Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Geotagged low-altitude aerial imagery from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over of the Lake Ontario shoreline in the vicinity of Braddock Bay, New York in July 2017 Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F74F1PX3 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F74F1PX3 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5a5cb30ce4b06e28e9bcd24b Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Christopher R. Sherwood Originator: Sandra M. Brosnahan Originator: Seth D. Ackerman Originator: Jonathan Borden Originator: Ellyn T. Montgomery Originator: Elizabeth A. Pendleton Originator: Emily J. Sturdivant Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Aerial imagery and photogrammetric products from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over the Lake Ontario shoreline at Braddock Bay, New York, July 10 to 11, 2017 Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F74F1PX3 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Sherwood, C.R., Brosnahan, S.M., Ackerman, S.D., Borden, Jonathan, Montgomery, E.T., Pendleton, E.A., and Sturdivant, E.J., 2018, Aerial imagery and photogrammetric products from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over the Lake Ontario shoreline at Braddock Bay, New York, July 10 to 11, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F74F1PX3. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F74F1PX3 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5a329336e4b08e6a89d88012 Description: Abstract: Low-altitude (80-100 meters above ground level) digital images were obtained from a camera mounted on a 3DR Solo quadcopter, a small unmanned aerial system (UAS), in three locations along the Lake Ontario shoreline in New York during July 2017. These data were collected to document and monitor effects of high lake levels, including shoreline erosion, inundation, and property damage in the vicinities of Braddock Bay, Sodus Bay, and Chimney Bluffs State Park, New York. This data release includes images tagged with locations determined from the UAS GPS; tables with updated estimates of camera positions and attitudes based on the photogrammetric reconstruction; tables listing locations of the base stations, ground control points, and transect points; geolocated, RGB-colored point clouds; orthomosaic images; and digital elevation models for each of the survey regions. Collection of these data was supported by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the State of New York Departments of State and Environmental Conservation, and the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program and was conducted under USGS field activity number 2017-042-FA. Purpose: These images were collected along the Lake Ontario shoreline in the vicinity of Braddock Bay, NY for the purposes of documenting and monitoring lake level change impacts to the lake shoreline. These overlapping aerial images are used within photogrammetric processing software to create point clouds, regional orthomosaics, and digital elevation models. Supplemental_Information: For more information about this field activity, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2017-042-FA. Photogrammetric processing using ground control points produces estimates of camera location and attitude (roll, pitch, and yaw) with much higher accuracies. Tables containing position and attitude estimates derived from photogrammetric post-processing are available in this data release, and are considered to have better positional accuracy than the GPS information provided in the EXIF headers in the images in this dataset. These photographs are the source for the photogrammetric products are grouped according to flight number. Flights 4-7 were acquired on July 10 and are used in the Braddock West project. Flights 10-13 and 16-22 were acquired on July 11 and are used in the Braddock East project. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20170710 Ending_Date: 20170711 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Not planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.713289 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.682145 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.312040 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.296576 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:5a5cb30ce4b06e28e9bcd24b Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: State of New York Department of State Theme_Keyword: State of New York Department of Environmental Conservation Theme_Keyword: Federal Emergency Management Agency Theme_Keyword: shoreline Theme_Keyword: lake level Theme_Keyword: 3DR Solo quadcopter Theme_Keyword: Ricoh GRII Theme_Keyword: shoreline photographs Theme_Keyword: photographs Theme_Keyword: photos Theme_Keyword: JPEG Theme_Keyword: low-altitude aerial imagery Theme_Keyword: aerial imagery Theme_Keyword: UAS Theme_Keyword: Unmanned aerial system Theme_Keyword: geotagged photos Theme_Keyword: lakeshore Theme_Keyword: field activity number 2017-042-FA Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: image collections Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: location Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: USA Place_Keyword: Great Lakes Place_Keyword: New York Place_Keyword: Lake Ontario Place_Keyword: Braddock Bay Wildlife Management Area Place_Keyword: Braddock Bay Place_Keyword: Greece, NY Place_Keyword: Braddock Point Place_Keyword: Westpoint Marina Place_Keyword: Braddock Bay Park Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Sandra Brosnahan Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2265 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sbrosnahan@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a5cb30ce4b06e28e9bcd24b/?name=2017042FA_BraddockBay_Photos_browse.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: example of an aerial image from field activity 2017-042-FA Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The Ricoh GRII HD cameras used on the UAS acquires photos at 16.2 Megapixels, with file sizes generally between 4 and 6 MB on disc, depending on image complexity. The GPS used on the UAS has theoretical accuracies of 3 meters horizontally and 10 m vertically. Photogrammetric processing using ground control points produces estimates of camera location and attitude (roll, pitch, and yaw) with much higher accuracies. Tables containing position and attitude estimates derived from photogrammetric post-processing are available in this data release. Logical_Consistency_Report: Photographs were renamed to include survey ID, Camera ID, flight ID, date and time (based on UTC), and original filename to ensure no duplicated filenames. And EXIF header information was modified for all photos to include standard USGS tags. Some photographs may be auto-rotated during data management and transfer, however, this does not affect camera location, processing results, or final products in Photoscan software. Completeness_Report: Twenty-two (f1-f22) UAS flights were conducted in Braddock Bay survey areas along the NY Lake Ontario shoreline. Flights 2, 8, 9, 14, and 15 were aborted for reasons including errors in the telemetry log, loss of contact with GPS base station, and poor photo quality. During the 17 successful flights, photographs were captured every 2 seconds. Gaps in sequential 2 second photo intervals exist because some photos were deleted, for example, because of overexposure, or multiple photos of the landing pad per flight as the UAS was taking off and landing. Note that when creating the photogrammetry projects, at the processor's discretion, some photos, usually those from the take-off and landing, were not imported into PhotoScan. However, those images are included here for thoroughness of archiving the RAW images. Flights 1-22 were acquired in Braddock Bay vicinity and are associated with a WHCMSC AIM (Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center - Aerial Imaging and Mapping group) internal project identifier UID 35. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal positions recorded in the UAS flight logs and later applied to the EXIF portion of the images were derived from a mRo GPS (u-Blox Neo-M8N / 3DR SOLO Upgrade), which receives signals from GPS and GLONASS satellites in WGS84 (G1150) EPSG::7660, but is otherwise uncorrected. Horizontal locations are considered accurate to approximately 3 meters, but may be off by as much as 10 meters due to UAS flight path and uncertainty associated with the geotagging process. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Vertical positions recorded in the UAS flight logs and later applied to the EXIF portion of the images are ellipsoidal heights and were derived from a a mRo GPS (u-Blox Neo-M8N / 3DR SOLO Upgrade), which receives signals from GPS and GLONASS satellites, but is otherwise uncorrected. Vertical locations are less accurate than horizontal positions and may be off by more than 10 meters. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: Unpublished Material Title: unpublished raw photos collected from a UAS during field activity 2017-042-FA Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Online_Linkage: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2017-042-FA Type_of_Source_Media: disc Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20170710 Ending_Date: 20170711 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: raw photos from FA 2017-042 Source_Contribution: These JPEG images are used to produce geotagged photographs and subsequent photogrammetric products. JPEG photographs from each of the UAS flights were downloaded from the respective Ricoh cameras and saved according to the flight number (which is approximately the duration of one UAS battery lifespan (maximum 15 minutes). One telemetry log for the UAS that contains position in x,y,z, time, pitch, roll, yaw, course, and mode (saved in .tlog, .kmz, .gpx, and .csv format) and one folder of photos exists for each of the 17 successful flights. These data were used to produce the geotagged photos described in the processing steps. Process_Step: Process_Description: All aerial photographs were acquired with one of two Ricoh GRII cameras (labeled RI01 and RI02). Ricoh cameras do no contain an internal GPS, and an external GPS mounted on the UAS is used to add geopositioning information during post-processing (described later). One of the two cameras was mounted on a 3DR Solo quadcopter unmanned aerial system (UAS; FAA number- FA3R4LWWY9) for each flight. Flights were flown along pre-planned lines and lasted the duration of the UAS battery life (maximum 15 minutes) or until the flight was completed or aborted. The camera was set to record images at 2-second intervals, activated before takeoff, and deactivated after landing. Preflight photos of UTC time displayed on a smartphone used as an accurate timepiece were captured with the camera and used to monitor camera clock drift. Camera time and UTC time were never different (to a 1 second accuracy) during this survey. However, the UAS GPS was recording in local (EDT) time and the camera was recording in UTC, therefore a 14400 second correction was applied (explained in the next process step). Process_Date: 201709 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Christopher R. Sherwood Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543 Country: U.S.A. Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2269 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508 457 2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: csherwood@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The JPEG images were geotagged by adding location information to standard GPS tags (GPSLatitude, GPSLatitudeRef, GPSLongitude, GPSLongitudeRef, GPSAltitude, GPSTimeStamp, GPSDateStamp) in the EXIF headers. Image descriptions, Artist credit, Copyright, caption information, keywords, and credits/origin tags were also added, and the images were renamed. All of the following process steps were conducted by the same person using pyExifToolGUI (version 0.50), ExifTools (version: 10.61), and Namexif (version 1.7). 1. Telemetry logs recorded in Mission Planner software (version 1.3.49) and saved as GPX files were used in pyExifToolGUI to geotag the JPEG photos. PyExifTool provides a graphical frontend for ExifTools and only requires 3 user inputs to complete geotagging the raw photos. Geotagging was completed per flight since there was a single .gpx file and image folder file per flight. In pyExifTool under the 'Edit Data' tab, Geotagging is selected and the user supplies the folder containing the images to be geotagged, the GPS log file (a GPX file for this survey), and a Geosync time to account for any offset between the GPS and camera. A Geosync time of -14400 sec was supplied here for all 2017-042-FA flights, because GPS time was recorded in EDT, which is 4 hours or 14400 sec behind UTC time. There was no other 'time drift' difference noted during the survey between the camera and the GPS clocks. 2. After all the JPEG photos were geotagged in pyExifToolGUI, ExifTools was used to update several additional tags for all the photos. The updated tags include: -Copyright -CopyrightNotice, -ImageDescription, -Caption-Abstract, -Caption, -keywords, -comment, -Credit, -Contact, -Artist JPEG tags: >Comment: Photo from a down-looking UAS camera during USGS Field Activity 2017-042-FA near Braddock Bay, NY (https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2017-042-FA) EXIF tags: >ImageDescription: Photographs of the Lake Ontario shoreline, Braddock Bay vicinity, New York, USA from survey 2017-042-FA. >Artist: Sandy Brosnahan >Copyright: Public Domain - please credit U.S. Geological Survey IPTC tags: >Credit: U.S. Geological Survey >Contact: WHSC_data_contact@usgs.gov >Keywords: Lake Ontario / New York / 2017-042-FA / UAS / aerial imagery / USGS >CopyrightNotice: Public Domain - please credit U.S. Geological Survey >Caption-Abstract: Photographs of the Lake Ontario shoreline, Braddock Bay vicinity, New York, USA from survey 2017-042-FA. XMP tags: >Caption: Photographs of the Lake Ontario shoreline, Braddock Bay vicinity, New York, USA from survey 2017-042-FA. 3. Finally, all the JPEG images were renamed with Namexif ( version 1.7: http://www.digicamsoft.com/softnamexif.html) to ensure unique filenames and compliance with USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program's best practices for image naming convention. Images were renamed with a survey ID prefix followed by a local USGS UID, which corresponds to a distinct UAS project; a camera ID that distinguishes among USGS cameras by make, model, and camera number; the image acquisition date and time in ISO8601 format(UTC; and a suffix with the original image name. For example, image name '2017042FA_U035RI01_20170711T162904Z_A2018661.JPG', 2017042FA is the internal survey ID, U035 is the internal UID, RI01 is the internal camera ID, 20170711 is the UTC date in format YYYYMMDD. A 'T' is used to separate UTC date from UTC zulu time in format HHMMSS followed by a 'Z', and A2018661 is the original raw photo name appended to the end of the new filename. Process_Date: 20170822 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Elizabeth A. Pendleton Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: U.S. Geological Survey Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2259 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ependleton@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20200807 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 3264 Column_Count: 4352 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: IGS08 (EPOCH:2017.8707) Altitude_Resolution: 0.01 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: There are no additional attributes besides the tags described in data quality section associated with these images. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS Field Activity 2017-042-FA Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888- 275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: This data release includes raw data in the form of geotagged aerial images in JPEG format. The aerial images are distributed in 4 zip files, each containing folders of images, organized by flight number and limited to 10 GB in size. In total there are over 5500 images. The zip filenames are: 2017042FA_U35_F1toF6_BraddockBay.zip (1353 images); 2017042FA_U35_F7toF13_BraddockBay.zip (1794 images); 2017042FA_U35_F16toF19_BraddockBay.zip (1353 images); 2017042FA_U35_F20toF22_BraddockBay.zip (636 images). Flights 1, 3 and 4-7 were acquired on July 10 and are used in the Braddock West project. Flights 10-13 and 16-22 were acquired on July 11 and are used in the Braddock East project. Additionally, the FGDC CSDGM metadata (2017042FA_BraddockBay_Photos.xml) and a browse graphic (2017042FA_Braddock_Photos_browse.jpg) accompanies the images in each zip file. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: JPEG Format_Information_Content: Zipped files contain geotagged aerial images collected by the U.S. Geological Survey - Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center along Braddock Bay, NY. These data are contained within folders organized by flight number along with the associated metadata and a browse graphic. File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip, 7zip, Peazip or pkUnzip Transfer_Size: 9686 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5a5cb30ce4b06e28e9bcd24b Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F74F1PX3 Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a5cb30ce4b06e28e9bcd24b/?name=2017042FA_U35_F1toF6_BraddockBay.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a5cb30ce4b06e28e9bcd24b/?name=2017042FA_U35_F7toF13_BraddockBay.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a5cb30ce4b06e28e9bcd24b/?name=2017042FA_U35_F16toF19_BraddockBay.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a5cb30ce4b06e28e9bcd24b/?name=2017042FA_U35_F20toF22_BraddockBay.zip Access_Instructions: The first link is to the page containing the data, the second link is to the publication landing page, and the subsequent links are to the specific set of UAS photographs grouped by flight as indicated in the zipfile filename. Because each zip file dataset is over 1 GB, the user should go to the main landing page (first link) and use the large file download option to obtain the data. The links to the individual datasets may or may not work appropriately. Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: These files require software capable of unzipping the archive, opening JPEG images and, if desired, capable or reading the associated EXIF information. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20240319 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Sandra Brosnahan Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: U.S. Geological Survey Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2265 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240319) Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: None