Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana, June 9, 2011

Metadata also available as - [Outline] - [Parseable text] - [XML]

Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana, June 9, 2011
Abstract:
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts baseline and storm-response photography missions to document and understand the changes in vulnerability of the Nation's coasts to extreme storms. On June 9, 2011, the USGS conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana, aboard a Beechcraft BE90 King Air aircraft at an altitude of 500 feet (ft) and approximately 1,200 ft offshore (fig. 2, http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1044/html/ds1044_fig2.html). This mission was flown to collect data for assessing incremental changes in the beach and nearshore area since the last survey, flown in January 2011 (Chandeleur Islands, and Breton Island, Louisiana) (http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=11CCH01) (unpublished); July 2010 (Dauphin Island, Alabama) (http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=10CCH01) (unpublished); and September 2008 (Petit Bois Island, Mississippi, to Cat Island, Mississippi) (http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=08ACH06) (Morgan, 2016, [https://doi.org/10.3133/ds990]). The data can be used to assess future coastal change. The photographs provided are Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images. The photograph locations are an estimate of the position of the aircraft and do not indicate the location of the feature in the images (See the Navigation Data page, http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1044/html/ds1044_nav.html). These photographs document the configuration of the barrier islands and other coastal features at the time of the survey. ExifTool (version 4.0) was used to add the following to the header of each photo: time of collection, Global Positioning System (GPS) latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. Photographs can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer by clicking on a thumbnail on the contact sheet. All image times are recorded in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). Table 1 (http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1044/html/ds1044_table.html) provides detailed information about the assigned location, name, date, and time the photograph was taken along with links to the photograph. In addition to the photographs, a Google Earth Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file is provided and can be used to view the images by clicking on the marker and then clicking on either the thumbnail or the link above the thumbnail. The KML files were created using the photographic navigation files. Note: A KML number was assigned to each photograph to aid navigation of the Google Earth file. These numbers correspond to the site labels in Google Earth.
Supplemental_Information:
For a summary of field activity 11CCH02 please see http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=11CCH02. Bounding coordinates for the oblique aerial survey are derived from the overall flight path found in the raw GPS data. Ancillary files included in this publication are ds1044_11CCH02.csv, and ds1044_11CCH02.kml, in addition to the digital oblique aerial image files.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Morgan, Karen L.M., 2017, Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana, June 9, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Data Series 1044, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, Fla..

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: None
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -89.4547150
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.0656250
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.4009933
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.4598600
  3. What does it look like?
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1044/downloads/maps/index.jpg (JPG)
    Index map of survey area flight path during USGS field activity 11CCH02.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1044/html/html_images/fig2.jpg (JPG)
    Graphic of acquisition geometry (Figure 2) for USGS field activity 11CCH02. Graphic shows basic flight distance from the shore and elevation during the survey for the aircraft used.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1044/downloads/maps/11CCH02_1.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of Area 1 for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana, to Breton Island, Louisiana (first pass). The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1044/downloads/maps/11CCH02_2.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of Area 2 for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana (second pass). The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1044/downloads/maps/11CCH02_3.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of Area 3 for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Cat Island, Mississippi. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1044/downloads/maps/inset04_dauphin.jpg (JPG)
    Inset map showing the extent of inset04_dauphin.jpg for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from Dauphin Island, Alabama. The flight path, divided up into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 09-Jun-2011
    Beginning_Time: 143820
    Ending_Date: 09-Jun-2011
    Ending_Time: 175933
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:
    Multimedia presentation of JPEG images and point data in ASCII and CSV files
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      Indirect_Spatial_Reference: none
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is North American 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Graphic Image Files: The index map (fig. 1, http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1044/downloads/maps/index.jpg) is a JPEG image. The index map shows the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana, on June 9, 2011. The index map also shows three areas, which link to more detailed maps and indicate how the full-size photographs are divided into each area.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Navigation files: The navigation file is ds1044_11CCH02.csv (located in the nav folder). The processed files (.csv) and the raw navigation files (.txt) are comma-delimited and tab-delimited ASCII text files, respectively.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: KML file: The KML file is ds1044_11CCH02.kml.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
    Morgan, K.L.M., Krohn, M.D., and Guy, K.K., 2016, Post-hurricane Ike coastal oblique aerial photographs collected along the Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana barrier islands and the north Texas coast, September 14-15, 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 990, accessed May 26, 2016, at https://doi.org/10.3133/ds990).

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Karen L.M. Morgan
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Funding and (or) support for this study was provided by the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP). The authors wish to thank pilot, Mitch Bobowski, for his assistance in data collection. This report benefited from the comments and reviews of Alexandra Fredericks and Patricia (Soupy) Dalyander with the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC), St. Petersburg, Fla.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

To provide access to digital photographs taken as part of the June 9, 2011, baseline oblique aerial survey collected along the coast, from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana, and to provide access to attribute data that documents the time and location of where each photograph was taken.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 09-Jun-2011 (process 1 of 11)
    Image Acquisition: Photographs were taken using a Nikon D1X camera. The camera was tethered to a Panasonic CF-51 Toughbook. Images were written directly to the computer hard drive using Nikon Capture Control Version 4.4.2. An effort was made at the beginning of the flight to synchronize both the computer and the camera's internal clocks to within 1 second of UTC time from the GPS sensor. The D1X records GPS in the EXIF header. Image size is approximately 6 megapixels. Photographer: Karen L.M. Morgan. Note: GPS locations indicate the position of the aircraft at the time of the photograph, not the position of the feature in the image. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 10-Jun-2011 (process 2 of 11)
    Navigation Files: Navigation files were extracted as comma-delimited American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) text files from Fugawi Marine ENC Ver. 4 Navigation Software. The Garmin GPS 18 PC recorded the following: latitude (decimal degrees), longitude (decimal degrees), UTC, altitude (meters), local date (yyyymmdd), UTC date (yyyymmdd), local time (hhmmss), UTC time (hhmmss), speed (km/h), leg bearing, true/magnetic indicator, leg distance (meters from last data point), total flight distance (meters), and sequence number at an interval of approximately 1 every second. Navigation files can be found in the USGS Data Series 1044 nav folder (http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1044/downloads/nav). Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 10-Jun-2011 (process 3 of 11)
    Image Processing: Images were converted to JPEG format using Nikon Capture Camera Editor Ver 4.4.2. Images in JPG format were saved using the file name convention yyyy_mmdd_hhmmssd.jpg (where yyyy denotes the year, mmdd denotes the month and day, and the "d" denotes acquisition using a digital camera). The names provide information about the photograph's year, month, day, hour, minute, and second. For example, image 2011_0609_133636d.jpg was taken June 09, 2011, at 13:36:36 UTC. An effort was made to set the camera's internal clock to within 1 second of UTC at the beginning of the flight. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 11-Jun-2011 (process 4 of 11)
    Navigation processing: Using a custom Perl script written by Karen Morgan, USGS, GPS data and image files were used to generate CSV files containing latitude, longitude, and time recorded for each image. All the processed navigation files were concatenated and saved as a comma-separated value (CSV) file, ds1044_11CCH02.csv, using Microsoft Excel 2011. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 24-Jun-2016 (process 5 of 11)
    HTML Creation: The digital images were organized into 5-minute time segments. These 5-minute segments were used to create HTML pages, called contact sheets. A contact sheet was created for every 5-minute segment of the survey. The contact sheets contain thumbnails of each of the photographs. Each thumbnail links to the corresponding full-size area map or photograph. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 24-Jun-2016 (process 6 of 11)
    Geospatial Processing: The spreadsheets containing navigation data were edited using Microsoft Excel 2011 and saved as comma-separated value (CSV) files to make them compatible with ArcGIS software. The latitude and longitude data from the CSV navigation file was used to produce Esri shapefiles using ArcGIS 10.3. These shapefiles were used to produce the JPEG maps included in this report. The shapefiles are not included in this report. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 23-May-2016 (process 7 of 11)
    Survey map creation: The survey maps provided in this archive were created with Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri) ArcGIS 10.3 software and saved as Adobe Illustrator (.ai) files. Survey maps were edited using Adobe Illustrator CS6 and exported in JPEG format. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 23-May-2016 (process 8 of 11)
    Google Earth file creation: The KML files were created using the photographic navigation file ds1044_11CCH02.csv. The USGS is the originator of all layers. To aid navigation through the Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file, each image was assigned a sequential KML number. Table 1 (http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1044/html/ds1044_table.html) shows the KML number given to each image, the corresponding image name, and associated attributes. Each point on the Google Earth file contains the KML number, storm name or "baseline", latitude, longitude, image name, geographic area, date, time, a thumbnail of the full-size photograph, and links to the full-size photographs and contact sheets. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Jun-2011 (process 9 of 11)
    EXIF headers: Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) and International Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC) headers were populated from the command prompt using the software ExifTool (http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool, 2012) as part of the post-flight processing using a Perl script written by Karen Morgan, USGS, St. Petersburg, Fla. ExifTool added the following data to the EXIFHeader: time of collection, GPS latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 23-May-2016 (process 10 of 11)
    FACS Logs: In addition to the process steps described above, the following steps were taken to produce this USGS Data Series report: digital Field Activity Collection System (FACS) logs were created at the beginning of each flight and saved as PDF and TXT files. In addition, an HTML-based format was used to present the various parts of this archive. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 11 of 11)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Best attempts were made to set the camera to UTC time on the GPS receivers at the beginning of each flight. Latitude, longitude, and time were collected at an interval of approximately once per second. NOTE: Latitude and longitude positions in this report refer to the position of the aircraft, not the position of the landmarks photographed. Refer to the Process Steps below for more detail.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Best attempts were made to maintain the same relative distance between the aircraft and the beach in order to keep a constant field of view.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    no known issues
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Data presented here include the digitally collected photographs in JPEG format with an Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) header embedded with the individual photograph's location along the flight path of a baseline coastal oblique aerial photographic survey of the coast, taken from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana. This mission was flown on June 9, 2011, aboard a Beechcraft BE90 King Air aircraft, tail number N155LS. Crew members of the USGS in St. Petersburg, Fla., included Karen L.M. Morgan, M. Dennis Krohn, and Kristy Guy, and pilot Mitch Bobowski of Bay Air Charters, Inc. Also on the flight were Christina Melton and Rex Fortenberry (PBS Baton Rouge). Still photography was collected along the coast during this survey. GPS Data Collection - Instrument: Garmin GPS 18 PC, WAAS Enabled. Data Collection Interval: 1 Second. Data File Format: Native Fugawi and Text. Number of files created: two. Computer used: Panasonic Toughbook CF-51. Software: Fugawi Marine ENC, Ver. 4 GPS Navigation Software. The GPS unit was used to record navigation fixes of the aircraft, not the position of the features imaged. For a summary of field activity 11CCH02 please see http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=11CCH02.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as the originator of the data in future products or derivative research.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1044
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: CSV: Comma separate values files representing table information collected during the flight. JPEG: Images can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer. The survey's full-size photographs are divided into three areas. ds1044_11CCH02.kml has 1093 photographs. TXT: Text files representing the navigation files, FACS log, metadata and read-me files collected during and after the survey. KML: The KML file provided may be viewed with Google Earth (http://www.google.com/earth/download/ge/agree.html). in format CSV, JPEG, TXT, KML
      Network links: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1044
    • Cost to order the data: Prices vary. None.

    • Special instructions:
      Publications are available from USGS Information Services, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO, 80225-0046 (telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS, e-mail: infoservices@usgs.gov).

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 13-Oct-2020
Metadata author:
Karen L.M. Morgan
USGS
Geologist
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
USA

(727) 502-8037 (voice)
kmorgan@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Federal Geographic Data Committee's Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/ds1044_metadata.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Tue Sep 21 18:18:54 2021