rm08_09_50gv2.tif

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title: rm08_09_50gv2.tif
Abstract:
During the summers of 2008 and 2009 the USGS conducted bathymetric surveys from West Ship Island, Miss., to Dauphin Island, Ala., as part of the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) Ecosystem Change and Hazard Susceptibility project. The survey area extended from the shoreline out to approximately 2 kilometers and included the adjacent passes. The bathymetry was primarily used to create a topo-bathymetric map and provide a base-level assessment of the seafloor following the 2005 hurricane season. Additionally, these data will be used in conjunction with other geophysical data (chirp and side scan sonar) toward constructing a comprehensive geological framework of the Mississippi Barrier Island Complex. The culmination of the geophysical surveys will provide the data necessary for scientists to define, interpret, and provide baseline bathymetry and seafloor habitat for this area and to aid scientists in predicting future geomorpholocial changes of the islands with respect to climate change, storm impact, and sea-level rise. Furthermore, these data provide information for feasibility of barrier island restoration, particularly in Camille Cut, and efforts for the preservation of historical Fort Massachusetts.
Supplemental_Information:
For navigational purposes, bathymetric surveys have traditionally been referenced to a water level datum using tide gages and tide models. Bathymetric measurements referenced to a Global Positioning System (GPS) is a more accurate way of representing water depth and has been implemented in the acquisition and processing procedures for these datasets. Previous single-beam bathymetric studies performed at the USGS Center for Coastal and Marine Science have successfully referenced bathymetric measurements to GPS (DeWitt and others, 2007; Hansen 2008 and 2009). These surveys were conducted as a test to develop acquisition technology utilizing both single beam and swath bathymetry survey methods together and referencing both types of measurements to GPS rather than water level. Therefore, this survey is considered a seafloor-elevation survey and is explained in greater detail within this report. To accommodate coverage of this area in a limited timeframe, this seafloor-elevation survey was conducted using three techniques; single-beam bathymetry, interferometric swath bathymetry, and a walking kinematic survey of the island shorelines. All three techniques utilized GPS measurements. Implementation of these techniques was executed concurrently yet independently aboard two research vessels: the RV Survey Cat, a 26-foot (ft) shallow draft Glacier Bay Coastal Runner, and the 50-ft RV G.K. Gilbert. A portable push buggy with a rigid antenna-mount served as the platform for the kinematic shoreline survey. Data from each survey technique was post-processed and edited independently with proper inclusion of the differentially processed external navigation files. The x,y,z components from each method were then combined and the two survey years (2008 and 2009) were merged into one dataset. Chirp seismic data were also collected during these surveys and are archived separately.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, DeWitt, Nancy T., Flocks, James G., Pendleton, Elizabeth A., Hansen, Mark E., Reynolds, B.J., Kelso, Kyle W., Wiese, Dana S., and Worley, Charles R., 2011, rm08_09_50gv2.tif: USGS Data Series Publication DS675, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -89.001791
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.316260
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.272374
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.172158
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 08-Jul-2008Time_of_Day: unknown
    Currentness_Reference:
    data collection interval
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Raster data set. It contains the following raster data types:
      • Dimensions 203 x 1317 x 1, type Pixel
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 16
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -87.000000
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
      False_Easting: 500000.000000
      False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar coordinates are encoded using row and column
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 50.000000
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 50.000000
      Planar coordinates are specified in meters
      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.25722356300003.
      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Depth_System_Definition:
      Depth_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988
      Depth_Resolution: 3.3
      Depth_Distance_Units: centimeters
      Depth_Encoding_Method: Explicit depth coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    rm08_09_50gv2.tif
    ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 (Source: ESRI ArcMap 9.3 TIFF)
    rm08_09_50gv2_raster2point.shp
    ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 (Source: ESRI ArcMap 9.3 shapefile)
    FID
    Internal feature number (Source: ESRI ArcGIS 9.3) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated
    SHAPE
    Point Geometry (Source: ESRI ArcGIS 9.3) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated
    POINT_ID
    Number (Source: ESRI ArcGIS 9.3)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:106412
    GRID_CODE
    Depth in meters (Source: ESRI ArcGIS 9.3)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-19.589
    Maximum:+1.5866
    X
    NAD83 UTM 16N (Source: North American Datum of 1983)
    Range of values
    Minimum:307500.000874
    Maximum:373250.000278
    Y
    NAD83 UTM 16N (Source: North American Datum of 1983)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3339576.76001
    Maximum:3349676.76002
    rm08_09_50gv2_raster2ascii.txt
    ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 (Source: ESRI ArcMap 9.3 ASCII file)
    rm08_09_50gv2_xyz.txt
    ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 (Source: ESRI ArcMap 9.3 ASCII file)
    x
    NAD83 UTM 16N (Source: North American Datum of 1983)
    Range of values
    Minimum:307500.000874
    Maximum:373250.000278
    y
    NAD83 UTM 16N (Source: North American Datum of 1983)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3339576.76001
    Maximum:3349676.76002
    z
    depth in meters (Source: ESRI ArcGIS 9.3)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-19.5891
    Maximum:+1.586
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    This file is the completed processed 50-m resolution multibeam bathymetry grid as a TIFF file.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: http://ngom.usgs.gov/gomsc/mscip/index.html
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    This is file rm08_09_50gv2.tif converted to a point shapefile named rm08_09_50gv2_raster2point.shp. The shapefile was created using ArcMap version 9.3.1 raster to point conversion tool and the then populated with X,Y fields using XToools Pro version 6.0.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: http://ngom.usgs.gov/gomsc/mscip/index.html
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    This is file rm08_09_50gv2.tif converted to a ASCII shapefile named rm08_09_50gv2_raster2ascii.txt. The text file was created using ArcMap version 9.3.1 raster to ascii conversion tool. This text file is in an array format with header information at the top of the file.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: http://ngom.usgs.gov/gomsc/mscip/index.html
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    This is the file rm08_09_50gv2_raster2point.shp exported to text format in ArcMap version 9.3.1 the table restructure option of XToools Pro version 6.0.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: http://ngom.usgs.gov/gomsc/mscip/index.html

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
    • Nancy T. DeWitt
    • James G. Flocks
    • Elizabeth A. Pendleton
    • Mark E. Hansen
    • B.J. Reynolds
    • Kyle W. Kelso
    • Dana S. Wiese
    • Charles R. Worley
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Nancy T. DeWitt, James G. Flocks, Elizabeth A. Pendleton, Mark E. Hansen, B.J. Reynolds, Kyle W. Kelso, Dana S. Wiese, and Charles R. Worley.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Nancy T. DeWitt
    U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747 x3058 (voice)
    ndewitt@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This report serves as an archive of the processed single-beam and swath bathymetry data. Data products herein include gridded and interpolated surfaces, surface images, and x,y,z data products. Additional files include trackline maps, GIS files, Field Activity Collection System (FACS) logs, and formal FGDC metadata. Scanned images of the handwritten FACS logs are also provided as PDF files. Refer to the Acronyms page for expansion of acronyms and abbreviations used in this report.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2009 (process 1 of 7)
    Acquisiton: The single-beam data for 2008 were collected using SANDS, which has two components, data acquisition and data processing. The 2008 and 2009 swath bathymetry was collected using the Systems Engineering and Assessment Ltd. (SEA) SWATHplus-H 468 kHz Interferometric System providing both data acquisition and data processing components. The walking kinematic survey of the shoreline was completed using a portable push buggy. Person who carried out this activity:
    Nancy T. DeWitt and others
    U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747 x3058 (voice)
    ndewitt@usgs.gov
    Date: 2009 (process 2 of 7)
    Differentially Corrected Navigation Process: Each base station GPS file was processed to the respective roving survey platform GPS file using GrafNav version 8.10, a product of Waypoint Product Group. During this process, steps were taken to ensure that the trajectory produced from the base to the rover was clean and produced fixed positions. From these processes a single differentially corrected, precise position at 1-s intervals for each roving GPS session was created. Person who carried out this activity:
    Nancy T. DeWitt
    U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747 x3058 (voice)
    ndewitt@usgs.gov
    Date: 2008 (process 3 of 7)
    Single-Beam Processing: The external navigation files are combined with the raw trackline data in SANDS version 3.92. The raw data are geometrically corrected, and a Geoid model applied. The exported x,y,z data are referenced to NAD83, UTM ZONE 16N, and NAVD88. Person who carried out this activity:
    Nancy T. DeWitt
    U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747 x3058 (voice)
    ndewitt@usgs.gov
    Date: 2008 (process 4 of 7)
    Swath Post-Processing 2008: The raw swath files, (SXR) were run through SWATHplus version 3.06.04.03. The external differential navigation file was substituted for the F190 navigation string, however, the motion (heave, roll, pitch) from the F190 was applied and depths were geometrically corrected. The processed swath files (SXP) were referenced to NAD83, UTM ZONE 16N NAVD88. The SXP files were imported into CARIS HIPS and SIPS version 7.0 with the respective vessel files and merged. Each line was viewed and cleaned in Swath Editor. The filters applied included depth, beam to beam slopes, across-track distance, and missing neighbors. The files were remerged after any changes occurred during the editing process, a 5-m BASE surface was created, and the x,y,z data were exported in ASCII format for further grid interpretation. The x,y,z values were in NAD83, UTM ZONE 16N NAVD88. Person who carried out this activity:
    Nancy T. DeWitt
    U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747 x3058 (voice)
    ndewitt@usgs.gov
    Date: 2009 (process 5 of 7)
    Swath Post-Processing 2009: The SXRs were run through SWATHplus version 3.06.0 without inserting the differential external navigation file. The processed SXP data were imported into CARIS HIPS and SIPS version 6.1. The external navigation files were first smoothed in Matlab version R2007b. The external navigation files were then imported into CARIS with the heave correction (waterline height) offset in the respective vessel file and the navigation data applied as a tide file in CARIS during the merge process. Each line was viewed and cleaned in Swath Editor. The filters applied included depth, beam to beam slopes, across-track distance, and missing neighbors. The files were remerged after any changes occurred during the editing process, a 5-m BASE surface was created, and the x,y,z data were exported in ASCII format for further grid interpretation. The x,y,z values were referenced to NAD83, UTM ZONE 16N NAVD88. Person who carried out this activity:
    Elizabeth A. Pendleton
    USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 457-2259 (voice)
    ependleton@usgs.gov
    Date: 14-Feb-2017 (process 6 of 7)
    Keywords section of metadata optimized for discovery in USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Data Catalog. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Alan O. Allwardt
    Contractor -- Information Specialist
    2885 Mission Street
    Santa Cruz, CA

    831-460-7551 (voice)
    831-427-4748 (FAX)
    aallwardt@usgs.gov
    Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 7 of 7)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    The accuracy of the data is determined during data collection. These datasets are from four speperate research cruises and are therefore internally consistent. Methods are employed to maintain data collection consistency aboard various platforms. During mobilization, each piece of equipment (single beam and swath) is isolated to obtain internal and external offset measurements with respect to the survey platform. All the critical measurements are recorded manually and digitally and entered into their respective programs for calibration. Once calibration is complete and calibration status is considered acceptable, then survey operations commence. Each system has a dedicated computer, and efforts are made to utilize the same equipment and software versions. However, upgrades and changes occur and require additional setup, measurements, and notation. For the single beam bathymetry, offsets between the single beam transducers and the Ashetch antenna reference point (ARP) were measured and accounted for in post-processing. Bar checks were performed as calibration efforts and accounted for any drift in the Marimatech Echosounder. The Differential Geographic Positioning (DGPS) was obtained using post-processing software packages. For the swath bathymetry, offsets between the sonar head and the DGPS antennas were measured and entered into the F190 internal setup program. DGPS is normally provided through the OmniSTAR High Performance wide-area GPS service unless otherwise noted. DGPS is always implemented for navigational accuracy either during acquisition or as a post-processing step.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    GPS base stations were erected within approximately 15 to 20 km of the survey area. Efforts were made to utilize pre-existing National Geodetic Survey (NGS) benchmarks on the islands. If pre-existing benchmarks were unavailable a USGS benchmark was installed.All static base station sessions were run through On-Line Positioning User Service (OPUS) maintained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Geodetic Survey (NGS). The base location results from OPUS were put in a spreadsheet for error analysis and averaging, and any outliers were removed. For the 2008-2009 base station occupations, results were considered sufficient and produced +/-3.3 cm or less accuracy in the vertical component. These base station positions, once finalized, were used for processing and can be found in the FACS logs.GPS was recorded using Ashtech Z-Xtreme GPS receivers that record the 12-channel full-carrier-phase positioning signals (L1/L2) from the satellites via the Thales choke-ring antenna. This GPS instrument combination is duplicated on the survey vessel (rover). The base receiver and the rover receiver record their positions concurrently at 1-second (s) recording intervals throughout the survey period. The differential navigation for the single-beam bathymetry and the swath bathymetry were both collected in the same manner.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    Ship motion was measured using a the CodaOctopus Octopus F190 Precision Attitude and Positioning System. The interferometric sonar is an angle-measuring system; depth accuracy decreases with increasing horizontal range. The swath width of the interferometric sonar varied as a function of depth but generally achieved 5 times the water depth. Vertical accuracy is directly affected by the accuracy of both the navigation system and the sonar system.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This is a complete processed bathymetry and shoreline topography surface in GeoTIFF format. It is a combination of single beam and swath bathymetry and shoreline topography from USGS cruises 08CCT01, 08CCT02, 09CCT03, and 09CCT04. These data provide a continuous and complete surface; however, there may in some cases be data missing and inconsistent with reported tracklines. This is directly due to the exclusion of poor data and (or) instrument failures.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    These datasets were completed on four research cruises over the course of 21 days for 2008 and 20 days for 2009. Refer to the FACS logs for respective vessel platforms and survey information. This dataset was created to show the combination bathymetry and topography from the cruises. The grid is 50-m spacing.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints:
The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be referenced as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data.
Use_Constraints: These data are not to be used for navigation.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 4)
    Jim Flocks
    U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747 x3012 (voice)
    jflocks@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Downloadable Data File Name = rm08_09_50gv2.tif
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This CD-ROM publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: TIFF Size: 1.85
      Network links: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/675
      Media you can order: CD-ROM (format CDR/DVD)
    • Cost to order the data: none

  5. Is there some other way to get the data?
    none
  6. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    This GeoTIFF was created for use with ESRI ArcGIS software.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 2 of 4)
    Jim Flocks
    U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747 x3012 (voice)
    jflocks@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Downloadable Data File Name = rm08_09_50gv2_raster2points.shp
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This CD-ROM publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: SHP Size: 10.2
      Network links: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/675
      Media you can order: CD-ROM (format CDR/DVD)
    • Cost to order the data: none

  5. Is there some other way to get the data?
    none
  6. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    This shapefile was created for use with ESRI ArcGIS software.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 3 of 4)
    Jim Flocks
    U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747 x3012 (voice)
    jflocks@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Downloadable Data File Name = rm08_09_50gv2_raster2ascii.txt
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This CD-ROM publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: TXT Size: 1.92
      Network links: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/675
      Media you can order: CD-ROM (format CDR/DVD)
    • Cost to order the data: none

  5. Is there some other way to get the data?
    none
  6. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    This ASCII file was created for use with ESRI ArcGIS software.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 4 of 4)
    Jim Flocks
    U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747 x3012 (voice)
    jflocks@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Downloadable Data File Name = rm08_09_50gv2_xyz.txt
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This DVD publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: TXT Size: 4.0
      Network links: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/675
      Media you can order: CD-ROM (format CDR/DVD)
    • Cost to order the data: none

  5. Is there some other way to get the data?
    none
  6. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    This text file was created for import into other programs.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 22-Sep-2021
Metadata author:
Nancy T. DeWitt
U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Geologist
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
USA

(727) 803-8747 x3058 (voice)
ndewitt@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
Metadata extensions used:
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/ds-675metadata.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Wed Sep 22 17:19:08 2021