyword: Digital Elevation Model Theme_Keyword: DEM Theme_Keyword: EAARL Theme_Keyword: Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar Theme_Keyword: laser altimetry Theme_Keyword: Lidar Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: topography Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: distributions Theme_Keyword: bathymetry and elevation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) Keywords Theme_Keyword: altimetry Theme_Keyword: topographic mapping Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: LIDAR Theme_Keyword: topography Theme_Keyword: digital elevation models Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: http://nationalmap.gov Place_Keyword: Vicksburg National Military Park Place_Keyword: Vicksburg Place_Keyword: Mississippi Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: http://lidar.cr.usgs.gov Stratum_Keyword: bare earth Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: http://www.esri.com/news/arcuser/1104/temporal.html Temporal_Keyword: 2008 Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey, National Park Service, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration request to be acknowledged as originators of this dataset in future products or derivative research. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Amar Nayegandhi Contact_Organization: Jacobs Technology, U.S. Geological Survey, FISC, St. Petersburg, FL Contact_Position: Computer Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: Saint Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 (x3026) Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-803-2031 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: anayegandhi@usgs.gov Hours_of_Service: M-F, 8:00-5:00 EST Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/390/html/images/VICK.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: EAARL Topography-Vicksburg National Millitary Park 2008: Bare Earth Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPG Data_Set_Credit: Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, Florida Integrated Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices for data source is expected. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such. Security_Information: Security_Classification_System: Unclassified Security_Classification: Unclassified Security_Handling_Description: None Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.2.1350 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The expected accuracy of the measured variables is as follows: attitude within 0.07 degree, 3-cm nominal ranging accuracy, and vertical elevation accuracy of +/-15 cm for the topographic surface. Quality checks are built into the data-processing software. Logical_Consistency_Report: Each file contains data located in a 2-km by 2-km tile, where the upper-left bound can be assessed quickly through the file name. The first 3 numbers in the file name represent the left-most UTM easting coordinate (e###000) in meters, the next 4 numbers represent the top-most UTM northing coordinate (n####000) in meters, and the last 2 numbers (##) represent the UTM zone in which the tile is located (for example, be_e123_n4567_15). Completeness_Report: Several regions of the dataset are labeled as "No Data", which corresponds to a cell value of -32767 m in the GeoTIFF file. These "No Data" areas are a result of the survey not covering a particular region, or the manual removal of Lidar processing artifacts. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Raw elevation measurements have been determined to be within 1-meter horizontal accuracy. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Elevations are vertically consistent with the point elevation data, +/-15 cm. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geoloigcal Survey Publication_Date: 2008 Title: EAARL Topography-Vicksburg National Military Park 2008: Bare Earth Edition: first Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: 390 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Type_of_Source_Media: Point elevation measurements collected by the EAARL sensor. Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20080306 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: none Source_Contribution: none Process_Step: Process_Description: The data are collected using a Cessna 310 aircraft. The NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) laser scanner collects the data using a green (532-nm) raster scanning laser, while a digital camera acquires a visual record of the flight. The data are stored on hard drives and archived at the U.S. Geological Survey office in St. Petersburg, FL, and the NASA office at Wallops Flight Facility, VA. The navigational data are processed at Wallops Flight Facility. The navigational and raw data are then downloaded into the Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS). Data are converted from units of time to x,y,z points for elevation. The derived surface data can then be converted into raster data (GeoTIFFs). Process_Date: 20080808 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Amar Nayegandhi Contact_Organization: Jacobs Technology, U.S. Geological Survey, FISC, St. Petersburg, FL Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: Saint Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747 (x3026) Process_Step: Process_Description: Keywords section of metadata optimized for discovery in USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Data Catalog. Process_Date: 20170124 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Tiling Index Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 2001 Column_Count: 2001 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 15 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -93.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000 Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.15 m Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: This Digital Elevation Model is a GeoTIFF derived from point data. Each cell has an elevation value associated with it. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The variables measured by EAARL are distance between aircraft and GPS satellites (m), attitude information (roll, pitch, heading in degrees), scan angle (degrees), second of the epoch (sec), and 1-ns time-resolved return intensity waveform (digital counts). Z value is referenced to orthometric elevations derived from National Geodetic Survey Geoid Model, GEOID03. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Project Manager Contact_Position: Project Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: Saint Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747 (x3026) Hours_of_Service: M-F, 8:00-5:00 EST Resource_Description: DS 390 Distribution_Liability: This DVD publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herin to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: TIFF Format_Version_Number: 2 Format_Specification: GeoTIFF Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/390/data_files/be/ Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded via the World Wide Web (WWW) Offline_Option: Offline_Media: DVD Recording_Format: DVD Fees: Vary Ordering_Instructions: Contact U.S. Geological Survey Turnaround: Vary Custom_Order_Process: Contact U.S. Geological Survey for details. Available_Time_Period: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20080306 Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211109 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: United States Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: SPCMSC Data Management Group Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998