Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Zafer Defne Originator: Neil K. Ganju Publication_Date: 2017 Title: Change in salinity exposure of salt marsh units in Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey during Hurricane Sandy Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set (Polygon) Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7K64GZT Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K64GZT Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59655223e4b0d1f9f05b3685 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Zafer Defne Originator: Neil K. Ganju Publication_Date: 2017 Title: Wetland data layers derived from Barnegat Bay Little Egg Harbor hydrodynamic model Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7K64GZT Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Defne, Zafer, and Ganju, N.K., 2017, Wetland data layers derived from Barnegat Bay Little Egg Harbor hydrodynamic model: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K64GZT. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K64GZT Description: Abstract: As part of the Hurricane Sandy Science Plan, the U.S. Geological Survey is expanding National Assessment of Coastal Change Hazards and forecast products to coastal wetlands. The intent is to provide federal, state, and local managers with tools to estimate the vulnerability of coastal wetlands to various factors and to evaluate their ecosystem service potential. For this purpose, the response and resilience of coastal wetlands to physical factors need to be assessed in terms of the ensuing change to their vulnerability and ecosystem services. Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (EBFNWR), New Jersey, was selected as a pilot study area. As part of this data synthesis effort, hydrodynamic and sediment transport modeling of Barnegat Bay Little Egg Harbor (BBLEH) has been used to create the following wetland data layers in Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (EBFNWR), New Jersey: 1) Hydrodynamic residence time , 2) salinity change and 3) salinity exposure change in wetlands, and 4) sediment supply to wetlands. The residence time layer was based on the hydrodynamic and particle tracking modeling of the period 3/1/2012 to 5/1/2012 by Defne and Ganju (2015). For this data layer, the residence time map of estuarine water has been projected over the EBFNWR salt marshes. The rest of the layers were derived from the BBLEH hydrodynamic modeling for the Hurricane Sandy period that spans from 10/27/2012 to 11/04/2012 (Defne and Ganju, 2016a). The model estimated changes in salinity and sediment concentrations over the salt marshes caused by storm-induced coastal flooding. The results are summarized over the previously determined conceptual salt marsh unit polygons (Defne and Ganju, 2016b). Purpose: This polygon dataset facilitates quantifying the changes in salinity exposure of vegetation in the EBFNWR salt marsh complex by summarizing the results over the previously determined conceptual salt marsh unit polygons (Defne and Ganju, 2016b). Analysis of episodic change in salinity exposure is part of a comprehensive assessment to identify the factors and their weights in determining the vulnerability and resiliency of salt marshes. Salinity exposure was defined as the depth-averaged salinity times the duration of exposure. Change in salinity exposure has been estimated based on the hydrodynamic modeling of Barnegat Bay - Little Egg Harbor (BBLEH) estuary during Hurricane Sandy period from 10/27/2012 to 11/04/2012 (Defne and Ganju, 2016a). Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2017 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.484623118 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.051158122 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.053798801 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.435117592 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:59655223e4b0d1f9f05b3685 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: wetland ecosystems Theme_Keyword: wetland functions Theme_Keyword: coastal ecosystems Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: environmental assessment Theme_Keyword: ecological processes Theme_Keyword: salinity Theme_Keyword: vegetation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: salinity Theme_Keyword: salinity exposure Theme_Keyword: salt marsh Theme_Keyword: vegetation Theme_Keyword: marsh health Theme_Keyword: estuary Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: contamination Theme_Keyword: resilience Theme_Keyword: vulnerability Theme_Keyword: polygon shapefile Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters Theme_Keyword: environment Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Great Bay Place_Keyword: Barnegat Bay Place_Keyword: Little Egg Island Place_Keyword: New Jersey Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: The change in salinity exposure values in this dataset are defined for scientific research purposes and should not be used as a sole source of reference for any regulations and policy making. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the source of this information. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Zafer Defne Contact_Position: Ocean Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2254 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: zdefne@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59655223e4b0d1f9f05b3685?name=mu_SEC_EBFNWRp.png Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Graphic that shows the change in salinity exposure during Hurricane Sandy in the EBFNWR salt marsh complex overlaying Esri Shaded World Relief Map. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PNG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1 (Build 4959) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Zafer Defne Originator: Neil K. Ganju Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Conceptual salt marsh units for wetland synthesis: Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set (Polygon) Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7QV3JPG Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QV3JPG Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Zafer Defne Originator: Neil K. Ganju Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Storm-induced geomorphological changes in a shallow, back-barrier estuary Other_Citation_Details: American Geophysical Union Ocean Sciences Meeting, New Orleans, LA, USA Online_Linkage: https://agu.confex.com/agu/os16/preliminaryview.cgi/Paper92777.html Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Zafer Defne Originator: Neil K. Ganju Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Quantifying the residence time and flushing characteristics of a shallow, back-barrier estuary: application of hydrodynamic and particle tracking models Series_Information: Series_Name: Estuaries and Coasts Issue_Identification: Volume 38 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: New York, NY Publisher: Springer US Other_Citation_Details: pages 1719-1734 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9885-3 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Water-land boundary and marsh unit boundaries inherit accuracy from the accuracy of source data - conceptual marsh units. Change in the salinity exposure dataset is calculated by resampling the hydrodynamic model output at a higher horizontal resolution of 0.0003 degrees (~30 meters) prior to averaging over each marsh unit. Logical_Consistency_Report: Simulated salinity ranges between fresh water and ocean water salinity in the computational domain. The simulated duration eight days. The maximum change in salinity exposure does not violate the maximum possible range. Completeness_Report: The polygon outlines for this dataset are defined by the conceptual marsh unit boundaries in the source dataset. That is the boundaries of the EBFNWR areas that include unvegetated and vegetated areas. A detailed on-the-ground analysis of a single site may result in a different interpretation of the wetland and marsh unit boundaries than established through this analysis. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal accuracy for the polygon boundaries is inherited from the source layer, conceptual marsh units, and considered to be greater than ~3 meters. The point cloud used for calculating salinity change had variable horizontal resolution (~40 to ~300 meters) that was interpolated over a ~30-meter raster. The raster dataset was resampled at 3 meter resolution to enhance the conformity with the marsh unit boundaries prior to calculating zonal statistics. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Zafer Defne Originator: Neil K. Ganju Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Conceptual salt marsh units for wetland synthesis: Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set (Polygon) Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7QV3JPG Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QV3JPG Type_of_Source_Media: Online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2016 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: marshUnitsEBFp.shp Source_Contribution: Downloaded and used the features in [marshUnitsEBFp.shp] to summarize change in exposure to salinity at each marsh unit during a storm Process_Step: Process_Description: This process step used ArcMap (ver. 10.3.1) using tools from ArcToolbox. Names of specific tools used are given in CAPITAL letters (any critical parameters used is given in parentheses, separated by a semicolon, immediately after the tool name). Input and output file names are provided in [square brackets] when necessary. Units for length and area calculations are meters (m) and square meters (m2) unless otherwise stated. Defne and Ganju (2016a) modeled estuarine circulation in BBLEH during Hurricane Sandy period that spans from 10/27/2012 to 11/04/2012 with a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The computational domain included a part of Great Bay to the south and Manasquan Inlet to the north in addition to Barnegat Bay and Little Egg Harbor. Net changes in salinity exposure were calculated by subtracting the salinity exposure during non-storm conditions from those during Hurricane Sandy. The salinity of sub-aerial regions during non-storm conditions is assumed to be zero. Import hydrodynamic model output and project it to Web Mercator coordinate system, which is preferred projection for web services. Create a raster layer from it.. Create a raster layer from it. a) MAKE XY EVENT LAYER('XY table'= 'SEC.txt'; X field='lon'; Y field='lat'; Z field='val'; Layer name='SEC_WGS84.shp'; Spatial reference='GCS_WGS_1984') b) PROJECT(Input dataset='SEC_WGS84.shp'; Output dataset='SEC.shp'; Output coordinate system='WGS_1984_Web_Mercator_Auxiliary_Sphere') c) IDW.SpatialAnalyst(Input feature='SEC.shp'; Output Cell Size=100 meters; Power=2; Search Radius=Variable; Number of Points=12; Output raster='SEC.tif') with the Raster processing extent same as the extent of the marsh unit polygons [marshUnitsEBFp.shp]. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: marshUnitsEBFp.shp Process_Date: 2017 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: SEC.shp Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: SEC.tif Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Zafer Defne Contact_Position: Ocean Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2254 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: zdefne@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Some part of the EBFNWR salt marsh system to south of the Great Bay and upstream of Mullica River is not covered by the hydrodynamic model. The salinity exposure values for the marsh units in these areas are determined from the nearest marsh units with values using an inverse distance method. First, the marsh units are grouped into two depending on whether they are inside or outside of the computational domain. a) Select features from [marshUnitsEBFp.shp] marsh polygons that are within the BBLEH computational domain and export as [mu_with_data.shp]. b) Invert selection and export polygons outside the computational domain as [mu_no_data.shp]. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: marshUnitsEBFp.shp Process_Date: 2017 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: mu_with_data.shp Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: mu_no_data.shp Process_Step: Process_Description: Calculate the salinity exposure values for marsh units using the ZONALTABLE2FEAT tool. This tool calculates the statistics (e.g. the mean value) for each marsh unit polygon from the underlying raster layer. ZONALTABLE2FEAT(Raster layer='SEC.tif'; Zone features='mu_with_data.shp'; Zone field='FID_CMU'; Statistics type='MEAN'; Table name='mu1'; Output='mu_with_SEC.shp') to calculate the mean salinity exposure for each marsh unit within the BBLEH domain. During this process the table name 'mu1' is prefixed to field names for [mu_with_SEC.shp] (as opposed to 'mu0' for the interior polygons in the following steps). Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: SEC.tif Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: mu_with_data.shp Process_Date: 2017 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: mu_with_SEC.shp Process_Step: Process_Description: Create a raster layer from the interior polygons and use it to estimate values for exterior marsh units. a) FEATURE TO POINT(Input features='mu_with_SEC.shp'; 'Output features='mu_with_SEC_pts.shp'). b) IDW.SpatialAnalyst(Input features='mu_with_SEC_pts.shp'; Output Cell Size=100 meters; Power=2; Search Radius=Variable; Number of Points=12; Output raster='mu_no_SEC.tif') with Raster analysis extent set to the same extent with [marshUnitsEBFp.shp]. c) ZONALTABLE2FEAT(Raster layer='mu_no_SEC.tif'; Zone features='mu_no_data.shp'; Zone field='FID_CMU'; Statistics type='MEAN'; Table name='mu0'; Output='mu_no_SEC.shp') to calculate the mean salinity exposure for the exterior marsh units. During this process the table name 'mu0' is prefixed to field names for [mu_no_SEC.shp]. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: mu_with_SEC.shp Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: mu_no_data.shp Process_Date: 2017 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: mu_no_SEC.shp Process_Step: Process_Description: a) MERGE the interior [mu_with_SEC.shp] and exterior [mu_no_SEC.shp] polygon features and calculate a new 'MEAN' field by adding the values of the mean values from two feature sets 'MEAN' = 'mu0_MEAN' + 'm1_MEAN'. b) During geoprocessing a few polygons smaller than the raster analysis resolution might get assigned "NoData" values. Replace the missing value with the value from the closest polygon. c) Edit the fields and field names for clarity and EXPORT to obtain the final feature dataset [mu_SEC_EBFNWRp.shp]. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: mu_with_SEC.shp Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: mu_no_SEC.shp Process_Date: 2017 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: mu_SEC_EBFNWRp.shp Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20200807 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 1338 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: WGS 1984 Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere (ESRI Full Name: WGS_1984_Web_Mercator_Auxiliary_Sphere) Mercator: Standard_Parallel: 0.0 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: 0.0 False_Easting: 0.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.6096 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.6096 Planar_Distance_Units: Meter Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: mu_SEC_EBFNWRp Entity_Type_Definition: Attribute information associated with the change in salinity exposure of the conceptual marsh units of EBFNWR salt marsh complex. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID_CMU Attribute_Definition: Sequential unique whole numbers that represents the identification number for each conceptual marsh units. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1337 Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEAN Attribute_Definition: Change in depth-averaged salinity exposure in each marsh unit Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.253841012716293 Range_Domain_Maximum: 114.945999145508 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: psu days Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: In this dataset, change in depth-averaged salinity exposure of salt marsh vegetation during hurricane Sandy is averaged over each conceptual marsh unit in EBFNWR. Change in salinity exposure is estimated based on the hydrodynamic modeling of Barnegat Bay - Little Egg Harbor (BBLEH) estuary from 10/27/2012 to 11/04/2012. Net change in salinity exposure is calculated by subtracting the depth-averaged salinity exposure in the water column during non-storm conditions from those during Hurricane Sandy. The salinity of sub-aerial regions during non-storm conditions is assumed to be zero. Decimal values in the attribute table are a result of double precision calculations while significant digits are considered in defining the attribute measurement resolutions. Therefore, the smallest unit increment for change in salinity exposure can be assumed to be a practical value such as 0.01 psu days. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: mu_SEC_EBFNWRp.zip contains mu_SEC_EBFNWRp.shp (together with shapefile components, browse graphic, and associated FGDC CSDGM metadata in XML, TEXT, and HTML formats with the same file name). Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Not for navigational use. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: shapefile Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 10.3.1 Format_Information_Content: This zipped file contains a shapefile and associated metadata. Transfer_Size: 27 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59655223e4b0d1f9f05b3685 Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59655223e4b0d1f9f05b3685?name=mu_SEC_EBFNWRp.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59655223e4b0d1f9f05b3685 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K64GZT Access_Instructions: The first link in network resources is to download all the files on the landing page. The second link downloads the zip file of the data and metadata. The third and fourth links point to a landing page with metadata and data, and the ScienceBase landing page of the larger work, respectively. Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: WMS Transfer_Size: 27 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/arcgis/services/Catalog/59655223e4b0d1f9f05b3685/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/arcgis/rest/services/Catalog/59655223e4b0d1f9f05b3685/MapServer Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59655223e4b0d1f9f05b3685 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K64GZT Access_Instructions: The first link is the WMS web services for remote access. The second link is to the rest services. The third link points to the dataset landing page with metadata and data, and the fourth link points to the ScienceBase landing page of the larger work. Fees: None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the data set. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20200807 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Zafer Defne Contact_Position: Ocean Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2254 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: zdefne@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998