Topographic Lidar Survey of Dauphin Island, Alabama and Chandeleur, Stake, Grand Gosier and Breton Islands, Louisiana, July 12-14, 2013 -- Classified Point Data

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Metadata:

Identification_Information
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Spatial_Reference_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 20130904
Title:

Topographic Lidar Survey of Dauphin Island, Alabama and Chandeleur, Stake, Grand Gosier and Breton Islands, Louisiana, July 12-14, 2013 -- Classified Point Data

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: binary point cloud
Series_Information:

Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series
Issue_Identification: 838

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Fla.
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0838/

Description:

Abstract:

A topographic lidar survey was conducted July 12-14, 2013 over Dauphin Island, Alabama and Chandeleur, Stake, Grand Gosier and Breton Islands, Louisiana. Lidar data exchange format (LAS) 1.2 formatted classified point data files were generated based on these data. Photo Science, Inc. was contracted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to collect and process the lidar data. The lidar data were collected at a nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 1.0 meter (m). The horizontal projection and datum of the data are Universe Transverse Mercator, zone 16N, North American Datum 1983 (UTM Zone 16N NAD83), meters. The vertical datum is North American Vertical Datum 1988, Geoid 2012a (NAVD88, GEOID12A), meters. Eighty-five LAS files, based on a 2-kilometer by 2-kilometer tiling scheme, cover the entire survey area. These lidar data are available to Federal, State and local governments, emergency-response officials, resource managers, and the general public. Lidar_Information Lidar_Collection_Information Lidar_Specification USGS-NGP Base Lidar Specification v1.0 Lidar_Sensor Leica ALS 70 Lidar_Maximum_Returns 4 Lidar_Pulse_Spacing 0.64 Lidar_Density 1.57 Lidar_Flight_Height 1524 Lidar_Flight_Speed 130 Lidar_Scan_Angle 20.0 Lidar_Scan_Frequency 29.6 Lidar_Pulse_Rate 178.4 Lidar_Pulse_Duration 4 Lidar_Pulse_Width 0.35 Lidar_Central_Wavelength 1064 Lidar_Multiple_Pulses_In_Air 0 Lidar_Beam_Divergence 0.22 Lidar_Swath_Width 1109.38 Lidar_Swath_Overlap 11.46% Lidar_Coordinate_Reference_System_Name NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_16N_Meters Lidar_Geoid National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Geoid03 Lidar_Accuracy_Information Lidar_Calculated_Horizontal_Accuracy 0.012 Lidar_Raw_Fundamental_Vertical_Accuracy 0.01 Lidar_LAS_Information Lidar_LAS_Version 1.2 Lidar_LAS_Point_Record_Format 1 Lidar_LAS_Witheld_Point_Identifier Withheld (ignore) points were identified in these files using the standard LAS Withheld bit. Lidar_LAS_Overage_Point_Identifier Swath "overage" points were identified in these files by adding 16 to the standard classification values. Lidar_LAS_Radiometric_Resolution 8 Lidar_LAS_Classification Lidar_LAS_Class_Code 1 Lidar_LAS_Class_Description Processed, but unclassified Lidar_LAS_Classification Lidar_LAS_Class_Code 2 Lidar_LAS_Class_Description Bare earth ground Lidar_LAS_Classification Lidar_LAS_Class_Code 7 Lidar_LAS_Class_Description Noise Lidar_LAS_Classification Lidar_LAS_Class_Code 9 Lidar_LAS_Class_Description Water Lidar_LAS_Classification Lidar_LAS_Class_Code 10 Lidar_LAS_Class_Description Ignored ground Lidar_LAS_Classification Lidar_LAS_Class_Code 17 Lidar_LAS_Class_Description Overlap default (unclassified) Lidar_LAS_Classification Lidar_LAS_Class_Code 18 Lidar_LAS_Class_Description Overlap bare-earth ground

Purpose:

This lidar survey was acquired to document the short- and long-term changes of several different barrier island systems. Specifically, this survey supports detailed studies of Chandeleur and Dauphin Islands that resolve annual changes in beaches, berms and dunes associated with processes driven by storms, sea-level rise, and even human restoration activities.

Supplemental_Information:

Lidar data acquisition, calibration, and follow-on processing were completed by Photo Science, Inc. Photo Science was contracted by the U.S. Geological Survey to conduct the work. The geographic extent of each tile falls on even 2000 x and y UTM Zone 16N NAD83 meters. The tile names are assigned according to the U.S. National Grid (USNG) spatial address (http://www.fgdc.gov/usng/how-to-read-usng/index_html). The last 6 digits of the file name are based on the lower-left (LL) xy coordinate of the tile. For example, tile name 16RCU324308 uses 324 to represent an LL x-coordinate of 324,000, and uses 308 to represent an LL y-coordinate of 3,308,000 (ignoring the first digit).

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20130712
Ending_Date: 20130714

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -89.2054218436926
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.0228864379435
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.3016091270762
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.4515909261428

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:8ddfaf9a-187f-4aa1-8cfc-1da8352009ff

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: model
Theme_Keyword: remote sensing
Theme_Keyword: elevation data
Theme_Keyword: lidar
Theme_Keyword: topography
Theme_Keyword: hydrology
Theme_Keyword: laser altimetry
Theme_Keyword: bare earth

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Science Directory (GCMD)
Theme_Keyword: LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION
Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BARRIER ISLANDS
Theme_Keyword: COASTAL PROCESSES > BEACHES
Theme_Keyword:

DOI/USGS/CMG > COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD Instrument
Theme_Keyword: LIDAR > LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning
Theme_Keyword: distributions
Theme_Keyword: bathymetry and elevation

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) Keywords
Theme_Keyword: altimetry
Theme_Keyword: topographic mapping

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: LIDAR
Theme_Keyword: topography
Theme_Keyword: digital elevation models

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Alabama
Place_Keyword: Louisiana
Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico
Place_Keyword: Barrier Islands
Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Barrier Islands
Place_Keyword: Stake Island
Place_Keyword: Grand Gosier Island
Place_Keyword: Breton Island
Place_Keyword: Chandeleur Islands
Place_Keyword: Dauphin Island
Place_Keyword: United States

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
Temporal_Keyword: 2013

Access_Constraints: No restrictions apply to these data.
Use_Constraints:

None. However, users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this dataset was collected and some parts of these data may no longer represent surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated for products derived from these data.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Nathaniel Plant

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 600 4th St. S.
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-803-2031
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nplant@usgs.gov
Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time)

Data_Set_Credit:

Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Contractor: MicroStation Version 8; TerraScan Version 13; TerraModeler Version 13; GeoCue Version 2012.1.27.7; ESRI ArcGIS 10.1; Global Mapper 13; ALS Post Processor 2.75 Build #25; Windows 7 Operating System

Data_Quality_Information:

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Classified LAS files were tested by Photo Science for both vertical and horizontal accuracy. All data is seamless from one tile to the next; no gaps or no-data areas.

Completeness_Report:

Datasets contain complete coverage of tiles. No points have been removed or excluded. A visual qualitative assessment was performed to ensure data completeness. There are no void areas or missing data. The raw point cloud is of good quality and data passes fundamental vertical accuracy (FVA) specifications.

Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

FVA was computed for raw lidar point cloud swath files. The vertical accuracy was tested with 10 independent survey checkpoints located in open terrain. These checkpoints were used in the calibration and post processing of the lidar point cloud data. The survey checkpoints were distributed throughout the project area. Specifications for this project require that the FVA be 18.13cm or better AccuracyZ at 95 percent confidence level.

Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 1.2 centimeters AccuracyZ at 95 percent Confidence Interval
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation:

The data was tested using 10 independent survey located in open terrain. The survey checkpoints were distributed throughout the project area. The 10 independent checkpoints were surveyed by the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, Fla. office, using GPS techniques. Elevations from the unclassified lidar surface were measured for the x,y location of each check point. Elevations interpolated from the lidar surface were then compared to the elevation values of the surveyed control. The RMSEz was computed to be 0.012 m. AccuracyZ has been tested to meet 18.13 cm FVA at 95 percent confidence level using RMSEz x 1.9600 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASRPS Guidelines.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Photo Science, Inc.
Publication_Date: 20130904
Title: Lidar Raw Data for Gulf of Mexico Barrier Islands
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: lidar data
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Photo Science, Inc.
Publisher: Photo Science, Inc., Aerial LiDAR Department

Type_of_Source_Media: digital hard drive
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20130712
Ending_Date: 20130714

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Raw Lidar Data
Source_Contribution:

This data source was used to populate the lidar point cloud data.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 2013
Title: Ground Control Points

Type_of_Source_Media: online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20130714
Ending_Date: 20130723

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ground Control Points
Source_Contribution:

This data source was used in lidar processing and accuracy assessment. This dataset is not included in this Data Series Report.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Lidar Pre-Processing: Airborne global positioning system (GPS) and inertial measurement units (IMU) data were merged to develop a Single Best Estimate (SBET) of the lidar system trajectory for each lift. Lidar ranging data were initially calibrated using previous best parameters for this instrument and aircraft. Relative calibration was evaluated using advanced plane-matching analysis and parameter corrections were derived. This was repeated iteratively until residual errors between overlapping swaths, across all project lifts, was reduced to acceptable levels. Data were then block adjusted to match surveyed calibration control. Raw data FVA was checked using independently surveyed checkpoints. Swath overage points were identified and tagged within each swath file. The raw lidar data and the ground control points are intermediary datasets and are not included in this Data Series Report.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Raw Lidar Data
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Ground Control Points
Process_Date: 2013
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Calibrated Lidar Datasets
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Photo Science, Inc.

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 523 Wellington Way
City: Lexington
State_or_Province: KY
Postal_Code: 40503
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 859-277-8700
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 859-277-8901
Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time)
Contact_Instructions:

If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should receive a response within 24 hours.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Lidar Post-Processing: The calibrated and controlled lidar swaths were processed using automatic point classification routines in proprietary software. These routines operate against the entire collection (all swaths, all lifts), eliminating character differences between files. Data were then distributed as virtual tiles to experienced lidar analysts for localized automatic classification, manual editing, and peer-based quality control (QC) checks. Supervisory QC monitoring of work in-progress and completed editing ensured consistency of classification character and adherence to project requirements across the entire project area. All classification tags are stored in the original swath files.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Calibrated Lidar Datasets
Process_Date: 2013
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Classified Lidar Datasets
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Photo Science, Inc.

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 523 Wellington Way
City: Lexington
State_or_Province: KY
Postal_Code: 40503
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 859-277-8700
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 859-277-8901
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bishop@photoscience.com
Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time)
Contact_Instructions:

If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should receive a response within 24 hours.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The bare earth surface is manually reviewed to ensure correct classification on the Class 2 (Ground) points. After the bare-earth surface is finalized, it is used to generate all hydro-breaklines through heads-up digitization. All ground (ASPRS Class 2) lidar data inside of the Lake Pond and Double Line Drain hydro flattening breaklines were then classified to water (ASPRS Class 9) using TerraScan macro functionality. A buffer of 1 m was used around each hydro-flattened feature to classify these ground (ASPRS Class 2) points to Ignored ground (ASPRS Class 10). All Lake Pond Island and Double Line Drain Island features were checked to ensure that the ground (ASPRS Class 2) points were reclassified to the correct classification after the automated classification was completed. All overlap data was processed through automated functionality provided by TerraScan to classify the overlapping flight line data to classes approved by USGS. The overlap data was classified to Class 17 (Overlap Default) and Class 18 (Overlap Ground). These classes were created through automated processes only and were not verified for classification accuracy. Due to software limitations within TerraScan, these classes were used to trip the withheld bit within various software packages. These processes were reviewed and accepted by USGS. All data was manually reviewed and remaining artifacts removed using functionality provided by TerraScan and TerraModeler. Global Mapper was used as a final check of the bare earth dataset. GeoCue was then used to create the deliverable industry-standard LAS files for both the All Point Cloud Data and the Bare Earth. Photo Science proprietary software was used to perform final statistical analysis of the classes in the LAS files, on a per tile level to verify final classification metrics and full LAS header information.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Classified Lidar Datasets
Process_Date: 2013
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Validated LAS Datasets
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Photo Science, Inc.

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 523 Wellington Way
City: Lexington
State_or_Province: KY
Postal_Code: 40503
Country: USA

If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should receive a response within 24 hours.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Hydro Classification Breakline Processing: Class 2 lidar was used to create a bare earth surface model. The surface model was then used to heads-up digitize 2D breaklines of inland streams and rivers with a 30 meter nominal width and inland ponds and Lakes of 8,000 square meters or greater surface area. The breaklines were collected for classification purposes only. The provided breaklines are 2D features, and do not contain a valid elevation attribute. All ground (ASPRS Class 2) lidar data inside of the collected inland breaklines were then classified to water (ASPRS Class 9) using TerraScan macro functionality. A buffer of 1 meter was also used around each breakline feature. These points were moved from ground (ASPRS Class 2) to ignored ground (ASPRS Class 10). The breakline files were then translated to ESRI Shapefile format using ESRI conversion tools.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Validated LAS Datasets
Process_Date: 2013
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Hydro Classification Breaklines
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Photo Science, Inc.

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 523 Wellington Way
City: Lexington
State_or_Province: KY
Postal_Code: 40503
Country: USA

If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should receive a response within 24 hours.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Keywords section of metadata optimized for discovery in USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Data Catalog.

Process_Date: 20170104
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt

Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.

Process_Date: 20201013
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross

Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Tile Index
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:

SDTS_Terms_Description:

SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 16
Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -87.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
False_Easting: 500000
False_Northing: 0.0

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 0.01
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.01

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101

Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Altitude_System_Definition:

Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988
Altitude_Resolution: 0.01
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Altitude_Encoding_Method:

Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: *.las
Entity_Type_Definition:

LAS 1.2 files. The asterisk represents the unique file identifier (See Supplemental Information section).

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Photo Science, Inc.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: X
Attribute_Definition: UTM zone 16N NAD83 easting in meters.
Attribute_Definition_Source: UTM zone 16N NAD83 coordinate system
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: varying value range

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Y
Attribute_Definition: UTM zone 16N NAD83 northing in meters.
Attribute_Definition_Source: UTM zone 16N NAD83 coordinate system
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: varying value range

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Z
Attribute_Definition: NAVD88 GEOID12a elevation in meters.
Attribute_Definition_Source: NAVD88 GEOID12a
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: varying value range

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Intensity
Attribute_Definition:

The intensity value is the integer representation of the pulse return magnitude. This value is optional and system specific.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Integers of varying value range

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Return Number
Attribute_Definition:

The Return Number is the pulse return number for a given output pulse. A given output laser pulse can have many returns, and they must be marked in sequence of return. The first return will have a Return Number of one, the second a Return Number of two, and so on up to five returns.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 5

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Number of Returns
Attribute_Definition:

The Number of Returns is the total number of returns for a given pulse. For example, a laser data point may be return two (Return Number) within a total number of five returns.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 5

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Scan Direction Flag
Attribute_Definition:

The Scan Direction Flag denotes the direction at which the scanner mirror was traveling at the time of the output pulse. A bit value of 1 is a positive scan direction, and a bit value of 0 is a negative scan direction, where positive scan direction is a scan moving from the left side of the in-track direction to the right side and negative is the opposite.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Edge of Flight Line
Attribute_Definition:

The Edge of Flight Line data bit has a value of 1 only when the point is at the end of a scan. It is the last point on a given scan line before it changes direction.

Attribute_Definition_Source: UTM zone 16N NAD83 coordinate system
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Classification
Attribute_Definition:

These data were specifically processed for bare earth (ground). Refer to "Process Steps" for additional information on classification.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS and Photo Science
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Created, never classified
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ASPRS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unclassified
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ASPRS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Ground
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ASPRS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 7
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Low point (noise)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ASPRS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 9
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Water
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ASPRS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Ignored ground
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Photo Science, Inc.

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 11
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Reserved
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Photo Science, Inc.

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 17
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Overlap default
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Photo Science, Inc.

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 18
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Overlap ground
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ASPRS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 25
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Reserved
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Photo Science, Inc.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Scan Angle Rank
Attribute_Definition:

The Scan Angle Rank is a signed one-byte number with a valid range from -90 to 90. The Scan Angle Rank is the angle (rounded to the nearest integer in the absolute value sense)at which the laser point was output from the laser system including the roll of the aircraft. The scan angle is within 1 degree of accuracy from -90 to 90 degrees. Zero degrees is the nadir and -90 degrees is to the left side of the aircraft in the direction of flight.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -90
Range_Domain_Maximum: 90

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: User Data
Attribute_Definition: This field may be used at the user's discretion.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: undefined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Point Source ID
Attribute_Definition:

This value indicates the file from which this point originated. Valid values for this field are 1 to 65,535 inclusive with zero being used for a special case discussed below. The numerical value corresponds to the File Source ID from which this point originated. Zero is reserved as a convenience to system implementers. A Point Source ID of zero implies that this point originated in this file. This also implies that processing software should set the Point Source ID equal to the File Source ID of the file containing this point at some time during processing.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 65,535

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: GPS Time
Attribute_Definition:

The GPS Time is the double floating point time tag value at which the point was acquired. It is GPS Week Time if the Global Encoding low bit is clear and POSIX Time if the Global Encoding low bit is set

Attribute_Definition_Source: ASPRS
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: varying value range

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Nathaniel Plant
Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, Fla.

Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747
Hours_of_Service: Monday-Friday, 9:00-5:00 Eastern Time

Resource_Description: DS 838
Distribution_Liability:

Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: LAS, zipped

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0838/

Fees: None if obtained online; otherwise prices vary.
Ordering_Instructions:

Publications are available from USGS Information Services, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225-0046 (telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS, e-mail: infoservices@usgs.gov).

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20201013
Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: K. Guy

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-803-2031
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kguy@usgs.gov
Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time)

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Access_Constraints: None.
Metadata_Use_Constraints: None.
Metadata_Security_Information:

Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None.
Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified
Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: NONE

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