Land-Cover Data Derived from Landsat Satellite Imagery, Assateague Island to Metompkin Island, Maryland and Virginia, 1985 and 2015

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Metadata:

Identification_Information
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Spatial_Reference_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Julie C. Bernier
Publication_Date: 20170828
Title:

Land-Cover Data Derived from Landsat Satellite Imagery, Assateague Island to Metompkin Island, Maryland and Virginia, 1985 and 2015

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Raster digital data
Series_Information:

Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release
Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F76T0KHH

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F76T0KHH

Description:

Abstract:

This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) data release includes geospatial datasets that were created to analyze wetland changes along the Virginia and Maryland Atlantic coasts between 1984 and 2015. Wetland change was determined by assessing two metrics: wetland persistence and land-cover switching. Because seasonal water levels, beach width, and vegetation differences can affect change analyses, only images acquired during the spring (March, April, and May) were included in the wetland-change metrics (N=10). USGS Data Series 968 (Bernier and others, 2015) presented data that were derived from Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 imagery from 1984 to 2014, including wetland and terrestrial habitat extents; open-ocean, back-barrier, and estuarine mainland shoreline positions; and sand-line positions along the estuarine mainland and barrier shorelines from Assateague Island, Maryland to Metompkin Island, Virginia. As part of the wetland-change analyses, two additional satellite images (17-April-1985 and 05-May-2015) were processed and classified using the methods described by Bernier and others (2015) to provide a more complete time series dataset. One additional image (26-April-1994) was reprocessed to correct a classification error that was identified when comparing wetland and total analysis extents among all images.

Purpose:

This zip archive includes thematic raster data representing land-cover classes derived from two Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and one Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) image datasets from Assateague Island to Metompkin Island, Maryland and Virginia. For each image acquisition date, the Level 1 data products were stacked into composite 6-band (visible blue, green, and red; near infrared; and two short-wave infrared bands) image files and converted to at-sensor radiance and top-of-atmosphere reflectance. Adjacent scenes (Worldwide Reference System 2, path 14 row 33 and path 14 row 34) were mosaicked to a single image and then clipped to the study area extent. Seven land-cover classes (water, wet marsh, marsh, forested, mixed vegetation, vegetated bare earth, and bare earth) were derived for each image acquisition date using a hybrid classification approach to minimize misclassification of small interior water bodies and tidal channels with surrounding marsh environments.

Supplemental_Information:

This data release includes three raster GeoTIFF files. The two newly classified images are T19850417_lt5_a2a_lc_final.tif and T20150522_lc8_a2a_lc_final.tif. The reprocessed, classified image is named T19940426_lt5_a2a_lc_final_rev12_2016.tif. The geographic information system data presented by Bernier and others (2015), along with accompanying formal Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata, can be downloaded from https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0968/ds968_data.html.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Multiple_Dates/Times:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 19850417

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 19940426

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20150522

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.589992
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.993823
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.327077
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.739698

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:8a199cef-1093-4e06-990f-c91cc710fc7d

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme_Keyword: environment

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: geology
Theme_Keyword: multispectral imaging
Theme_Keyword: wetland ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: landuse and landcover
Theme_Keyword: coastal hazards
Theme_Keyword: remote sensing
Theme_Keyword: time series analysis

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Landsat
Theme_Keyword: Barrier island
Theme_Keyword: Estuarine
Theme_Keyword: Coastal
Theme_Keyword: Unsupervised classification
Theme_Keyword: Land cover
Theme_Keyword: Barrier Island and Estuarine Wetland Physical Change Assessment
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: Maryland
Place_Keyword: Virginia
Place_Keyword: Assateague Island
Place_Keyword: Chincoteague Bay

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Julie Bernier

Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and physical
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov

Data_Set_Credit:

U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1.4959

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Bernier, J.C.
Originator: Douglas, S.D.
Originator: Terrano, J.F.
Originator: Barras, J.A.
Originator: Plant, N.G.
Originator: Smith, C.G.
Publication_Date: 2015
Title:

Land-cover types, shoreline positions, and sand extents derived from Landsat satellite imagery, Assateague Island to Metompkin Island, Maryland and Virginia, 1984 to 2014

Series_Information:

Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series
Issue_Identification: 968

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds968

Data_Quality_Information:

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Landsat standard data products, processed using the Level 1 Product Generation System (LPGS), were downloaded from the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center data archives. Even after using a hybrid classification approach, some areas that were classified as wet marsh in the final thematic raster dataset appeared, upon visual inspection, to include submerged aquatic vegetation and submerged sand flats that would be more appropriately classified as open water. These ambiguities are not consistent through time but most commonly occur in Sinepuxent Bay south of Ocean City Inlet, north of Green Run Bay and Pirate Islands, in impoundments behind Chincoteague Island, and at Chincoteague Inlet. Similarly, in some instances, areas that were classified as water in the final thematic raster dataset were interpreted as wet sand on visual inspection. This most commonly occurs along the narrowest part of Assateague Island south of Ocean City Inlet, at the Tom’s Cove spit, and along Metompkin Island. Additionally, some near-shore estuarine areas exhibit “speckling” caused by misclassification of isolated higher reflectance pixels within the water body. No manual cleaning of open-water speckling or potentially misclassified pixels was performed.

Completeness_Report:

Two Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and one Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) image were analyzed.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Geodetic accuracy of the Standard Terrain Correction (Level 1T) data product depends on the accuracy of the ground control points and the resolution of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) used.

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Each Landsat Level 1 data product was stacked into a composite multi-band image file using Intergraph Corporation ERDAS IMAGINE 2014 software. The six reflective bands (visible blue, green, and red; near infrared; and two short-wave infrared bands) for each sensor were stacked and used in subsequent processing and analyses.

Process_Date: 2016
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Julie Bernier

Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and physical
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The composite multi-band image files were converted to at-sensor radiance and top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance using Intergraph Corporation ERDAS IMAGINE 2014 software. Radiometric processing reduces scene-to-scene variability, due to gain changes between scenes or differences in solar zenith angles, exoatmospheric solar irradiance, and the earth-sun distance resulting from different acquisition dates and times.

Process_Date: 2016
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Julie Bernier

Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and physical
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

For each image acquisition date, adjacent scenes (Worldwide Reference System 2, path 14 row 33 and path 14 row 34) were mosaicked into a single image and clipped to the study area extent.

Process_Date: 2016
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Julie Bernier

Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and physical
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Image classification was performed using Intergraph Corporation ERDAS IMAGINE 2014 software. A hybrid classification approach was used to minimize misclassification of small interior water bodies and tidal channels with surrounding marsh environments: (1) A 3×3 (pixel) edge enhancement convolution filter was applied to the radiometrically corrected, mosaicked images to enhance small water features; (2) Unsupervised classification was performed on the edge-enhanced image to identify and extract water areas; (3) Water areas from (2) were masked from the non edge-enhanced image and unsupervised classification of the remaining pixels was grouped into seven classes (water, wet marsh, marsh, forested, mixed vegetation, vegetated bare earth, and bare earth); and (4) Results of (2) and (3) were merged to generate a final thematically classified raster dataset.

Process_Date: 2016
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Julie Bernier

Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and physical
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.

Process_Date: 20201013
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross

Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
Row_Count: 2169
Column_Count: 1739
Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 18
Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.0
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0
False_Easting: 500000.0
False_Northing: 0.0

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 30.0
Ordinate_Resolution: 30.0

Planar_Distance_Units: Meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: D WGS 1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label:

T19850417_lt5_a2a_final.tif, T19940426_lt5_a2a_lc_final_rev12_2016.tif, T20150522_lc8_a2a_lc_final.tif

Entity_Type_Definition:

GeoTIFF files containing thematic raster datasets representing land-cover classes for each of two Landsat 5 and one Landsat 8 image aquired in 1985 and 2015.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: OBJECTID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number
Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Value
Attribute_Definition: Land-cover class number
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: OUT - pixels outside of analysis extent
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: WATER - pixels classified as water
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 4
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: WET MARSH - pixels classified as wet marsh land cover
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 6
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: MARSH - pixels classified as marsh land cover
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 7
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: FORESTED - pixels classified as forested land cover
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 9
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

MIXED VEGETATION - pixels classified as mixed vegetation land cover

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

VEGETATED BARE EARTH - pixels classified as vegetated bare earth land cover

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 11
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: BARE EARTH - pixels classified as bare earth
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Count
Attribute_Definition: The number of cells per value class.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 3123
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2615233
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Dimensionless

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Julie Bernier

Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and physical
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov

Distribution_Liability:

This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: GeoTIFF
Format_Version_Date: 2017

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F76T0KHH/data/landsat_a2a_lc_final_v2016.zip

Fees: None, if obtained online

Technical_Prerequisites:

These raster datasets were created using Esri ArcGIS version 10.2.2 and can be opened using Esri ArcGIS version 10.0 or higher; these data may also be viewed using the free GIS viewer ArcGIS Explorer.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20201013
Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Julie Bernier

Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and physical
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
Metadata_Use_Constraints:

The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data.

Metadata_Security_Information:

Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None
Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified
Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

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