Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Owls Head, Maine, to the Virginia/North Carolina border, May 19-22, 2009

Frequently anticipated questions:

• What does this data set describe?
  1. How might this data set be cited?
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
• Who produced the data set?
  1. Who are the originators of the data set?
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
• Why was the data set created?
• How was the data set created?
  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
• How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?
  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the data, including topology?
• How can someone get a copy of the data set?
  1. Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
  2. Who distributes the data?
  3. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  4. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
  5. How can I download or order the data?
• Who wrote the metadata?

What does this data set describe?

1. How might this data set be cited?
   Morgan, Karen L.M., Hapke, Cheryl J., and Himmelstoss, Emily A., 2015, Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Owls Head, Maine, to the Virginia/North Carolina border, May 19-22, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Data Series 946, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, Fla..

   Online Links:

   • http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946

2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

   West_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.223212
   East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.52788387
   North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.589587
   South_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.887498
   

3. What does it look like?

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/index.jpg (JPG)

   Index map of all survey areas covered during USGS field activity 09ACH01.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/html/images/fig2.jpg (JPG)

   Graphic for Acquisition Geometry (Figure 2) for USGS field activity 09ACH01. Graphic shows basic flight distance from the shore and elevation during the survey for the aircraft used.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/html/images/contents.jpg (JPG)

   Graphic used on Contents page of USGS field activity 09ACH01 oblique aerial photographs Data Series. Graphic shows the directory structure of the publication.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/09ACH01_1.jpg (JPG)

   Area 1 - Owls, Maine, Head to Portland, Maine. Map showing the baseline coastal oblique aerial survey flight path divided into 5-minute (time) segments. The flight path is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. Click on the five-minute segment name to view each contact sheet. Click on the inset box to view a detailed map of the area.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/09ACH01_2.jpg (JPG)

   Area 2 - Portland, Maine to Humarock, Massachusetts, continuing on to Falmouth Airpark. Map showing the baseline coastal oblique aerial survey flight path divided into 5-minute (time) segments. The flight path is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. Click on the five-minute segment name to view each contact sheet.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/09ACH01_3.jpg (JPG)

   Area 3 - Humarock, Massachusetts, to the Cape Cod Canal, then from Provincetown to Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge, Massachusetts. Map showing the baseline coastal oblique aerial survey flight path divided into 5-minute (time) segments. The flight path is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. Click on the five-minute segment name to view each contact sheet. Click on the inset box to view a detailed map of the area.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/09ACH01_4.jpg (JPG)

   Area 4 - Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge to Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard, and back to Chatham, Massachusetts. Map showing the baseline coastal oblique aerial survey flight path divided into 5-minute (time) segments. The flight path is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. Click on the five-minute segment name to view each contact sheet.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/09ACH01_5.jpg (JPG)

   Area 5 - Nantucket Sound coastline of Cape Cod to South Dartmouth, Massachusetts. Map showing the baseline coastal oblique aerial survey flight path divided into 5-minute (time) segments. The flight path is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. Click on the five-minute segment name to view each contact sheet.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/09ACH01_6.jpg (JPG)

   Area 6 - South Dartmouth, Massachusetts, to Sagaponack, New York. Map showing the baseline coastal oblique aerial survey flight path divided into 5-minute (time) segments. The flight path is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. Click on the five-minute segment name to view each contact sheet.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/09ACH01_7.jpg (JPG)

   Area 7 - Sagaponack to Point Lookout, New York. Map showing the baseline coastal oblique aerial survey flight path divided into 5-minute (time) segments. The flight path is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. Click on the five-minute segment name to view each contact sheet. Click on the inset box to view a detailed map of the area.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/09ACH01_8.jpg (JPG)

   Area 8 - Point Lookout, New York, to Ocean City, New Jersey. Map showing the baseline coastal oblique aerial survey flight path divided into 5-minute (time) segments. The flight path is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. Click on the five-minute segment name to view each contact sheet. Click on the inset box to view a detailed map of the area.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/09ACH01_9.jpg (JPG)

   Area 9 - Ocean City, New Jersey, to Wallops Island, Virginia. Map showing the baseline coastal oblique aerial survey flight path divided into 5-minute (time) segments. The flight path is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. Click on the five-minute segment name to view each contact sheet. Click on the inset box to view a detailed map of the area.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/09ACH01_10.jpg (JPG)

   Area 10 - Wallops Island, Virginia, to the Virginia/North Carolina boarder. Map showing the baseline coastal oblique aerial survey flight path divided into 5-minute (time) segments. The flight path is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. Click on the five-minute segment name to view each contact sheet.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/09ACH01_11.jpg (JPG)

   Area 11 - Norfolk Airport, Virginia, to Falmouth Airpark, Massachusetts. Map showing the baseline coastal oblique aerial survey flight path divided into 5-minute (time) segments. The flight path is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. Click on the five-minute segment name to view each contact sheet.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/inset4_capelizabeth.jpg (JPG)

   The Cape Elizabeth area inset map (Area 1). Map showing the flight path of the coastal oblique aerial survey of the Cape Elizabeth area, Maine, from Portland, Maine, to Kennebunkport, Maine, on May 19, 2009. Purple and yellow colored lines correspond to 5-minute flight segments that link to contact sheets of associated photo thumbnails. Click on the 5-minute segment name to view each contact sheet.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/inset5_chatham.jpg (JPG)

   Chatham Inset Map (Area 3). Map showing the flight path of the coastal oblique aerial survey the inlet at Chatham Harbor, Massachusetts, on May 20, 2009. Purple and yellow colored lines correspond to 5-minute flight segments that link to contact sheets of associated photo thumbnails. Click on the 5-minute segment name to view each contact sheet.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/inset6_cupsoque.jpg (JPG)

   Cupsoque Inset Map (Area 7). Map showing the flight path of the coastal oblique aerial survey from West Hampton Dunes, New York, to Smith Point County Park, New York, on May 21, 2009. Purple and yellow colored lines correspond to 5-minute flight segments that link to contact sheets of associated photo thumbnails. Click on the 5-minute segment name to view each contact sheet.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/inset7_oceancitynj.jpg (JPG)

   Ocean City, New Jersey, Inset Map (Area 8). Map showing the flight path of the coastal oblique aerial survey from Longport, New Jersey, to Strathmere, New Jersey, on May 21, 2009. Purple and yellow colored lines correspond to 5-minute flight segments that link to contact sheets of associated photo thumbnails. Click on the 5-minute segment name to view each contact sheet.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/maps/inset8_oceancitymd.jpg (JPG)

   Ocean City, Maryland, Inset Map (Area 9). Map showing the flight path of the coastal oblique aerial survey from Ocean City, Maryland, through the north end of Assateague Island, Maryland, on May 21, 2009. Purple and yellow colored lines correspond to 5-minute flight segments that link to contact sheets of associated photo thumbnails. Click on the 5-minute segment name to view each contact sheet.

4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

   Beginning_Date: 19-May-2009

   Ending_Date: 22-May-2009

   Currentness_Reference:

   ground condition

5. What is the general form of this data set?

   Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Multimedia presentation
   

6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
   1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      

      Indirect_Spatial_Reference: none
      

   2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D North American 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222.
      
7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

   Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

   Graphic Image Files: The index map is a JPEG image. The index map shows the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Owls Head, Maine, to the Virginia/North Carolina border, May 19-22, 2009. The index map also shows five region boxes, which link to more detailed maps and indicate how the full-size photographs are divided into area(s) The survey area maps are JPEG images. The survey maps contain links to the 5-minute segment contact sheet pages.

   Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

   Navigation file(s): The navigation files are ds946_09ach01_0519.csv, ds946_09ach01_0519_garmin.txt, ds946_09ach01_0522.csv, and ds946_09ach01_0522_garmin.txt (located in the nav folder). The processed files are (*.csv, comma-delimited) and the raw navigation files are (*.txt, comma-delimited).

   Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

   KML file(s): The KML files are ds946_09ACH01_0519.kml and ds946_09ACH01_0522.kml.

   Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:

   Subino, J.A., Morgan, K.L.M., Krohn, M.D., Miller, G.K., Dadisman, S.V., Forde, A.S., 2012, Archive of post-Hurricane Charley coastal oblique aerial photographs collected during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 04CCH01 from Marco Island to Fort DeSoto, Florida, August 15, 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 651, 2 DVDs, at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/651/.

Who produced the data set?

1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
   • Karen L.M. Morgan
   • Cheryl J. Hapke
   • Emily A. Himmelstoss
2. Who also contributed to the data set?

   Funding and (or) support for this study was provided by the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP). The authors wish to thank pilot, Phillip E. "Brud" Folger, for his assistance in data collection. This report benefited from the comments and reviews of Kara Doran and Patricia (Soupy) Dalyander with the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC), St. Petersburg, Fla.

3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
   K. Morgan

   USGS

   Geologist

   600 4th Street South

   St. Petersburg, FL
   

   USA

   (727) 502-8037 (voice)

   kmorgan@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

To provide access to digital photographs taken as part of the May 19-22, 2009, baseline oblique aerial survey collected along the coast, from Owls Head, Maine, to the Virginia/North Carolina border, and to provide access to attribute data that documents the time and location of where each photograph was taken.

How was the data set created?

1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

   Date: 15-Dec-2009 (process 1 of 9)

   Photographs were taken using a Nikon D1X camera. Images were saved to the camera's internal card. Best effort was made at the beginning of the flight to synchronize both the computer and the camera's internal clocks to within 1 second of UTC time from the GPS sensor. The D1X records GPS in the EXIF Header. Image size is approximately 6 megapixels. Images from this camera are denoted with a "d" in the filename. Photographer: Karen L.M. Morgan. Note: GPS locations indicate the position of the aircraft at the time of the photograph, not the position of the feature in the image. Person who carried out this activity:
   

   K. Morgan

   USGS

   Geologist

   600 4th Street South

   St. Petersburg, FL
   

   USA

   (727) 502-8037 (voice)

   kmorgan@usgs.gov

   Date: 15-Dec-2009 (process 2 of 9)

   Photographs were taken using a Canon EOS 20D camera. Images were saved to the camera's internal card. Best effort was made at the beginning of the flight to synchronize both the computer and the camera's internal clocks to within 1 second of UTC time from the GPS sensor. Image size is approximately 8 megapixels. Images from this camera are denoted with a "d2" in the filename. Photographer: Cheryl Hapke. Note: GPS locations indicate the position of the aircraft at the time of the photograph, not the position of the feature in the image. Person who carried out this activity:
   

   K. Morgan

   USGS

   Geologist

   600 4th Street South

   St. Petersburg, FL
   

   USA

   (727) 502-8037 (voice)

   kmorgan@usgs.gov

   Date: 15-Dec-2009 (process 3 of 9)

   Photographs were taken using a Pentax K100D camera. Images were saved to the camera's internal card. Best effort was made at the beginning of the flight to synchronize both the computer and the camera's internal clocks to within 1 second of UTC time from the GPS sensor. Images from this camera are denoted with a "d3" in the filename. Image size is approximately 6 megapixels. Photographer: Emily Himmelstoss. Note: GPS locations indicate the position of the aircraft at the time of the photograph, not the position of the feature in the image. Person who carried out this activity:
   

   K. Morgan

   USGS

   Geologist

   600 4th Street South

   St. Petersburg, FL
   

   USA

   (727) 502-8037 (voice)

   kmorgan@usgs.gov

   Date: 15-Dec-2009 (process 4 of 9)

   Navigation files were extracted as comma-delimited American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) text files from Fugawi Marine ENC Ver 4. The Garmin GPS 18 PC recorded: latitude (decimal degrees), longitude (decimal degrees), UTM eastings, UTM northings, UTM zone, altitude (meters), local date (yyyymmdd), UTC date (yyyymmdd), local time (hhmmss), UTC time (hhmmss), speed (kilometers per hour, kph), leg distance (meters from last data point), true/magnetic indicatior, total flight distance (meters), and sequence number at an interval of approximately 1 every second. Navigation files can be found in the USGS Data Series 946 (http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/html/ds946_nav.html). Person who carried out this activity:
   

   K. Morgan

   USGS

   Geologist

   600 4th Street South

   St. Petersburg, FL
   

   USA

   (727) 502-8037 (voice)

   kmorgan@usgs.gov

   Date: 15-Dec-2009 (process 5 of 9)

   Geospatial Processing: The navigation data were edited using Microsoft Excel 2011 and saved as comma-separated value (CSV) files to make them compatible with ArcGIS software and were used to produce Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri) shapefiles using ArcGIS 10.1. These shapefiles were used to produce the JPEG maps included in this report however, the shapefiles are not included in this report. Person who carried out this activity:
   

   K. Morgan

   USGS

   Geologist

   600 4th Street South

   St. Petersburg, FL
   

   USA

   (727) 502-8037 (voice)

   kmorgan@usgs.gov

   Date: 20-Nov-2014 (process 6 of 9)

   Survey map creation: The survey maps provided in this archive were created with Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) ArcGIS 10.1 software and saved as Adobe Illustrator (*.ai) files. Survey maps were edited using Adobe Illustrator CS6 and exported in JPEG format. Person who carried out this activity:
   

   K. Morgan

   USGS

   Geologist

   600 4th Street South

   St. Petersburg, FL
   

   USA

   (727) 502-8037 (voice)

   kmorgan@usgs.gov

   Date: 20-Nov-2014 (process 7 of 9)

   Google Earth file creation: The KML files were created using the photographic navigation file ds946_09ACH01_0519.csv (3 days) and ds946_09ACH01_0522.csv (return flight). To aid navigation through the Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file, each image was assigned a sequential KML number. Table 1 (http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946/html/ds946_table.html) of this report shows the KML number given to each image, the corresponding image name, and associated attributes. Each point on the Google Earth file contains the KML number, storm name, latitude, longitude, image name, geographic area, date, time, a thumbnail of the full-size photograph, and links to the full-size photographs and contact sheets. Person who carried out this activity:
   

   K. Morgan

   USGS

   Geologist

   600 4th Street South

   St. Petersburg, FL
   

   USA

   (727) 502-8037 (voice)

   kmorgan@usgs.gov

   Date: 20-Nov-2014 (process 8 of 9)

   In addition to the process steps described above, the following steps were taken to produce this Data Series: Digital Field Activity Collection System (FACS) logs were created at the beginning of each flight and saved as PDF and TXT files. In addition, an HTML-based format was used to present the various parts of this archive. Person who carried out this activity:
   

   K. Morgan

   USGS

   Geologist

   600 4th Street South

   St. Petersburg, FL
   

   USA

   (727) 502-8037 (voice)

   kmorgan@usgs.gov

   Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 9 of 9)

   Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
   

   U.S. Geological Survey

   Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross

   Marine Geologist

   384 Woods Hole Road

   Woods Hole, MA
   

   508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)

   508-457-2310 (FAX)

   vatnipp@usgs.gov

3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

1. How well have the observations been checked?
   Best attempts were made to set all three the cameras used during this survey to UTC time on the GPS receivers at the beginning of each flight. Latitude, longitude, and time were collected at an interval of approximately once per second. NOTE: Latitude and longitude positions in this report refer to the position of the aircraft, not the position of the landmarks photographed. Refer to the Process Steps below for more detail.
2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
   Best attempts were made to maintain the same relative distance between the aircraft and the beach in order to keep a constant field of view.
3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
   
4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
   No known issues. Photographs taken on May 22, 2009 (Area Map 11) were taken during the transit back to Falmouth Airpark. No surveying was done on this date. Therefore pictures were taken as the opportunity arose to illustrate some coastal process or feature along the coast.
5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
   Data presented here include the digitally collected photographs in JPEG format with EXIF headers embedded with the individual photograph's location along the flight path of a baseline coastal oblique aerial photographic survey of the coast, from Owls Head, Maine, to the Virginia/North Carolina border This mission was flown on May 19-22, 2009, aboard a Cessna 207A, tail number N70437. Crew members from the USGS include Karen L.M. Morgan, Cheryl Hapke, and Emily Himmelstoss, with pilot, Phillip E. "Brud" Folger, of Penobscot Island Air. Still photography was collected along the coast during this survey. Photographer: Karen L.M. Morgan, Cheryl Hapke, and Emily Himmelstoss. GPS Data Collection: Instrument: Garmin GPS 18 PC, WAAS Enabled. Data Collection Interval: 1 Second. Data File Format: Native Fugawi and Text. Number of files created: 2. Computer/Software: Computer: Panasonic Toughbook CF-51. Software: Fugawi Marine ENC, ver. 4.4 The GPS unit was used to record navigation fixes of the aircraft, not the position of the features imaged. For a summary of field activity 09ACH01 please see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=09ACH01.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of the data in future products or derivative research.

1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
   
   K. Morgan

   USGS

   Geologist

   600 4th Street South

   St. Petersburg, FL
   

   USA

   (727) 502-8037 (voice)

   kmorgan@usgs.gov
2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 946
3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

   This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.

4. How can I download or order the data?
   • Availability in digital form:

     Data format:

     CSV: CSV files representing table information collected during the flight. JPEG: Images can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer. The survey's full-size photographs are divided into 11 areas. KML: ds946_09ACH01_0519.kml (3 days) has 12,447 photographs. ds946_09ACH01_0522.kml (return flight) has 279 photographs. TXT: Text files representing the navigation files, FACS log, metadata and readme files collected during and after the survey. KML: The KMLs provided may be viewed with Google Earth (http://www.google.com/earth/download/ge/agree.html). in format CSV, JPEG, TXT, KML

     Network links:

     http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0946

   • Cost to order the data: Prices vary. None.

   • Special instructions:

     Publications are available from USGS Information Services, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO, 80225-0046 (telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS, e-mail: infoservices@usgs.gov).

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:

Last modified: 24-Feb-2021

Metadata author:

K. Morgan

USGS

Geologist

600 4th Street South

St. Petersburg, FL

USA

(727) 502-8037 (voice)

kmorgan@usgs.gov

Metadata standard:

FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)