U.S. Geological Survey
2006
EAARL Bare Earth Topography-Fire Island National Seashore
remote-sensing image
Open File Report
1384
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1384/start.htm
A bare earth elevation map (also known as a Digital Elevation Model or DEM) of Fire Island National Seashore was produced from remotely-sensed, geographically-referenced elevation measurements in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), National Air and Space Administration (NASA), and the National Park Service (NPS). Elevation measurements were collected over the area using the NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL), a pulsed laser ranging system mounted onboard an aircraft to measure ground elevation, vegetation canopy, and coastal topography. The system uses high frequency laser beams directed at the earth's surface through an opening in the bottom of the aircraft's fuselage. The laser system records the time difference between emission of the laser beam and the reception of the reflected laser signal in the aircraft. The plane travels over the target area at approximately 50 meters per second at an elevation of approximately 300 m. The EAARL, developed by NASA at Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia, measures ground elevation with a vertical resolution of 15 centimeters. A sampling rate of 3 kHz or higher results in an extremely dense spatial elevation data set. Over 100 kilometers of coastline can be easily surveyed within a 3- to 4-hour mission time period. When subsequent elevation maps for an area are analyzed, they provide a useful tool to make management decisions regarding land development.
For more information on Lidar science and the Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) system and surveys, see http://ngom.usgs.gov/dsp/overview/index.php and http://ngom.usgs.gov/dsp/tech/eaarl/index.php .
The purpose of this project was to produce a highly detailed and accurate bare earth digital elevation map of Fire Island National Seashore for use as a management tool and to make this map available to natural resource managers.
Raw lidar data is not in a format that is generally usable by Park Service resource managers and scientists for scientific analysis. Converting dense lidar elevation data into a readily usable format without loss of essential information requires specialized processing. The USGS converts raw lidar data into a GIS-compatible map product to be provided to National Park Service GIS specialists, managers, and scientists. The primary tool used in the conversion process is Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS), a multi-tiered processing system developed by a USGS/NASA collaborative project. Specialized processing algorithms are used to convert raw waveform lidar data acquired by the EAARL to georeferenced spot (x,y,z) returns for "first surface" and "bald earth" topography. These data are then converted to the North American Datum of 1983 and the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (using the Geoid 03 model). Each file contains data located in a 2 km by 2 km tile where the upper left bound can be quickly assessed through the file name. The first number in the filename (e######) is the left most UTM easting coordinate in meters, the second number (n#######) is the top most UTM northing coordinate in meters, and the third number (##) is the UTM zone the tile is located.
20050425
ground condition
None planned
-73.237872
-72.760761
40.783611
40.627676
USGS Metadata Identifier
USGS:0a600e7f-8722-4538-9b08-0b620416a4c6
ISO 19115 Topic Category
elevation
none
LIDAR
Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar
EAARL
Digital Elevation Model
elevation change
laser altimetry
derived surface
resource management
bare earth elevation
ALPS
Airborne Lidar Processing System
Data Categories for Marine Planning
distributions
bathymetry and elevation
Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) Keywords
altimetry
topographic mapping
USGS Thesaurus
LIDAR
topography
digital elevation models
http://nationalmap.gov/
Fire Island
New York
Any use of these data signifies a user's agreement to comprehension and compliance of the USGS Standard Disclaimer. Ensure all portions of metadata are read and clearly understood before using these data in order to protect both user and USGS interests. See section 6.3 Distribution Liability.
Although the USGS is making these data sets available to others who may find the data of value, USGS does not warrant, endorse, or recommend the use of this data for any given purpose. The user assumes the entire risk related to the use of these data.
Dr. John C Brock
United States Geological Survey, Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies
Physical Oceanographer
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
Saint Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727 803-8747 ext3088
727 803-2031
jbrock@usgs.gov
Monday-Friday, 8-5, EST
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1384/images/fiis_be.gif
EAARL Bare Earth Topography—Fire Island National Seashore
GIF
USGS is providing these data "as is", and USGS disclaims any and all warranties, whether expressed or implied, including (without limitation) any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. In no event will USGS be liable to you or to any third party for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, special, or exemplary damages or lost profits resulting from any use or misuse of these data. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgement as is standard for citation and legal practices for data source is expected by users of this data. Sharing new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by USGS staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other data sets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photo interpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.
Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.1.0.780
The expected accuracy of the measured variables are as follows: attitude within 0.07 degree, 3-cm nominal ranging accuracy, and vertical elevation accuracy of +/-15 cm for the topographic surface. Quality checks are built into the data-processing software.
Each file contains data located in a 2-km by 2-km tile, where the upper-left bound can be assessed quickly through the file name. The first 3 numbers in the file name represent the left-most UTM easting coordinate (e###000) in meters, the next 4 numbers represent the top-most UTM northing coordinate (n####000) in meters, and the last 2 numbers (##) represent the UTM zone in which the tile is located (for example, ba_e123_n4567_20).
Several regions of the dataset are labeled as "No Data", which corresponds to a cell value of -100 m in the GeoTiff file. These "No Data" areas are a result of the survey not covering a particular region, optical water depth of greater than 1.5 Secchi disc depths, or the manual removal of lidar processing artifacts.
Raw elevation measurements have been determined to be within 1 meter horizontal accuracy.
Elevations of the DEM are vertically consistent with the point elevation data, +/-15 cm.
U.S. Geological Survey
2006
EAARL Bare Earth Topography-Fire Island National Seashore
first
remote-sensing image
U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report
1384
Saint Petersburg, FL
U.S. Geological Survey
Point elevation measurements collected by the EAARL sensor.
20050424
ground condition
none
none
The data are collected using a Cessna 310 aircraft. The NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) laser scanner collects the data using a green (532nm) raster scanning laser, while a digital camera acquires a visual record of the flight. The data are stored on hard drives and archived at the USGS office in St. Petersburg and the NASA office at Wallops Flight Facility. The navigational data are processed at Wallops Flight Facility. The navigational and raw data are then downloaded into the Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS). Data are converted from units of time to x,y,z points for elevation. The derived surface data can then be converted into raster data (geotiffs).
20060201
Amar Nayegandhi
ETI Professionals, Inc. Contracted with US Geological Survey
Computer Scientist
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
Florida
33701
USA
727-803-8747
8:00am to 5:00pm Monday thru Friday, EST
Call Survey for Details
The raster dataset was opened in ERDAS IMAGINE for editing. An Area of Interest (AOI) polygon was drawn around regions of poor data quality. Poor data quality was determined visually by locating gaps in the data as well as artifacts of the lidar processing. Pixels within the AOI polygons were given a raster value of -100 to correspond with other areas of No Data.
20060701
Judd Patterson
National Park Service South Florida / Caribbean Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
Research Assistant
mailing and physical address
18001 Old Cutler Rd
Suite 419
Miami
Florida
33157
USA
(305) 252-0347
(305) 253-0463
Metadata imported.
C:\LIDAR\FIIS\LIDAR\bare_earth\e680_n4514\be_e680_n4514edit.tif.xml
20060701
Keywords section of metadata optimized for discovery in USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Data Catalog.
20170124
U.S. Geological Survey
Alan O. Allwardt
Contractor -- Information Specialist
mailing and physical address
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz
CA
95060
831-460-7551
831-427-4748
aallwardt@usgs.gov
Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.
20201013
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
Tiling Index
Raster
Pixel
2001
2001
1
Universal Transverse Mercator
18
0.999600
-75.000000
0.000000
500000.000000
0.000000
row and column
1.000000
1.000000
meters
North American Datum of 1983
Geodetic Reference System 80
6378137.000000
298.257222
North American Vertical Datum of 1988
15 cm
meters
Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Each pixel of the encoded GeoTIFF has an explicit elevation value associated with it. The GeoTIFF grid is encoded with a 1-meter resolution.
The variables measured by EAARL are: distance between aircraft and GPS satellites (m), attitude information (roll, pitch, heading in degrees), scan angle (degrees), second of the epoch (sec), and 1-ns time-resolved return intensity waveform (digital counts). Z value is referenced to orthometric elevations derived from National Geodetic Survey Geoid Model, Geoid03.
Jerry Butcher
USGS: Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies
Windows System Administrator
mailing address
600 4th Street South
Saint Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-803-8747 x3049
Lidar DEM (Fire Island)
The United States Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. These data and related graphics are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The information contained in these data is dynamic and may change over time. The data are not better than the original sources from which they were derived. It is the responsibility of the data user to use the data appropriately and consistent within the limitations of geospatial data in general and these data in particular. The related graphics are intended to aid the data user in acquiring relevant data; it is not appropriate to use the related graphics as data. The United States Geological Survey gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from an USGS server and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the United States Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the utility of the data on another system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data.
GeoTIFF
2006
GeoTIFF
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1384/data.htm
Data can be downloaded via the World Wide Web (WWW)
DVD
DVD
Vary
Contact U.S. Geological Survey.
Vary
Call USGS for Details
20211109
United States Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
SPCMSC Data Management Group
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
Florida
33701
US
727-502-8000
gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998