Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Emily J. Sturdivant Originator: Erika E. Lentz Originator: E. Robert Thieler Originator: David P. Remsen Originator: Simon Miner Publication_Date: 2017 Title: CSV file of names, times, and locations of images collected by an unmanned aerial system (UAS) flying over Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts on 18 March 2016 Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital text files Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7KW5F04 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Other_Citation_Details: The first link is to the publication landing page. The second link is to the page containing the data. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59b00e03e4b020cdf7d4db3a Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Emily J. Sturdivant Originator: E. Robert Thieler Originator: Erika E. Lentz Originator: David P. Remsen Originator: Simon Miner Publication_Date: 2017 Title: Topographic, imagery, and raw data associated with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts on 18 March 2016 Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7KW5F04 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Sturdivant, E.J., Thieler, E.R., Lentz, E.E., Remsen, D.P., and Miner, Simon, 2017, Topographic, imagery, and raw data associated with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts on 18 March 2016: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59a05400e4b038630d030442 Description: Abstract: Imagery acquired with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and coupled with structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry can produce high-resolution topographic and visual reflectance datasets that rival or exceed lidar and orthoimagery. These new techniques are particularly useful for data collection of coastal systems, which requires high temporal and spatial resolution datasets. The U.S. Geological Survey worked in collaboration with members of the Marine Biological Laboratory and Woods Hole Analytics at Black Beach, in Falmouth, Massachusetts to explore scientific research demands on UAS technology for topographic and habitat mapping applications. This project explored the application of consumer-grade UAS platforms as a cost-effective alternative to lidar and aerial/satellite imagery to support coastal studies requiring high-resolution elevation or remote sensing data. A small UAS was used to capture low-altitude photographs and GPS devices were used to survey reference points. These data were processed in an SfM workflow to create an elevation point cloud, an orthomosaic image, and a digital elevation model. Purpose: These image locations are provided for use with the referenced images in creating an elevation model for Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts. Supplemental_Information: For more information regarding field activity 2016-010-FA, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-010-FA. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20160318 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.64515436 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.63977431 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.58691575 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.58263575 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:59b00e03e4b020cdf7d4db3a Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: aerial images Theme_Keyword: unmanned aerial system Theme_Keyword: UAS Theme_Keyword: drone Theme_Keyword: ground control point Theme_Keyword: targets Theme_Keyword: field activity number 2016-010-FA Theme_Keyword: Airborne imagery Theme_Keyword: DJI Phantom 3 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: location Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: Cape Cod Place_Keyword: Barnstable Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Falmouth Place_Keyword: Black Beach Place_Keyword: Great Sippewissett Marsh Place_Keyword: Great Sippewissett Inlet Place_Keyword: Buzzards Bay Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Emily J. Sturdivant Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2230 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: esturdivant@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59b00e03e4b020cdf7d4db3a/?name=bb20160318_UAS_imagelocations_browse.png Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Map of image locations represented as white squares along the gray flight path with context maps of the area on the left side. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PNG Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: Camera position at the time of image capture were acquired through GPS and GLONASS positioning. Geographic coordinates are referenced to WGS 84 and altitudes are in feet above mean sea level. Consistency checks were performed by comparing the images with the camera positions projected over a map of the study area. All information was found to agree. Image filenames take the form of nnnnnnnFA__fnncnn_yyyymmddThhmmssZ_DJI_nnnn.JPG, where nnnnnnnFA is the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center’s field activity number; fnncnn is the flight number and camera number specific to the survey; yyyymmddThhmmssZ is the date and time (UTC) in format year, month, day, T, hours, minutes, seconds; and DJI_nnnn is the original filename. Completeness_Report: An entry and position is provided for every image present in the UAS images dataset. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal camera position at the time of image capture was acquired through GPS and GLONASS positioning. Horizontal locations are nominally accurate to approximately 3 feet, but may be off by as much as 10 feet. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Vertical camera position at the time of image capture was acquired through GPS and GLONASS positioning. Vertical locations are less accurate than horizontal positions, nominally accurate to about 5 feet. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: A DJI Phantom 3 Professional quadcopter with onboard camera, which uses a Sony EXMOR 1/2.3" sensor, was operated through a tablet computer for flight programming and control. The flight was conducted by Simon Miner of Woods Hole Analytics using Maps Made Easy (MME; https://www.mapsmadeeasy.com; Automotive Data Research) for route design and automated flight programming, including camera shutter control and vehicle return for battery replacement. Photographs were collected in JPEG format by the built-in camera on the DJI and capture information was stored in the accompanying Exchangeable Image File (EXIF). The approximate camera position at the time of each photograph was measured by a GPS receiver onboard the UAS and recorded in the image EXIF data. All activities were conducted according to Federal Aviation Administration regulations. Images were collected between approximately 1101 EDT at the most southwestern point and 1129 EDT at the most northeastern point. The survey was timed to correspond to the time of local low tide. Weather conditions included sunny skies, with winds of about 10.3 m/s. The DJI captured an image approximately every 20 meters in 15 east-west transects spaced 30 m apart at an altitude of 35 m (115 feet). This design ensured an image resolution of 2.5 cm and an overlap of 80 percent between photos. The images were downloaded from the camera on the day of flight. Process_Date: 20160318 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Emily J. Sturdivant Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2230 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: esturdivant@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: A Python version 2.7 script was run to extract GPS data from the image headers and format the output CSV table. The script used ExifTool (version 10.43) with the following command was used to create the CSV: exiftool -csv -filename -DateTimeOriginal -GPSLongitude -GPSLatitude -GPSAltitude -n imagedirectory > bb20160318_UAS_imagelocations.csv The path to the image directory was substituted for 'imagedirectory' in the command. The -csv flag writes the information out in a comma-delimited format. The -n option formats the latitude and longitude as signed decimal degrees. The DateTimeOriginal tag was used because the GPS time was not recorded in the EXIF data by the UAS. The table output by ExifTool was reformatted and the fields Easting and Northing were added. This involved converting the datetime from Eastern Daylight time to UTC (added 4 hours) and then splitting the values into dates and times. Then, fields SourceFile and DateTimeOriginal were removed. Fields GPSLongitude, GPSLatitude, and GPSAltitude were stripped of the 'GPS' prefix and ‘_ft’ was added to the Altitude column label. The longitude and latitude coordinate pairs referenced to WGS84 were converted to easting and northing in UTM Zone 19 North with a datum transformation to NAD83 using the function 'transform' in the Python module 'pyproj' and the values were stored in new columns 'Easting' and 'Northing'. The transformation was performed in Python with the following call, in which lon and lat stand in for the value of longitude and latitude in one row and east and north are the resulting easting and northing in NAD83 UTM Zone 19N: import pyproj east, north = pyproj.transform(p1=pyproj.Proj(init='epsg:4326'), p2=pyproj.Proj(init='epsg:26919'), x=lon, y=lat) Process_Date: 20170221 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Emily J. Sturdivant Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2230 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: esturdivant@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20200807 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84) Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: Mean sea level Altitude_Resolution: 0.01 Altitude_Distance_Units: feet Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: bb20160318_UAS_imagelocations.csv Entity_Type_Definition: These files contain the time and position at which photos were taken for use with Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: FileName Attribute_Definition: Name with extension of the image file in the form nnnnnnnFA__fnncnn_yyyymmddThhmmssZ_DJI_nnnn.JPG, where nnnnnnnFA is the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center’s field activity number; fnncnn is the flight number and camera number specific to the survey; yyyymmddThhmmssZ is the date and time (UTC) in format year, month, day, T, hours, minutes, seconds; and DJI_nnnn is the original filename. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: character set Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date Attribute_Definition: Date in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) on which the data were recorded in the field in YYYY-MM-DD format. Attribute_Definition_Source: DJI Phantom 3 camera Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 2016-03-18 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2016-03-18 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Time Attribute_Definition: Time in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) at which the data were recorded in the field in HH:MM:SS format. Attribute_Definition_Source: DJI Phantom 3 camera Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 15:01:02 Range_Domain_Maximum: 15:29:15 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude Attribute_Definition: Longitude of camera referenced to WGS 1984 in decimal degrees. West longitude is recorded as negative values. Attribute_Definition_Source: DJI Phantom 3 GPS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -70.64515436 Range_Domain_Maximum: -70.63977431 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: signed decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-8 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude Attribute_Definition: Latitude of camera referenced to WGS 1984 in decimal degrees. Attribute_Definition_Source: DJI Phantom 3 GPS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 41.58263575 Range_Domain_Maximum: 41.58691575 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: signed decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-8 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Altitude_ft Attribute_Definition: Altitude of camera in approximate feet above mean sea level. Attribute_Definition_Source: DJI Phantom 3 GPS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 115.234 Range_Domain_Maximum: 120.609 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: feet Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-3 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Easting Attribute_Definition: Easting of camera referenced to UTM Zone 19N NAD83 in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 362871.2669 Range_Domain_Maximum: 363313.3234 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-4 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Northing Attribute_Definition: Northing of camera referenced to UTM Zone 19N NAD83 in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4604743.377 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4605213.57 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-4 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The text file contains one header line and 250 additional lines with eight columns of comma-separated values. The header line contains column headings and are defined in the detailed description. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: The data include a CSV of coordinates at which images were collected during a UAS flight and one PNG image with a map indicating locations at which photos were taken. FGDC CSDGM metadata in XML format is also included. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, the USGS, the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole Analytics, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: CSV Format_Information_Content: The CSV of coordinates at which images were collected during a UAS flight. FGDC CSDGM metadata is also included. Transfer_Size: 0.033 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59b00e03e4b020cdf7d4db3a Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59b00e03e4b020cdf7d4db3a Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04 Access_Instructions: The first link is to the page containing the data. The second is a direct link to download a zipped file with the data. And the final link is to the publication landing page. Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: The file is plain text with comma-separated-values. It can be read with most editors and spreadsheet programs. The browse graphic is a digital image and can be displayed with most image viewing software. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211119 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Emily J. Sturdivant Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2230 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS or the email is otherwise invalid. Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998