Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: P. Soupy Dalyander Originator: Joseph W. Long Originator: Nathaniel G. Plant Originator: David M. Thompson Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Model Application for OSAT3 Guidance: Ratio of the wave- and current-induced shear stress to the critical value for oil-tar balls and sediment mobilization over a tidal cycle Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2012-1234 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1234/datafiles.html Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Nathaniel G. Plant Originator: Joseph W. Long Originator: P.Soupy Dalyander Originator: David M. Thompson Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Model Application for OSAT3 Guidance Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2012-1234 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1234/ Description: Abstract: The U.S. Geological Survey has developed a method for estimating the mobility and potential alongshore transport of heavier-than-water sand and oil agglomerates (tarballs or surface residual balls, SRBs). During the Deepwater Horizon spill, some oil that reached the surf zone of the northern Gulf of Mexico mixed with suspended sediment and sank to form sub-tidal mats. If not removed, these mats can break apart to form SRBs and subsequently re-oil the beach. A method was developed for estimating SRB mobilization and alongshore movement. A representative suite of wave conditions was identified from buoy data for April, 2010, until August, 2012, and used to drive a numerical model of the spatially-variant alongshore currents. Potential mobilization of SRBs was estimated by comparing combined wave- and current-induced shear stress from the model to critical stress values for several sized SRBs. Potential alongshore flux of SRBs was also estimated to identify regions more or less likely to have SRBs deposited under each scenario. This methodology was developed to explain SRB movement and redistribution in the alongshore, interpret observed re-oiling events, and thus inform re-oiling mitigation efforts. Purpose: This GIS layer contains an estimate of the ratio of combined wave- and current- induced shear stress in the shallow northern Gulf of Mexico (Alabama and portion of the Florida coast) to the critical stress of surface residual balls (SRB) of various sizes and local sediment. This layer is part of a series of data layers (naming convention Tidal_mobility_TT.xxx, where TT is an hourly time step and is also indicated in attributes within the file) demonstrating the variability with tidal fluctuations in this ratio for a fixed set of wave conditions over a 24 hour period. The wave conditions in the file correspond to waves at NOAA NDBC buoy 42040 of between 1.5-2 m, coming from between 135-157.50 degrees relative to north (corresponding to scenario H4_D7 in the included wave_scenarios.txt file). The time steps (e.g., HH in the file names) of maximum flood and maximum ebb for various inlets in the domain are indicated in the included inlet_flood_ebb_tides.txt. Values greater than one indicate the threshold for incipient motion is exceeded, and the SRB or sediment is likely mobilized. Characteristics of SRB classes and the sediment properties used may be found in the look-up table included in the GIS zip file, SRB_casses.txt. This data layer is intended to show regions of likely mobilization for intended use by individuals in SRB mitigation attempting to explain redistribution or burial of SRBs, and displays variability over a tidal cycle. Supplemental_Information: This data layer is a subset of USGS Open-File Report 2012-1234, Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Model Application for OSAT3 Guidance. This layer is part of a series of data layers (naming convention Tidal_mobility_TT.xxx, where TT is an hourly time step, ranging from 1 to 24, and is also indicated in attributes within the file) demonstrating the variability with tidal fluctuations in this ratio for a fixed set of wave conditions over a 24 hour period. The wave conditions in the file correspond to waves at NOAA NDBC buoy 42040 of between 1.5-2 m, coming from between 135-157.50 degrees relative to north (corresponding to scenario H4_D7 in the included wave_scenarios.txt file). SRB class and sediment properties may be found in the look-up table included in the GIS zip file, SRB_casses.txt. The time steps (e.g., HH in the file names) of maximum flood and maximum ebb for various inlets in the domain are indicated in the included inlet_flood_ebb_tides.txt. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20100401 Ending_Date: 20120801 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Planned Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.715420 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -85.412233 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.692506 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.405594 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:19233989-3ed6-4030-a223-020d37e5024b Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: bottom shear stress Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: wave Theme_Keyword: current Theme_Keyword: Delft3D Theme_Keyword: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: SPCMSC Theme_Keyword: tarballs Theme_Keyword: surface residual balls Theme_Keyword: SRBs Theme_Keyword: sediment mobility Theme_Keyword: surf zone Theme_Keyword: alongshore currents Theme_Keyword: wave-driven currents Theme_Keyword: oceans and estuaries Theme_Keyword: oceans and coastal Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: predictions Theme_Keyword: physical/chemical features Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) Keywords Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: numerical modeling Theme_Keyword: pollution Theme_Keyword: petroleum spills Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: contaminant transport Theme_Keyword: industrial pollution Theme_Keyword: mathematical modeling Theme_Keyword: ocean processes Theme_Keyword: petroleum Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: Florida Place_Keyword: Alabama Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: North America Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: Mobile Bay Place_Keyword: Pensacola Bay Place_Keyword: Choctawhatchee Bay Place_Keyword: Santa Rosa Place_Keyword: Fort Pickens Place_Keyword: Gulf Shores Place_Keyword: Panama City Place_Keyword: Little Lagoon Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: seafloor Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: P. Soupy Dalyander Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2290 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sdalyander@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: model_bathymetry.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Graphic showing the numerical model domain over which analysis is conducted. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows Vista Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4095 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The attributes in this layer are the ratio of combined wave-current shear stress to critical stress for sediment and several sized SRBs. This layer is part of a series of data layers (naming convention Tidal_mobility_HH.xxx, where HH is an hourly time step, ranging from 1 to 24, and is also indicated in attributes within the file) demonstrating the variability with tidal fluctuations in this ratio for a fixed set of wave conditions over a 24 hour period. The wave conditions in the file correspond to waves at NOAA NDBC buoy 42040 of between 1.5-2 m, coming from between 135-157.50 degrees relative to north (corresponding to scenario H4_D7 in the included wave_scenarios.txt file). SRB class and sediment properties may be found in the look-up table included in the GIS zip file, SRB_casses.txt. Statistical values will vary if a different numerical model is used for the hydrodynamics, or if a different method is used in calculating wave-current stress or critical stress. Logical_Consistency_Report: No duplicate features are present. All polygons are closed, and all lines intersect where intended. No undershoots or overshoots are present. Completeness_Report: This statistic was calculated at all locations (wet grid cells) where model output exists. Because of differences between the scenarios, not all grid cells may be included in all scenarios. This layer is part of a series of data layers (naming convention Tidal_mobility_TT.xxx, where TT is an hourly time step, ranging from 1 to 24, and is also indicated in attributes within the file) demonstrating the variability with tidal fluctuations in this ratio for a fixed set of wave conditions over a 24 hour period. The wave conditions in the file correspond to waves at NOAA NDBC buoy 42040 of between 1.5-2 m, coming from between 135-157.50 degrees relative to north (corresponding to scenario H4_D7 in the included wave_scenarios.txt file). SRB class and sediment properties may be found in the look-up table included in the GIS zip file, SRB_casses.txt. The bottom shear stress was calculated from wave and current estimates generated with Delft3D, and would vary if different models were used or if different model inputs (such as bathymetry, forcing winds, and boundary conditions) or parameterizations were chosen. Calculated currents were depth-averaged and therefore the calculated mobility values are expected to be most valid in well-mixed regions, e.g., the surf zone. Mobility estimates would vary for different size or density objects and/or if a different formulation for calculating the critical stress value is used. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Numerical models are used in the generation of hydrodynamic conditions used in creating this data layer. Because the overall horizontal accuracy of the data set depends on the accuracy of the model, the underlying bathymetry, forcing values used, and so forth, the spatial accuracy of this data layer cannot be meaningfully quantified. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Publication_Date: 20110601 Title: NOAA/NCEP Global Forecast System (GFS) Atmospheric Model Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Camp Springs, MD Publisher: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction Online_Linkage: http://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/data.php Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20100401 Ending_Date: 20120531 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA GFS Source_Contribution: Wind speed data at 10 m above the sea surface from the NOAA Global Forecast System (GFS) 0.5 degree model is interpolated by NOAA to the 4' Wavewatch3 grid and archived. These archived data are used to drive the numerical wave and circulation model that creates estimated of bottom shear stress. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP Publication_Date: 20121001 Title: NOAA/NWS/NCEP 4' Wavewatch III Operational Wave Forecast Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Camp Springs, MD Publisher: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction Online_Linkage: http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/waves/index2.shtml Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20100401 Ending_Date: 20120531 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA WW3 Source_Contribution: Boundary conditions for the wave model were provided by the 4' NOAA/NWS/NCEP Wavewatch III operational ocean wave forecast. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Gary Egbert Originator: Lana Erofeeva Publication_Date: 20120801 Title: The OSU TOPEX/Poseidon Global Inverse Solution TPXO Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: model Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Corvallis, OR Publisher: Oregon State University Online_Linkage: http://volkov.oce.orst.edu/tides/global.html Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20100401 Ending_Date: 20120817 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: TPXO Tides Source_Contribution: The OSU TOPEX/Poseidon tidal prediction software package and associated data were used to develop a prediction of the tides at the offshore boundaries of the model domain in order to compute the phase lags between the two corners. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Publication_Date: 20120801 Title: Dauphin Island, AL, Tide Gauge Data (Station 8735180) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Silver Spring, MD Publisher: NOAA Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS) Online_Linkage: http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/data_menu.shtml?stn=8735180 Dauphin Island, AL&type=Tide Data Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20100401 Ending_Date: 20120817 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Dauphin Tides Source_Contribution: Observed tides from the NOAA Dauphin Island, AL, tide gauge (station 8735180) were used to reconstruct a morphological tide used to force tidal variations in the simulation. Process_Step: Process_Description: Analyze the water level elevation data from the NOAA tide gauge at Dauphin Island, AL, (8735180), for the period of April 1, 2010, to August 17, 2012, using T_TIDE (a Mathworks MATLAB software package described in Pawlowicz et al, 2002, , based on algorithms and FORTRAN code previously developed by Godin, 1972, and Foreman, 1977, 1978). Following the method prescribed in Lesser, 2009, develop the morphological tide, e.g., an equivalent description of the tidal variation responsible for the bulk of the morphological dynamics. A TPXO tidal prediction was then made at the two offshore points and analyzed with the T_TIDE software, and a phase lag between the M2 and C1 constituents was calculated. Foreman, M.G.G., 1977. Manual for tidal heights analysis and prediction. Pacific Marine Science Report 77-10, Institute of Ocean Sciences, Patricia Bay, Sidney, BC. Foreman, M.G.G., 1978. Manual for tidal currents analysis and prediction. Pacific Marine Science Report 78-6, Institute of Ocean Sciences, Patricia Bay, Sidney, BC. Godin, G., 1972. The Analysis of Tides. University of Toronto Press, Toronto. Lesser, G.R., 2009. An Approach to Medium-term Coastal Morphological Modelling. Dissertation. Delft University of Technology. Pawlowicz, R., Beardsley, B., Lentz, S., 2002. Classical tidal harmonic analysis including error estimates in MATLAB using T_TIDE. Comput. Geosci. 28, 929-937. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Dauphin Tides Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: TPXO Tides Process_Date: 2012 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Morpho Tides Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: David Thompson Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street S City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 803-8747 x3079 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (727) 803-2032 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dthompson@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The D-Flow and D-Waves components of the Deltares Delft3D numerical model suite (version 4.00.01) were used to estimate bottom orbital velocity, peak period, peak wave direction, and east and north components of wind and wave-driven velocity for the offshore wave conditions corresponding this scenario Hh_Dd (characteristics of which may be found in the included wave_scenarios.txt file) in each grid cell in the model domain. The wave model D-Waves, based on the Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) model, is a 3rd generation phase-averaged numerical wave model which conserves wave energy subject to generation, dissipation, and transformation processes and resolves spectral energy density over a range of user-specified frequencies and directions. D-Wave was used in stationary mode. D-Flow solves the shallow water Navier Stokes equations and is run in 2-D depth-averaged mode, with linkage to D-Waves allowing the generation of wave-driven currents via wave radiation stress forcing. Default values for model parameters governing horizontal viscosity, bottom roughness, and wind drag were used. Neumann boundary conditions were used along the east, west, and south model boundaries with harmonic forcing set to zero. The southern boundary was designated as a water level boundary with harmonic forcing using the M2 and C1 constituents of the morphological tide. The morphological tide harmonics were applied to the SW corner and the harmonics plus the phase lags were applied at the SE corner. Significant wave height, dominant wave period, and wave direction were prescribed as D-Wave TPAR format files every 30 grid cells along the model boundary using results from the NOAA Wavewatch III 4' multi-grid model for a representative moment in time corresponding to the offshore wave conditions of the scenario, the specific time of which may be found in the included wave_scenarios.txt file. A JONSWAP (JOint NOrth Sea WAve Project) spectral shape was assumed at these boundary points. Wind forcing was provided using the archived WavewatchIII 4' winds, extracted from the NOAA GFS wind model, for this time. The D-Wave directional space covers a full circle with a resolution was 5 degrees (72 bins). The frequency range was specified as 0.05-1 Hz with logarithmic spacing. Bottom friction calculations used the JONSWAP formulation with a uniform roughness coefficient of 0.067 m2/s3. 3rd-generation physics are activated which accounts for wind wave generation, triad wave interactions and whitecapping (via the Komen et al parameterization). Depth-induced wave breaking dissipation is included using the method of Battjes and Janssen with default values for alpha (1) and gamma (0.73). Wave model outputs of bottom orbital velocity, peak period, and peak wave direction were extracted on the wave model grid, and current model outputs of east and north current velocity component were extracted and interpolated to the wave model grid (staggered points in relation to the current model grid). NDBC observations from station 42012 for the representative scenario time periods were used to validate the wave model results. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA GFS Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA WW3 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: MORPHO TIDES Process_Date: 2012 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: DELFT3D Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Joseph W. Long Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street S City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 803-8747 x3024 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (727) 803-2032 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jwlong@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Use the wave model and current model results to calculate the bottom shear stress within each model grid cell using Mathworks MATLAB software (v2012A). The wave-current stress was calculating following the method of Soulsby (1995) to parameterize four methods giving good overall performance for estimating wave-current stress, based on original formulations by Grant and Madsen (1979), Fredsøe (1984), Huynh-Thanh and Temperville (1991), and Davies et al. (1998). The combined wave-current stress for the individual components of wave and current stress was calculated for hydrodynamic model output following the method prescribed in Soulsby (1997) for each of the four methods. The mean value of the four methodologies was used to estimate the combined wave-current shear stress for the hydrodynamic scenario. Wave direction, bottom orbital velocity, and period, and depth-averaged current magnitude and direction, required for this calculation, are calculated internally by the model. The roughness used is 1/12 the diameter of the SRB or sediment being analyzed, following Soulsby (1997). Stress values are saved in MATLAB .mat format. The same individual who completed this processing step completed all additional processing steps. References: Davies, A.G., Soulsby, R.L., King, H.L. (1988). A numerical model of the combined wave and current bottom boundary layer. J. Geophys. Res. 93, 491-508. Fredsøe, J. (1984). Turbulent boundary layer in wave-current motion. J. Hydraul. Eng. ASCE (110), 1103-1120. Grant, W.D., Madsen, O.S. (1979). Combined wave and current interaction with a rough bottom. J. Geophys. Res. (84), 1797-1808. Huynh-Thanh, S., Temperville, A. (1991). A numerical model of the rough turbulent boundary layer in combined wave and current interaction, in Sand Transport in Rivers, Estuaries, and the Sea, eds. R. L. Soulsby and R. Bettess, pp 93-100. Balkema, Rotterdam. Soulsby, R.L. (1995). Bed shear-stresses due to combined waves and currents, in Advances in Coastal Morphodynamics, eds. M.J.F. Stive, H.J. de Vriend, J. Fredsøe, L. Hamm, R.L. Soulsby, C. Teisson and J.C. Winterwerp, pp. 4-20 and 3-23. Delft Hydraulics, Netherlands. Soulsby, R.L. (1997). Dynamics of Marine Sands. Thomas Telford Publications: London, 249 pp. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: DELFT3D Process_Date: 2012 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: WC STRESS Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: P. Soupy Dalyander Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02540 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2290 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sdalyander@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Estimate the critical shear stress for 300 micron quartz sediment and 6 SRB size classes and take the ratio of the combined wave-current stress to this critical value at each grid point. The specific characteristics for the sediment and SRB classes may be found in the included SRB_classes.txt file. Calculations are performed in Mathworks MATLAB (v2012A). Critical stress thresholds are calculated using the Shield's parameter following Soulsby (1997) and saved in MATLAB .mat format. In the case of SRBs, the Shield's parameter is identified as a "high" critical stress value, corresponding to instances when an SRB of the identified size is within a uniform bed of similarly sized SRBs. Exposure above the bed, such as may occur with a single SRB on a sand band, reduces the critical shear stress value for incipient motion. Based on field observations of gravel and sand mixtures, a "medium" critical stress value is calculated from a constant non-dimensional Shields parameter of 0.02, and a "low" critical stress value is calculated from a constant non-dimensional Shields parameter of 0.01 (Andrews, 1983; Bottacin-Busolin et al, 2008; Fenton and Abbott, 1977; Wiberg and Smith, 1987; Wilcock, 1998). Because the in-situ sediment is assumed to be of a relatively uniform size, a single critical stress value based on the Shields parameter is used. References: Andrews, E.D. (1983). Entrainment of gravel from naturally sorted riverbed material. Geo. Soc. Amer. Bull. (94), 1225-1231. Bottacin-Busolin, A., Tait, S.J., Marion, A., Chegini, A., Tregnaghi, M. (2008). Probabilistic description of grain resistance from simultaneous flow field and grain motion measurements. Water Resources Res. (44), WO9419. Fenton, J.D., Abbott, J.E. (1977). Initial movement of grains on a stream bed: the effect of relative protusion. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A. (352), 523-537. Soulsby, R., 1997. Dynamics of Marine Sands, a Manual for Practical Applications. Thomas Telford Publications, London. Wibert, P.L., Smith, J.D. (1987). Calculations of the Critical Shear Stress for Motion of Uniform and Heterogenous Sediments. Water Resources Res. (23), 1471-1480. Wilcock, P.R. (1998). Two-Fraction Model of Initial Sediment Motion in Gravel-Bed Rivers. Science (280), 410-412. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: WC STRESS Process_Date: 2012 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: RATIO Process_Step: Process_Description: Export the values for each grid cell from MATLAB format into an ArcGIS shapefile using the Mathworks MATLAB Mapping Toolbox (v2012A). Each of 24 hourly time steps from the tidal simulation are output to a seperate GIS layer of naming convention Tidal_mobility_TT.xxx, where TT is the hourly time step. Land grid cells are not exported to Arc. The shapefile is written with the "shapewrite" command. Because MATLAB does not assign a projection, the projection corresponding to the projection associated with the bathymetry used in the numerical models is added in ArcCatalog 9.3. The file was then quality checked in ArcMap to insure values were properly exported to the shapefile from MATLAB. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: RATIO Process_Date: 2012 Process_Step: Process_Description: Keywords section of metadata optimized for discovery in USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Data Catalog. Process_Date: 20170313 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Keywords section of metadata optimized by correcting variations of theme keyword thesauri and updating/adding keywords. Process_Date: 20180403 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Arnell S. Forde Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aforde@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Gulf of Mexico Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 982790 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.01 m Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Tidal_mobility_TT Entity_Type_Definition: Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Model Application for OSAT3 Guidance: Ratio of the wave- and current-induced shear stress to the critical value for oil-tar balls and sediment mobilization at a specific time step in a tidal cycle Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Scenario_H Attribute_Definition: Scenario wave height number, see wave_scenarios.txt Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Scenario_D Attribute_Definition: Scenario wave direction number, see wave_scenarios.txt Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 16 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Time_Step Attribute_Definition: Time step index into the 24 hour tidal cycle simulation Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 24 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: sediment Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress to the critical stress for 300 micron quartz sand calculated from the Shield's parameter. Values greater than one indicate sand is likely mobilized under the wave conditions associated with this scenario. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB1_high Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 1 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from the Shield's parameter. The Shield's parameter is a relatively high critical stress estimate and does not account for a reduced critical stress due to potential SRB exposure above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB1_med Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 1 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.02. This critical stress estimate is a mid-range value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to some exposure of the SRB above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB1_low Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 1 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.01. This critical stress estimate is a low value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to exposure of the SRB above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB2_high Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 2 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from the Shield's parameter. The Shield's parameter is a relatively high critical stress estimate and does not account for a reduced critical stress due to potential SRB exposure above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB2_med Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 2 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.02. This critical stress estimate is a mid-range value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to some exposure of the SRB above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB2_low Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 2 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.01. This critical stress estimate is a low value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to exposure of the SRB above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB3_high Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 3 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from the Shield's parameter. The Shield's parameter is a relatively high critical stress estimate and does not account for a reduced critical stress due to potential SRB exposure above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB3_med Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 3 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.02. This critical stress estimate is a mid-range value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to some exposure of the SRB above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB3_low Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 3 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.01. This critical stress estimate is a low value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to exposure of the SRB above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB4_high Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 4 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from the Shield's parameter. The Shield's parameter is a relatively high critical stress estimate and does not account for a reduced critical stress due to potential SRB exposure above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB4_med Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 4 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.02. This critical stress estimate is a mid-range value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to some exposure of the SRB above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB4_low Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 4 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.01. This critical stress estimate is a low value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to exposure of the SRB above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB5_high Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 5 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from the Shield's parameter. The Shield's parameter is a relatively high critical stress estimate and does not account for a reduced critical stress due to potential SRB exposure above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB5_med Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 5 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.02. This critical stress estimate is a mid-range value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to some exposure of the SRB above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB5_low Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 5 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.01. This critical stress estimate is a low value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to exposure of the SRB above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB6_high Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 6 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from the Shield's parameter. The Shield's parameter is a relatively high critical stress estimate and does not account for a reduced critical stress due to potential SRB exposure above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB6_med Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 6 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.02. This critical stress estimate is a mid-range value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to some exposure of the SRB above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRB6_low Attribute_Definition: Unitless ratio of the combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for this scenario to the critical stress for SRB class 6 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.01. This critical stress estimate is a low value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to exposure of the SRB above the seafloor. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: P. Soupy Dalyander Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2290 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sdalyander@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Tidal_mobility_TT.shp: ratio of combined wave- and current-induced shear stress for hourly time-step TT in a time-series of mobility over a tidal cycle to critical stress for sediment and various size SRBs (see SRB_classes.txt). NOTE: Specific layer name indicates the time-step (TT) for the layer. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: SHP Format_Version_Number: 3.3 Format_Specification: ESRI shapefile Format_Information_Content: WinZip archive file containing the shapefile components. The WinZip file also includes FGDC compliant metadata. File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip 12.0 archive Transfer_Size: 150 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1234/datafiles.html Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: These data are available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) shapefile format. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing the data. A free data viewer, ArcExplorer, capable of displaying the data is available from ESRI at www.esri.com. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201013 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: P. Soupy Dalyander Contact_Position: Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Role City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2290 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sdalyander@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: None