Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Ground control point locations associated with images collected during unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over Coast Guard Beach, Nauset Spit, Nauset Inlet, and Nauset Marsh, Cape Cod National Seashore, Eastham, Massachusetts on 1 March 2016 (Text file and photos) Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data digital text files Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7CN721H Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7CN721H Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/57a0b1a6e4b060ce18fbf331 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57a0b1a6e4b060ce18fbf331?name=CACO_grnd_ctrl_pnts.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Christopher R. Sherwood Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Low-altitude aerial imagery and related field observations associated with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over Coast Guard Beach, Nauset Spit, Nauset Inlet, and Nauset Marsh, Cape Cod National Seashore, Eastham, Massachusetts on 1 March 2016 Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7CN721H Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7CN721H Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/579a6face4b0589fa1c8718c Description: Abstract: This dataset documents the locations of ground control points associated with images obtained from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flown in the Cape Cod National Seashore. Most of the ground control points were temporary targets placed by the U.S. Geological Survey field crew, but four were man-made features already in place, and two were points selected a posteriori from preliminary orthophotomosaics. Photographs of the four in-place features are included in this dataset, as are images showing the location of the two a posteriori points at two zoom levels. The locations of these ground control points can be used to constrain photogrammetric reconstructions based on the aerial imagery. The overall objective of the fieldwork was to evaluate the quality and cost of mapping from UAS images. Low-altitude (approximately 120 meters above ground level) digital images were obtained from cameras in a fixed-wing UAS flown from the lawn adjacent to the Coast Guard Beach parking lot on 1 March, 2016. All activities were conducted according to Federal Aviation Administration regulations and under a National Park Service Scientific Research and Collecting Permit, study number CACO-00285, permit number CACO-2016-SCI-003. Purpose: The objective of obtaining these ground control points was to constrain the photogrammetric products constructed from the aerial images. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20160301 Currentness_Reference: ground condition temporary markers and permanent infrastucture Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -69.9527 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -69.9391 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.8478 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.8255 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:57a0b1a6e4b060ce18fbf331 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: aerial images Theme_Keyword: unmanned aerial system Theme_Keyword: UAS Theme_Keyword: drone Theme_Keyword: ground control point Theme_Keyword: targets Theme_Keyword: field activity number 2016-007-FA Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: navigational data Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: Cape Cod Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Coast Guard Beach Place_Keyword: Nauset Inlet Place_Keyword: Nauset Marsh Place_Keyword: Cape Cod National Seashore Place_Keyword: Eastham Place_Keyword: Orleans Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher R. Sherwood Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2269 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: csherwood@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57a0b1a6e4b060ce18fbf331?name=CACO_ground_control_points_map_20160301.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Map of ground control point locations. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: The text file CACO_ground_control_points_20160301.txt lists the locations (coordinates in UTM Zone 19 North meters) of all 32 ground control points, including in-place features, commercial targets, plywood targets, and black plastic trash bags, as well as two points established by picking flat but distinctive locations in the orthophotomosaic. The text contains two header lines (preceded by hash # characters) and 32 more lines with four columns of comma-separated values. The columns contain, in order, the name, easting, northing, and elevation. Easting and Northing are UTM Zone 19 North (meters) in the NAD83(2011) coordinate system. Elevation is in meters referenced to NAVD88. Targets with "MOVED" in the name were moved between flight 1 and flight 2. Completeness_Report: Locations of all 32 of the ground control points are listed in the text file CACO_ground_control_points_20160301.txt. Temporary targets are labeled as Bn, Pn, or Tn in the .txt file. One target (B1) was removed and two targets (P6 and T2) were moved between flight 1 and flight 2 in advance of the rising tide. The temporary targets are clearly visible in the aerial images, so ground photos of these targets are not included. In-place features included with labels BE, BW, FLAGSTONE, and MAN-SW. Ground photos of these features are included so that they can be identified in the aerial images. Also included are the locations of two additional points (labelled fake1 and fake2) that were used to constrain photogrammetry in western portion of Nauset Marsh, where no GCPs were deployed. These points were established by picking flat but distinctive locations in the orthophotomosaic and determining their elevations from the 2013 USGS Lidar data. Images showing the location of these points in the orthophotomosaic are included at two zoom levels. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal positions were determined with one of two GNSS rovers receiving real-time differential corrections from a GNSS base station established over a temporary benchmark on the lawn of the NEED building at Coast Guard Beach. The base station was a Spectra model SP80 GNSS receiver with UHF radio and external antenna mounted on a separate tripod. The antenna height was 2.25 m. The coordinates of the reference point (named CGB_OPUS) were determined from an ultra-rapid precise orbit On-line Positioning User Service (OPUS) solution based on GPS data from a five-hour occupation on January 11, 2016. Coordinates in NAD83 2010(2011) UTM Zone 19, elevation NAVD88 (geoid 12a) for the reference point are: Northing (m) 4632792.698 (+/-0.002), Easting (m) 421296.521 (+/-0.003), Orthometric elevation (m) 12.880 (+/-0.012). The uncertainties in parentheses represent peak-to-peak values. One of the rovers was a Spectra Precision model SP80 GNSS receiver linked via Bluetooth to a data collector (Carlson CHC LT30 Handheld Terminal running Carlson SurvCE v. 4.06 software under Windows Mobile v. 6.1 Professional operating system). This instrument was operated by Sandy Brosnahan. The second rover was a Spectra Precision model ProMark 800 GNSS receiver linked to a similar data collector, operated by Barry Irwin. Both rover antennas were mounted on 2-m survey rods with bubble levels and 5-cm (2-inch) sand feet. The instruments were used to stake three reference points established near the base station at the beginning and end of the day. The average absolute deviation largest horizontal or vertical difference measured was +0.03 m. Conversions from satellite coordinates to NAD83(2011) UTM Zone 19 North and NAVD88 were made by Carlson SurvCE software in the data collector. Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.03 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Accuracy based on reoccupation of reference points at end of survey and uncertainty in reference point locations Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Vertical positions were determined with one of two GNSS rovers receiving real-time differential corrections from a GNSS base station established over a temporary benchmark on the lawn of the NEED building at Coast Guard Beach (see Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report for a complete description of the survey methods). The instruments were used to stake three reference points established near the base station at the beginning and end of the day. The average absolute deviation largest horizontal or vertical difference measured was +0.03 m. Conversions from satellite coordinates to NAD83(2011) UTM Zone 19 and NAVD88 were made by Carlson SurvCE software in the data collector. Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.05 Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Accuracy based on reoccupation of reference points at end of survey and uncertainty in reference point locations Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Thirty-two ground control points are listed in the file CACO_ground_control_points_20160301.txt. Most (28) were targets placed by the USGS field crew but four were man-made features already in place. Of these, one target (B1) was removed and two targets (P6 and T2) were moved between flight 1 and flight 2 in advance of the rising tide. The labels associated with locations of moved targets are appended with _MOVED. Two additional locations without targets (designated fake1 and fake2) were used to improve photogrammetric results in the western marsh portion of the survey area. Placed targets included commercial targets (4 ft x 4 ft x 4-mil thick PVC plastic sheets with black and white diamond patterns and grommets in corners; Berntsen International, Inc. product number AT48IC-STK), plywood targets (2 ft x 2 ft x 1/2-inch thick plywood boards painted with black and white squares), and black plastic trash bags. The commercial targets were designated Tnn and the plywood targets were designated Pnn, where nn is the target number. The trash bags were designated Bxx or BNxx, where xx is the order in which they were deployed. In-place features included BE, BW, FLAGSTONE, and MAN-SW. Photos of these features are included so that they can be identified in the aerial images. Also included are images showing the location of the two points without targets (fake1 and fake2). Horizontal coordinates for these points were picked from a preliminary version of an orthophoto; vertical coordinates were determined from LiDAR data in the 2013-2014 U.S. Geological Survey CMGP LiDAR: Post Sandy (MA, NH, RI) https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/index.html?action=advsearch&qType=in&qFld=ID&qVal=4914. Two differential GPS (Global Positioning System) rover instruments were used by field crews to map targets for ground control points. One was a Spectra Precision model SP80 GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver linked via Bluetooth to a data collector (Carlson CHC LT30 Handheld Terminal running Carlson SurvCE v. 4.06 software under Windows Mobile v. 6.1 Professional operating system). This instrument was operated by Sandy Brosnahan. The second rover was a Spectra Precision model ProMark 800 GNSS receiver linked to a similar data collector, operated by Barry Irwin. Both rover antennas were mounted on 2-m survey rods with bubble levels and 5-cm (2-inch) sand feet. The rovers received differential GPS corrections in real time from a base station (described below). The rovers were used to map three reference points established near the base station at the beginning and end of the day. The average absolute deviation largest vertical difference measured was +0.03 m. A differential GPS base station was established over a temporary benchmark on the lawn of the NEED building at Coast Guard Beach. The base station was a Spectra model SP80 GNSS receiver with UHF radio and external antenna mounted on a separate tripod. The antenna height was 2.25 m. The coordinates of the reference point (named CGB_OPUS) were determined from an ultra-rapid precise orbit On-line Positioning User Service (OPUS) solution based on GPS data from a five-hour occupation on January 11, 2016. Coordinates in NAD83 2010(2011) UTM Zone 19 North, elevation NAVD88 (geoid 12a) for the reference point are: Northing (m) 4632792.698 (+/-0.002), Easting (m) 421296.521 (+/-0.003), Orthometric elevation (m) 12.880 (+/-0.012). The uncertainties in parentheses represent peak-to-peak values. Ground control point measurements were converted to NAD83 2010(2011), UTM Zone 19 North (meters) NAVD88 (Geoid 12a) as the data were collected. The measurements were exported from the data collector in a text file that was edited to isolate the ground control points and remove extraneous columns (CACO_ground_control_points_20160301.txt). Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Date: 20160312 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Ground control points Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher R. Sherwood Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2269 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: csherwood@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Process_Date: 20180720 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20200807 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -69.00000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.00000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) Altitude_Resolution: 0.01 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The text file CACO_ground_control_points_20160301.txt contains two header lines (preceded by hash # characters) and 32 more lines with four columns of comma-separated values. The first header line is the well-known-text (WKT) description of the projection. The second line contains column headings. The columns contain, in order, the name (or label), easting, northing, and elevation. Easting and Northing are UTM Zone 19 North (meters) in the NAD83(2011) coordinate system, the elevation is NAVD88 in meters. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: The zip file contains the text file CACO_ground_control_points_20160301.txt, six portable network graphics (PNG) files with images of in-place ground control points, four PNG files with images of the two a posteriori points, and one JPEG file with a map of the study area with markers indicating locations of the ground control points. FGDC CSDGM metadata is also included in XML and HTML formats. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Text Format_Information_Content: The zip file contains the text file CACO_ground_control_points_20160301.txt, six portable network graphics (PNG) files with images of in-place ground control points, four PNG files with images of the two a posteriori points, and one JPEG file with a map of the study area with markers indicating locations of the ground control points. FGDC CSDGM metadata is also included. File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip, 7zip, Peazip or pkUnzip Transfer_Size: .003 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57a0b1a6e4b060ce18fbf331?name=CACO_grnd_ctrl_pnts.zip Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded via the Internet Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: PNG Format_Information_Content: The zip file contains the text file CACO_ground_control_points_20160301.txt, six portable network graphics (PNG) files with images of in-place ground control points, four PNG files with images of the two a posteriori points, and one JPEG file with a map of the study area with markers indicating locations of the ground control points. FGDC CSDGM metadata is also included. File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip, 7zip, Peazip or pkUnzip Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57a0b1a6e4b060ce18fbf331?name=CACO_grnd_ctrl_pnts.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/57a0b1a6e4b060ce18fbf331 Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded via the Internet Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: The .txt files are plain text with comma-separated-values. They can read with most editors and spreadsheet programs. The .png files are raster digital images and can be read with most image viewing software. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20200807 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher R. Sherwood Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2269 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: csherwood@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998