Caitlin E. Reynolds 20250423 tabular digital data Caitlin E. Reynolds Jennifer S. Fehrenbacher Kaustubh Thirumalai Eric J. Tappa Julie N. Richey 20250423 tabular digital data U.S. Geological Survey data release doi:10.5066/P147MDIE St. Petersburg, Florida U.S. Geological Survey – St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center https://doi.org/10.5066/P147MDIE The methodologies and resources which were used to cultivate Globorotalia truncatulinoides and other non-spinose planktic foraminiferal species, such as Globorotalia menardii, are described in this release and in more detail in Reynolds and others (2025). Several specimens (n=69) were collected via plankton tows from the upper 200 meters (m) of the water column from the northern Gulf of America in February 2020, December 2021, and November 2022. Size measurements and growth, notes and observations, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) data were recorded on a few selected foraminifera individuals. The foraminifera specimen survived between 8 and 76 days in a laboratory study (initially cut short by the abrupt closure of laboratory facilities due to the spread of the Coronavirus in 2019 (COVID-19 pandemic). The growth and observation of foraminifera in laboratory culture has been an incredibly valuable tool in studying the biomineralization and partitioning of chemical constituents during foraminiferal calcification. These studies allow for the isolation of physical and chemical conditions that control the elemental and stable isotopic composition of foraminifera and are crucial to calibration and interpretation of paleoenvironmental proxies in foraminifera. Relatively few laboratory culture studies have been carried out in non-spinose species of planktic foraminifera. This study was intended to be a pilot study to test whether G. truncatulinoides and G. menardii specimens could be successfully harvested from plankton tow samples and kept alive in a laboratory at the U.S Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS SPCMSC). In addition to keeping the specimen alive in a lab, further testing included attempting to induce encrustation or gametogenesis under laboratory conditions. Following SPCMSC data management protocols, the field collection activities were assigned USGS field activity numbers (FANs), 2020-302-FA, 2021-334-FA, and 2022-335-FA. Additional field and data details are available for each activity by replacing the FAN (example: 2020-302-FA) in the following url: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/services/activity.php?fan=2020-302-FA. 20200208 20221216 ground condition Complete None planned Gulf of America -90.340433 -89.099333 28.231933 27.533833 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:187f3fdb-e4a5-4730-bf77-977c7c1c5bf9 ISO 19115 Topic Category biota USGS Thesaurus protists laboratory methods field activity logs Common geographic areas Gulf of America Louisiana No access constraints. Please see 'Distribution Information' for details. These data are marked with a Creative Common CC0 1.0 Universal License. These data are in the public domain and do not have any use constraints. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Caitlin E. Reynolds US Geological Survey Geologist mailing and physical

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Saint Petersburg Florida 33701 USA 727-502-8046 creynolds@usgs.gov Environment as of Metadata Creation: MacBook Pro Version 13.6.4; Microsoft Excel for Mac Version 16.82. Caitlin E. Reynolds Jennifer S. Fehrenbacher Kaustubh Thirumalai Eric J. Tappa Julie N. Richey 20250422 publication Journal of Foraminiferal Research Volume 55, Issue 2 McLean, VA GeoScienceWorld Pages 131-143 https://doi.org/10.61551/gsjfr.55.2.131 Jennifer S. Fehrenbacher Ann D. Russell Catherine V. Davis Howard J. Spero Edward Chu Bärbel Hönisch 20180901 publication Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Volume 236 Online Elsevier BV Pages 361-372 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2018.03.008 Alcide d'Orbigny 1839 publication Histoire naturelle des Iles Canaries Volume 2(2) Pages 120-146 https://archive.org/stream/HistoirenaturelIIWebb#page/n375/ W.K. Parker T.R. Jones H.B. Brady 1865 publication Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Volume 7 London, England Taylor and Francis, Ltd Pages 15-41 QA/QC was completed and all notes and observations were recorded. All values fall within expected ranges for each species. QA/QC was completed with two different scientists agreeing upon on the notes and observations Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Thirty-nine live individuals of Globorotalia truncatulinoides specimen were collected from a vertical plankton tow in the surface mixed layer (0–80 meters) of the northern Gulf of America on February 8, 2020. The plankton tow was taken at the site of a long-term sediment trap time series (27.533833 degrees North [°N], 90.340433 degrees West [°W]) during peak annual flux of G. truncatulinoides. The upper 80 m of the water column were fully mixed with an average temperature of 21.1 degrees Celsius (ºC) and salinity of 36.3. The G. truncatulinoides specimens were immediately collected and identified under a dissecting microscope, picked out using small brushes, and rinsed with filtered seawater (0.45-micrometer [µm] nitrocellulose membrane filters). The foraminifera were individually added to 70 milliliter (ml) polystyrene Falcon® culture flasks containing ambient filtered seawater. The flasks were stored in the dark, at ambient temperature (20 ºC). Upon returning to the laboratory at the USGS SPCMSC in St. Petersburg, Florida, the samples were stored in a VWR International Incubator (Model 1575R) set to 20 ºC. 20200208 Seventeen Globorotalia menardii, one Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, one Globorotalia crassaformis, and one Pulleniatina obliquiloculata live specimens were collected December 6, 2021, from a vertical plankton tow in the upper 200 m of the water column at 28.231933°N, 89.099333°W. Averages for temperature and salinity throughout the tow collection were 22.5°C and 36.5 respectively. Ten additional G. menardii live specimen were collected the following year on November 30, 2022 (28.213617°N, 89.131600°W) in the same manner. The upper 200 m had an average temperature of 20.4°C and salinity of 36.4. Species were selected based on their availability in the tow material. Individual foraminifera from both collections were identified under a dissecting microscope (d'Orbigny, 1839; Parker and others, 1865), rinsed with filtered seawater (0.45-µm nitrocellulose membrane filters), and stored in Strontium-87 (87Sr)-labeled seawater (strontium carbonate [SrCO3], Series LH, Batch 136990, 91.26%) inside 70 ml polystyrene Falcon® culture flasks. The 87Sr label has an 87Sr/88Sr ratio four times greater than the natural isotopic abundance ratios and was chosen to geochemically observe growth in culture (Fehrenbacher and others, 2018). The flasks were stored in the dark, at ambient temperature (20 ºC). Once back in the laboratory, the samples were stored in a VWR International Incubator (Model 1575R) set to 20 ºC. 20221130 The data included in this release are qualitative observations of foraminifera in the laboratory. These observations under the microscope were regularly recorded for each foraminifera specimen, and include color, presence of rhizopodia, life status, feeding behaviors, measurements, and other observations. Detailed descriptions can be found in the associated data dictionary. 2022 The notes and observations in the lab for the G. menardii (2021 and 2022) and G. truncatulinoides (2020) studies were digitally compiled into Microsoft Excel (.xlsx) and comma-separated values (.csv) files and are included in this release (Foraminifera_Notes_and_Observations.zip). 2024 G. menardii_2021_notes_and_observations G. menardii_2022_notes_and_observations G. truncatulinoides_2020_notes_and_observations This metadata has an associated data dictionary (Data_Dictionary_Notes_and_Observations.docx), which describes the attributes (data columns) for all G. menardii 2021 and 2022 and G. truncatulinoides 2020 notes and observations tables, along with defining additional terminology used in the tables. The metadata for the foraminifera data are not complete if they are not distributed with this document. The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center USGS SPCMSC Data Management mailing and physical

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Saint Petersburg FL 33701 United States 727-502-8000 gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov G. menardii_2021_notes_and_observations.csv, G. menardii_2021_notes_and_observations.xlsx, G. menardii_2022_notes_and_observations.csv, G. menardii_2022_notes_and_observations.xlsx, G. truncatulinoides_2020_notes_and_observations.csv, G. truncatulinoides_2020_notes_and_observations.xlsx Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Microsoft Excel format, comma-delimited text, Microsoft Word format https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P147MDIE/data/Foraminifera_Notes_and_Observations.zip None 20250422 U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center USGS SPCMSC Data Management mailing and physical

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Saint Petersburg FL 33701 United States 727-502-8000 gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999