Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana, to Brownsville, Texas, September 9-10, 2008

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana, to Brownsville, Texas, September 9-10, 2008
Abstract:
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts baseline and storm-response photography missions to document and understand the changes in vulnerability of the Nation's coasts to extreme storms. On September 9-10, 2008, the USGS conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey (during Field Activity Number [FAN] 08ACH05) from Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana, to Brownsville, Texas, aboard a Cessna C-210 aircraft at an altitude of 500 feet (ft) and approximately 1,000 ft offshore (Figure 2, http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0991/html/ds991_fig2.html). This mission was flown to collect data for assessing incremental changes in the beach and nearshore area and can be used for assessing future coastal change. The photographs provided here are Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images. The photograph locations are an estimate of the position of the aircraft and do not indicate the location of the feature in the images (See the Navigation Data page, http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0991/html/ds991_nav.html). These photographs document the configuration of the barrier islands and other coastal features at the time of the survey. ExifTool was used to add the following to the header of each photo: time of collection, Global Positioning System (GPS) latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. Photographs can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer by clicking on a thumbnail on the contact sheet. All image times are recorded in UTC. Table 1 (http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0991/html/ds991_table.html) provides detailed information about the assigned location, name, date, and time the photograph was taken along with links to the photograph. In addition to the photographs, a Google Earth Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file is provided and can be used to view the images by clicking on the marker and then clicking on either the thumbnail or the link above the thumbnail. The KML files were created using the photographic navigation files. Note: A KML number was assigned to each photograph to aid navigation of the Google Earth file. These numbers correspond to the site labels in Google Earth.
Supplemental_Information:
For a summary of field activity 08ACH05 please see http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=08ACH05. Bounding coordinates and start and end times for the Data Series were derived from the overall flight path included in the raw GPS data. Ancillary files included in this publication are ds991_08ACH05_0909_gpsmap60c.txt, ds991_08ACH05.csv, and ds991_08ach05.kml, in addition to the digitized oblique aerial image files.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Morgan, Karen L.M., and Westphal, Karen A., 2016, Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana, to Brownsville, Texas, September 9-10, 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Data Series 991, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, Fla..

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: None.
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -97.377485
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -90.016354
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.953816
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 25.94557
  3. What does it look like?
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0991/downloads/maps/index.jpg (JPG)
    Index map of survey area flight path during USGS field activity 08ACH05.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0991/html/html_images/fig2.jpg (JPG)
    Graphic of acquisition geometry (Figure 2) for USGS field activity 08ACH05. Graphic shows basic flight distance from the shore and elevation during the survey for the aircraft used.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0991/html/html_images/contents.jpg (JPG)
    Graphic used on Contents page of USGS field activity 08ACH05 oblique aerial photographs Data Series. Graphic shows the directory structure of the publication.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0991/downloads/maps/08ACH05_1.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of Area 1 for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana, to Galveston, Texas. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0991/downloads/maps/08ACH05_2.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of Area 2 for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from Galveston, Texas, to Matagorda Island, Texas. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0991/downloads/maps/08ACH05_3.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of Area 3 for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from Matagorda Island, Texas, to Brownsville, Texas. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0991/downloads/maps/08ACH05_4.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of Area 4 for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from Matagorda Island, Texas, to Gilchrist, Texas. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 09-Sep-2008
    Beginning_Time: 134935
    Ending_Date: 10-Sep-2008
    Ending_Time: 203426
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:
    Multimedia presentation of JPEG images and point data in ASCII and CSV files
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      Indirect_Spatial_Reference: none
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is North American 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Graphic Image Files: The index map is a JPEG image. The index map shows thebaseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana, to Brownsville, Texas, September 9-10, 2008. The index map also shows areas which link to more detailed maps and indicate how the full-size photographs were divided into each area. The survey area maps are JPEG images. The survey maps contain links to the 5-minute segment contact sheets.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Navigation file(s): The processed files (*.csv) and the raw navigation files (*.txt) are comma-delimited and tab-delimited ASCII text files, respectively.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
    Navigation, maps and KML files were derived from GPS data collected in flight.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Karen L.M. Morgan
    • Karen A. Westphal
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Funding and (or) support for this study was provided by the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP). The authors wish to thank pilot, Philip Kraner, and Dina Maygarden, assistant to Karen Westphal, for their assistance in data collection.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

To provide access to digital photographs taken as part of the September 9-10, 2008, baseline oblique aerial survey collected along the coast, from Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana, to Brownsville, Texas, and to provide access to attribute data that document the time and location of where each photograph was taken.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 15-Sep-2008 (process 1 of 9)
    Image Acquisition: Photographs were taken using a Canon EOS Poweshot A720 IS with automatic focus and a haze filter. Images were written to internal camera cards. Image size is approximately 8 megapixels. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Sep-2008 (process 2 of 9)
    Navigation Files: Navigation files were extracted in multiple file formats (text, *.gdb, *gpx, *mps, *.dxf) from the Garmin GPSMAP 60CSx. The GPS recorded latitude, longitude, date/time, altitude, depth, leg length, leg time, leg speed, and leg course. Navigation files can be found on the Navigation Page of the USGS Data Series (DS991) associated with this metadata. Only the test file is included in this report. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Sep-2008 (process 3 of 9)
    HTML Creation: The digital images were organized into 5-minute (time) segments. These 5-minute segments were used to create HTML pages, called contact sheets. A contact sheet was created for every 5-minute segment of the survey. The contact sheets contain thumbnails of each of the photographs. Each thumbnail links to the corresponding full-size area map or photograph. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Sep-2008 (process 4 of 9)
    Geospatial Processing: Spreadsheets containing the GPS data were edited using Microsoft Excel 2011 and saved as a comma-separated value (CSV) file to ensure compatibility with ArcGIS software. The latitude/longitude data from the CSV navigation file, called XSTORMS.h20080909_photographs, were used to produce Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri) shapefiles using ArcGIS 10.1. These shapefiles were used to produce the JPEG maps included in the Data Series; however, the shapefiles were not included in the report. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Sep-2015 (process 5 of 9)
    Survey map creation: The survey maps provided in this archive were created with Esri ArcGIS 10.1 software and saved as Adobe Illustrator (*.ai) files. Survey maps were edited using Adobe Illustrator CS6 and exported in JPEG format. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Sep-2015 (process 6 of 9)
    Google Earth file creation: The Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file were created using the photographic navigation file ds991_08ach05.csv. The USGS is the originator of all other layers. To aid navigation through the KML file, each image was assigned a sequential KML number. Table 1 (http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0991/html/ds991_table.html) of this report shows the KML number given to each image, the corresponding image name, and associated attributes. Each point on the Google Earth file contains the KML number, storm name, latitude, longitude, image name, geographic area, date, time, a thumbnail of the full-size photograph, and links to the full-size photographs and contact sheets. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Sep-2008 (process 7 of 9)
    EXIF headers: Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) and International Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC) headers were populated from the command prompt using ExifTool (http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool, 2012) ExifTool was executed from a directory containing all photographs to be edited and a CSV file with information for each of the photographs. The metadata values for photo creation include time, GPS latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact and were added to each photograph's EXIF header. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Sep-2015 (process 8 of 9)
    FACS Logs: In addition to the process steps described above, the following steps were taken to produce this Data Series report: digital Field Activity Collection System (FACS) logs were created at the beginning of each flight and saved as PDF and TXT files. In addition, an HTML-based format was used to present the various parts of this archive. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 9 of 9)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Best attempts were made to set the camera to UTC on the GPS receivers at the beginning of each flight. Latitude, longitude, and time were collected at an interval of approximately once every 2 seconds. NOTE: Latitude and longitude positions in this report refer to the position of the aircraft, not the position of the landmarks photographed. Refer to the Process Steps below for more detail.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Best attempts were made to maintain the same relative distance between the aircraft and the beach in order to keep a constant field of view.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    No known issues
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Data presented here include the digitally collected photographs in JPEG format with Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) headers embedded with the individual photograph's location along the flight path of a baseline coastal oblique aerial photographic survey of the coast, from Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana, to Brownsville, Texas. This mission was flown on September 9-10, 2008, aboard a Cessna C-210, tail number N954RW. Still photography was collected along the coast during this survey. Photographer: Karen A. Westphal (photographer; work done under contract to the USGS). GPS Data Collection: Instrument: Garmin GPSMAP 60CSx. Data Collection Interval: 2 Seconds. Data File Format: text, *.gdb, *gpx, *mps, *.dxf. Number of files created: 5 (Note: Only the text file is included in this report). Computer: none. Software: none. The GPS unit was used to record navigation fixes of the aircraft, not the position of the features imaged.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of the data in future products or derivative research.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 991
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: CSV: CSV files representing table information collected during the flight. JPEG: Images can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer. The survey's full-size photographs are divided into areas. ds991_08ACH05.kml has 1492 photographs. TXT: Text files representing the navigation files, FACS log, metadata and read-me files collected during and after the survey. KML: The KML provided may be viewed with Google Earth (http://www.google.com/earth/download/ge/agree.html). in format CSV, JPEG, TXT, KML
      Network links: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0991
    • Cost to order the data: Prices vary. None, if obtained online.

    • Special instructions:
      Publications are available from USGS Information Services, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO, 80225-0046 (telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS, e-mail: infoservices@usgs.gov).

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 13-Oct-2020
Metadata author:
K. Morgan
USGS
Geologist
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
USA

(727) 502-8037 (voice)
kmorgan@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/ds991_metadata.faq.html>
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