Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Julie C. Bernier Originator: Sydney K. Nick Publication_Date: 20240307 Title: Coastal Land-Cover Data Derived from Landsat Satellite Imagery, Delaware Bay, New Jersey to Shinnecock Bay, New York, 2008-2022 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster and tabular digital data Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Julie C. Bernier Originator: Sydney K. Nick Originator: Jennifer L. Miselis Publication_Date: 20240307 Title: Coastal Land-Cover and Feature Datasets Derived from Landsat Satellite Imagery, Delaware Bay, New Jersey to Shinnecock Bay, New York Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P13HX6Y8 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P13HX6Y8 Description: Abstract: This data release serves as an archive of coastal land-cover and feature datasets derived from Landsat satellite imagery from Delaware Bay, New Jersey (NJ) to Shinnecock Bay, New York (NY). A total of 119 images acquired between 2008 and 2022 were analyzed to produce 143 thematic land-cover raster datasets. Water, bare earth (sand), and vegetated land-cover classes were mapped using successive thresholding and masking of the modified normalized difference water index (mNDWI), the normalized difference bare land index (NBLI), and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and applying a rule-based classification modified from the workflow described by Bernier and others (2021). Vector shoreline and sand feature extents were extracted for each image by contouring the spectral indices using the calculated threshold values. These data support the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF)-funded Monitoring Hurricane Sandy Beach and Marsh Resilience in New York and New Jersey project (NFWF project ID 2300.16.055110), for which the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) is using remotely-sensed data and targeted in-situ observations to monitor the post-restoration evolution of beaches, dunes, vegetative cover, and sediment budgets at seven post-Hurricane Sandy beach and marsh restoration sites in New York and New Jersey. The geographic information system (GIS) data files with accompanying formal Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata can be downloaded from this release. Purpose: Dissemination of thematic raster data representing 143 land-cover datasets derived from 36 Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and 83 Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) images from coastal New York and New Jersey, USA. Supplemental_Information: Information about the Landsat missions, sensor and band specifications, data products, and data access can be found at https://www.usgs.gov/landsat-missions. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20080416 Ending_Date: 20221126 Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.051991 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.410495 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.907999 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.915257 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:e662a94b-303d-4117-8b81-e66ff8c0eafd Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geomorphology Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme_Keyword: image collections Theme_Keyword: multispectral imaging Theme_Keyword: coastal ecosystems Theme_Keyword: land use and land cover Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Landsat Theme_Keyword: barrier island Theme_Keyword: spectral indices Theme_Keyword: Otsu thresholding Theme_Keyword: land cover Theme_Keyword: water Theme_Keyword: bare earth Theme_Keyword: sand Theme_Keyword: vegetated Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: New Jersey Place_Keyword: New York Place_Keyword: Delaware Bay Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Julie C. Bernier Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: LocMap_nfwf_1332_nj.png, LocMap_nfwf_1332_ny.png, LocMap_nfwf_1333.png, LocMap_nfwf_1433.png Browse_Graphic_File_Description: A location map in Portable Network Graphics (PNG, .png) file format is included in each of the land cover zip files. These maps provide additional context for the landcover raster datasets coverage in the study area (New York and New Jersey). The regional area of interest is symbolized in a red dashed line and a scene-specific area of interest is symbolized in a light gray dashed line. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PNG Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of metadata creation- macOS Ventura 13.6.3; Microsoft Windows 10 Enterprise Version 22H2; Esri ArcGIS Pro 3.2.1; ERDAS IMAGINE 2023 Version 16.8.0 Build 2100; MATLAB R2021a Update 5 (9.10.0.1739362) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Julie C. Bernier Originator: Jennifer L. Miselis Originator: Nathaniel G. Plant Publication_Date: 20210921 Title: Satellite-Derived Barrier Response and Recovery Following Natural and Anthropogenic Perturbations, Northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana Series_Information: Series_Name: Remote Sensing Issue_Identification: 13(18), 3778; Special Issue "New Insights into Ecosystem Monitoring Using Geospatial Techniques" Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183779 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Hanqiu Xu Publication_Date: 20070222 Title: Modification of normalised difference water index (NDWI) to enhance open water features in remotely sensed imagery Series_Information: Series_Name: International Journal of Remote Sensing Issue_Identification: Volume 27, Issue 14 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 3025-3033 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160600589179 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Hui Li Originator: Cuizhen Wang Originator: Cheng Zhong Originator: Aijun Su Originator: Chengren Xiong Originator: Jinge Wang Originator: Junqi Liu Publication_Date: 20170307 Title: Mapping Urban Bare Land Automatically from Landsat Imagery with a Simple Index Series_Information: Series_Name: Remote Sensing Issue_Identification: 9(3), 249 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9030249 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Nobuyuki Otsu Publication_Date: 197901 Title: A Threshold Selection Method from Gray-Level Histograms Series_Information: Series_Name: IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics Issue_Identification: Volume 9, Issue 1 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 62-66 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMC.1979.4310076 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Brady R. Couvillion Originator: Neil K. Ganju Originator: Zafer Defne Publication_Date: 20210205 Title: An Unvegetated to Vegetated Ratio (UVVR) for Coastal Wetlands of the Conterminous United States (2014-2018) Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P97DQXZP Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P97DQXZP Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Due to the large spatial extent of this analysis and a lack of ground-truth datasets with similar temporal resolution, regional-scale classification accuracy was not quantitatively assessed. Using a similar methodology and workflow, Bernier and others (2021) reported classification accuracies (>=70%) that were comparable to accuracies reported for the National Land Cover Database (NLCD). Visual comparison of the classed land-cover rasters derived in this study with available NLCD data showed good agreement, except in some densely populated (Ocean City Beach on Pecks Beach Island, Atlantic City on Absecon Island, and Beach Haven and Long Beach on Long Beach Island, NJ) or modified (frequent beach scraping at Wildwoods on 5 Mile Beach, NJ) locations, where built (urban) areas landward of the beach were misclassed as sand. Logical_Consistency_Report: For each image-acquisition date, Landsat Collection 2, Level-2 science products were downloaded from the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center Science Processing Architecture (ESPA) On Demand Interface (https://espa.cr.usgs.gov/). Completeness_Report: 54 Landsat TM and 95 OLI images (Worldwide Reference System 2 [WRS-2] path 13 row 32, WRS-2 path 13 row 33, and WRS-2 path 14 row 33) acquired between April 2008 and November 2022 that were cloud- and snow- or ice-free over the regional area of interest (AOI) were analyzed. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Geodetic accuracy of Landsat data products depend on the accuracy of the ground control points and the resolution of the digital elevation model (DEM) used. All Level-2 science products are derived from Level-1 Tier-1 Precision and Terrain (L1TP) corrected data and meet pre-defined image-to-image georegistration tolerances of <= 12-meter (m) radial root mean square error (RMSE). Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: The regional AOI, which was derived from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) US Coastal Zone Management Act Boundary, was subset into four scene-specific AOIs for processing and analysis: WRS-2 path 13 row 32 New York (nfwf_1332_ny), WRS-2 path 13 row 32 New Jersey (nfwf_1332_nj), WRS-2 path 13 row 33 (nfwf_1333), and WRS-2 path 14 row 33 (nfwf_1433). Process_Date: 2023 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Julie C. Bernier Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: For each image acquisition date, Collection-2, Level-2 surface reflectance (SR; reflective bands), surface temperature (ST; thermal infrared [TIR] bands), and SR-derived NDVI images were downloaded from the EROS ESPA On Demand Interface (https://espa.cr.usgs.gov/). Process_Date: 2023 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Julie C. Bernier Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: All images were batch-processed using Spatial Model Editor in ERDAS IMAGINE. The SR and ST bands were stacked to create 7- (TM) or 8- (OLI) band multispectral images and clipped to the scene-specific AOI. From these composite images, two additional spectral indices, mNDWI (Xu, 2006) and NBLI (Li and others, 2017), were calculated. Process_Date: 2023 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Julie C. Bernier Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Land-cover classification was modified from the workflow described by Bernier and others (2021) using multilevel (2 thresholds per image) automatic thresholding of spectral indices and applying a rule-based classification scheme. First, Otsu's method (Otsu, 1979) for automatic histogram thresholding was applied to mNDWI images to create a binary "land"-water raster for each image acquisition date. Second, water area was masked from NBLI and NDVI images, and Otsu's method was applied to the masked images to create binary bare earth-"unclassed" and vegetated-"unclassed" rasters, respectively. The following rule-based classification was then applied, where T1 and T2 represent the first and second multi-Otsu thresholds, respectively, for each spectral index: If mNDWI > T2 then class (1) = water If NBLI > T2 then class (3) = bare earth (sand) If T1 < NBLI < T2 and UVVR = NoData then class (12) = unclassed If (T1 < NBLI < T2 and NDVI > T1 and UVVR > 0) or (NBLI < T1 and NDVI < T1) then class (4) = vegetated If NBLI < T1 and NDVI < T1 then class (11) = unclassed Where UVVR is the 2014-2018 composite Unvegetated to Vegetated Ratio for the U.S. Atlantic Coast (Couvillion and others, 2021) subset to the regional AOI. Finally, the binary land-cover images were converted to thematic rasters, merged, single-pixel "clumps" were removed using a 3x3 majority filter, and a standard colormap was applied to create a final land-cover raster dataset for each image acquisition date. The resulting land-cover rasters use the naming convention YYYYMMDD_lt05_AOI_lcr_ce.img (Landsat 5) or YYYYMMDD_lc08_AOI_lcr_ce.img (Landsat 8), where YYYYMMDD denotes the image-acquisition date (4-digit year, 2-digit month, 2-digit day) and AOI denotes the scene-specific AOI. All steps were batch-processed using the Image Processing toolbox in MATLAB (Otsu thresholding and binary image creation) or Spatial Model Editor in ERDAS IMAGINE (spectral index masking and generation of classed land-cover rasters). Process_Date: 2023 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: YYYYMMDD_lt05_AOI_lcr_ce.img Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: YYYYMMDD_lc08_AOI_lcr_ce.img Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: YYYYMMDD_lt05_AOI_lcr_ce_cl.img Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: YYYYMMDD_lc08_AOI_lcr_ce_cl.img Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Julie C. Bernier Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: For 35 datasets, thresholding resulted in misclassification of some nearshore water areas as "land" after mNDWI thresholding. Visual analysis showed that most misclassed open-water pixels correspond to areas of breaking waves, and misclassed extents were manually cleaned from the final datasets by selecting and re-classing the pixels in ERDAS IMAGINE. The cleaned land-cover rasters use the naming convention YYYYMMDD_lt05_AOI_lcr_ce_cl.img (Landsat 5) or YYYYMMDD_lc08_AOI_lcr_ce_cl.img (Landsat 8), where YYYYMMDD denotes the image-acquisition date and AOI denotes the scene-specific AOI. Process_Date: 2024 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: YYYYMMDD_lt05_AOI_lcr_ce_cl.img Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: YYYYMMDD_lc08_AOI_lcr_ce_cl.img Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Julie C. Bernier Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 18 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 1.0 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 30 Ordinate_Resolution: 30 Planar_Distance_Units: Meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D WGS 1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.25722 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: nfwf_1332_ny_landcover.zip, nfwf_1332_nj_landcover.zip, nfwf_1333_landcover.zip, nfwf_1433_nj_landcover.zip Entity_Type_Definition: Zip archive containing 143 thematic land-cover raster datasets in ERDAS IMAGINE (.img) format for the WRS-2 path 13 row 32 New York (nfwf_1332_ny), WRS-2 path 13 row 32 New Jersey (nfwf_1332_nj), WRS-2 path 13 row 33 (nfwf_1333), and WRS-2 path 14 row 33 (nfwf_1433) AOIs. An AOI location map in PNG format is also included in each zip file. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: OID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated Attribute: Attribute_Label: Value Attribute_Definition: Land-cover class number Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Out - pixels outside of analysis extent Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Water - pixels classified as water Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 3 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Bare earth (sand) - pixels classified as bare earth (sand) land cover Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 4 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Vegetated - pixels classified as vegetated land cover Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 11 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unclassed - pixels that were not classified as water, sand, or vegetated. Visual analysis indicates that most of the class 11 unclassed pixels represent intertidal areas, but this cannot be fully resolved using thresholding at the regional AOI scale. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 12 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unclassed - pixels that were not classified as water, sand, or vegetated. Visual analysis indicates that most of the class 12 unclassed pixels represent either built (urban), dune vegetation, or back-dune scrub vegetation, but this cannot be fully resolved using thresholding at the regional AOI scale. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Values of 2, 5 through 10, and 13 through 255 are not used to define a land-cover class but are stored by default in the 8-bit raster attribute table. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Count (Esri ArcGIS) or Histogram (Erdas Imagine) Attribute_Definition: Number of pixels per land-cover class Attribute_Definition_Source: Hexagon Geospatial Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Number of pixels per land-cover class Attribute: Attribute_Label: Class_Name Attribute_Definition: Land-cover type Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Out Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Pixels outside of analysis extent (symbolized in black) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Water Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Pixels classified as water (symbolized in dark blue) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Bare earth (sand) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Pixels classified as bare earth (sand) land cover (symbolized in dark brown) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Vegetated Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Pixels classified as vegetated land cover (symbolized in dark green) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Unclassed Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Pixels that were not classified as water, sand, or vegetated. Visual analysis indicates that most of the class 11 unclassed pixels represent intertidal areas and most of the class 12 unclassed pixels represent either built (urban), dune vegetation, or back-dune scrub vegetation, but this cannot be fully resolved using thresholding at the regional AOI scale (symbolized in light blue and light pink). Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Red Attribute_Definition: Red value for RGB color map Attribute_Definition_Source: Hexagon Geospatial Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Red value for RGB colormap Attribute: Attribute_Label: Green Attribute_Definition: Green value for RGB color map Attribute_Definition_Source: Hexagon Geospatial Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Green value for RGB colormap Attribute: Attribute_Label: Blue Attribute_Definition: Blue value for RGB color map Attribute_Definition_Source: Hexagon Geospatial Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Blue value for RGB colormap Attribute: Attribute_Label: Opacity Attribute_Definition: Opacity (on or off) of land-cover class Attribute_Definition_Source: Hexagon Geospatial Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Opacity (on or off) of land-cover class Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: nfwf_imagery.zip Entity_Type_Definition: Zip archive containing Microsoft Excel (.xlsx) and comma-separated values (.csv) files describing source imagery, scene-specific AOI, and tidal water level and tidal stage at selected National Ocean Service (NOS) Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS) tide gauges for each of 143 thematic land-cover raster datasets. Gauge locations are shown on the location maps included with each land-cover zip archive. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: FileName Attribute_Definition: File name of classed land-cover raster Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character string Attribute: Attribute_Label: SceneID Attribute_Definition: Landsat Collection 2, Level 2 source data downloaded from EROS ESPA Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Landsat source imagery data identifier Attribute: Attribute_Label: ImageDate Attribute_Definition: Source image-acquisition date Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Source image acquisition date written as DD-MON-YYYY (2-digit day, 3-letter month, 4-digit year) Attribute: Attribute_Label: DecYear Attribute_Definition: Source image-acquisition date, in decimal years Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 2008.290 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2022.904 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal year Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: AOI Attribute_Definition: Scene-specific area of interest Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nfwf_1332_ny Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: WRS-2 path 13 row 32 New York AOI Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nfwf_1332_nj Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: WRS-2 path 13 row 32 New Jersey AOI Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nfwf_1333 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: WRS-2 path 13 row 33 (New Jersey) AOI Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: nfwf_1433 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: WRS-2 path 14 row 33 (New Jersey) AOI Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: CapeMayWL_mMSL Attribute_Definition: Water level at the Cape May, New Jersey tide gauge (NOS CO-OPS station #8536110) at the time of image acquisition, in meters relative to mean sea level (MSL)). Applies only to WRS-2 path 14 row 33 (New Jersey) AOI. A dash is used to indicate a no data value. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.751 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.865 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Pixels Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: CapeMay_TidalStage Attribute_Definition: Tidal stage at the Cape May, New Jersey tide gauge (NOS CO-OPS station #8536110) at the time of image acquisition). Applies only to WRS-2 path 14 row 33 (New Jersey) AOI. A dash is used to indicate a no data value. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: low tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage within +/- 1 hour of low tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: high tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage within +/- 1 hour of high tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: rising Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage rising between low and high tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: falling Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage falling between high and low tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: AtlanticCityWL_mMSL Attribute_Definition: Water level at the Atlantic City, New Jersey tide gauge (NOS CO-OPS station #8534720) at the time of image acquisition, in meters relative to mean sea level (MSL). Applies only to WRS-2 path 13 row 33 (New Jersey) AOI. A dash is used to indicate a no data value. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.850 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.904 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Pixels Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: AtlanticCity_TidalStage Attribute_Definition: Tidal stage at the Atlantic City, New Jersey tide gauge (NOS CO-OPS station #8534720) at the time of image acquisition. Applies only to WRS-2 path 13 row 33 (New Jersey) AOI. A dash is used to indicate a no data value. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: low tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage within +/- 1 hour of low tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: high tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage within +/- 1 hour of high tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: rising Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage rising between low and high tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: falling Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage falling between high and low tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: SandyHookWL_mMSL Attribute_Definition: Water level at the Sandy Hook, New Jersey tide gauge (NOS CO-OPS station #8531680) at the time of image acquisition, in meters relative to mean sea level (MSL). Applies only to WRS-2 path 13 row 32 ( New York and New Jersey) AOIs. A dash is used to indicate a no data value. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.869 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.063 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Pixels Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SandyHook_TidalStage Attribute_Definition: Tidal stage at the Sandy Hook, New Jersey tide gauge (NOS CO-OPS station #8531680) at the time of image acquisition. Applies only to WRS-2 path 13 row 32 ( New York and New Jersey) AOIs. A dash is used to indicate a no data value. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: low tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage within +/- 1 hour of low tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: high tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage within +/- 1 hour of high tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: rising Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage rising between low and high tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: falling Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage falling between high and low tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: falling (p) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Predicted tidal stage falling between high and low tide (verified water-level data not available) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: MontaukWL_mMSL Attribute_Definition: Water level at the Montauk, New York tide gauge (NOS CO-OPS station #8510560) at the time of image acquisition, in meters relative to mean sea level (MSL). Applies only to WRS-2 path 13 row 32 (New York) AOI. A dash is used to indicate a no data value. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.204 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.544 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Pixels Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Montauk_TidalStage Attribute_Definition: Tidal stage at the Montauk, New York tide gauge (NOS CO-OPS station #8510560) at the time of image acquisition. Applies only to WRS-2 path 13 row 32 (New York) AOI. A dash is used to indicate a no data value. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: low tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage within +/- 1 hour of low tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: high tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage within +/- 1 hour of high tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: rising Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage rising between low and high tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: falling Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tidal stage falling between high and low tide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: USGS SPCMSC Data Management Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov Resource_Description: YYYYMMDD_lt05_AOI_lcr_ce.img, YYYYMMDD_lc08_AOI_lcr_ce.img, YYYYMMDD_lt05_AOI_lcr_ce_cl.img, YYYYMMDD_lc08_AOI_lcr_ce_cl.img Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ERDAS IMAGINE, PNG, comma-delimited text, Microsoft Excel format Format_Information_Content: Download files contain ERDAS IMAGINE (.img) land-cover rasters, PNG location maps, Microsoft Excel (.xlsx) spreadsheets, and comma-separated values (.csv) text files. Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P13HX6Y8/data/nfwf_1332_ny_landcover.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P13HX6Y8/data/nfwf_1332_nj_landcover.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P13HX6Y8/data/nfwf_1333_landcover.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P13HX6Y8/data/nfwf_1433_landcover.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P13HX6Y8/data/nfwf_imagery.zip Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: Raster datasets were created using ERDAS IMAGINE 2023 and can be opened using ERDAS IMAGINE 2020 or higher, Esri ArcGIS version 10.0 or higher or Esri ArcGIS Pro version 3.1 or higher; these data may also be viewed using free Google Earth Pro or QGIS software. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20240307 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: USGS SPCMSC Data Management Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998