Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Emily J. Sturdivant Originator: Erika E. Lentz Originator: E. Robert Thieler Originator: David P. Remsen Originator: Simon Miner Publication_Date: 2017 Title: Elevations surveyed at Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts on 18 March 2016 (text file) Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital text files Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7KW5F04 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Other_Citation_Details: The first link is to the publication landing page. The second link is to the page containing the data. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59b00e02e4b020cdf7d4db36 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Emily J. Sturdivant Originator: E. Robert Thieler Originator: Erika E. Lentz Originator: David P. Remsen Originator: Simon Miner Publication_Date: 2017 Title: Topographic, imagery, and raw data associated with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts on 18 March 2016 Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7KW5F04 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Sturdivant, E.J., Thieler, E.R., Lentz, E.E., Remsen, D.P., and Miner, Simon, 2017, Topographic, imagery, and raw data associated with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts on 18 March 2016: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59a05400e4b038630d030442 Description: Abstract: Imagery acquired with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and coupled with structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry can produce high-resolution topographic and visual reflectance datasets that rival or exceed lidar and orthoimagery. These new techniques are particularly useful for data collection of coastal systems, which requires high temporal and spatial resolution datasets. The U.S. Geological Survey worked in collaboration with members of the Marine Biological Laboratory and Woods Hole Analytics at Black Beach, in Falmouth, Massachusetts to explore scientific research demands on UAS technology for topographic and habitat mapping applications. This project explored the application of consumer-grade UAS platforms as a cost-effective alternative to lidar and aerial/satellite imagery to support coastal studies requiring high-resolution elevation or remote sensing data. A small UAS was used to capture low-altitude photographs and GPS devices were used to survey reference points. These data were processed in an SfM workflow to create an elevation point cloud, an orthomosaic image, and a digital elevation model. Purpose: These points provide surface elevations at approximately 5 meter spacing roughly along two north-south transects and six east-west transects. Transects were loosely-established as they were only intended to collect a representative sample of reference points from around the study area. They were used to measure the accuracy of photogrammetric products derived from an aerial image survey at Black Beach, Falmouth on 18 March, 2016. Supplemental_Information: For more information regarding field activity 2016-010-FA, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-010-FA. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20160318 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.64397 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.64174 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.58702 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.58321 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:59b00e02e4b020cdf7d4db36 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: ground control point Theme_Keyword: coasts Theme_Keyword: point data Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: cross shore transect Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: Cape Cod Place_Keyword: Barnstable Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Falmouth Place_Keyword: Black Beach Place_Keyword: Great Sippewissett Marsh Place_Keyword: Great Sippewissett Inlet Place_Keyword: Buzzards Bay Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Emily J. Sturdivant Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2230 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: esturdivant@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59b00e02e4b020cdf7d4db36/?name=bb20160318_transects_browse.png Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Map of point locations with transects labeled. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PNG Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: Coordinates recorded for each entry describe discrete positions in space. The Note column indicates the transect along which the point was collected or a description of the point surveyed (e.g. ‘BOARD’). All points used as reference points to assess the accuracy of SfM processing (see larger work) are listed in the text file. Completeness_Report: All coordinates surveyed along the eight transects are recorded in the text file. The Note column indicates the transect identifier. The following columns were removed because they contained values that were either unnecessary or misleading: Point_ID, Cartesian_X, Cartexian_Y, Cartesian_Z, Ant_hgt_KI, Ant_Hgt_True, Solution, noSV, PDOP, HDOP, VDOP, PC DATE STAMP, PC TIME STAMP, and GPS END TIME. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Horizontal RMS error is calculated for each point in the column “Dev_1” of the data file. The average HRMS error estimated by the receivers is approximately 0.011 m. The largest horizontal difference measured was 0.017 m. Positions were only recorded when the solution was fixed. Number of visible satellites was always greater than 13 and the geometry of triangulation points was consistently of high quality, indicated by dilution of precision (DOP) values close to 1. Position DOP ranged from 0.9 to 1.1 and horizontal DOP from 0.5 to 0.7. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Vertical RMS is recorded for each entry in the column “Dev_2” of the data file. The average VRMS estimated by the receivers is approximately 0.014 m. Number of visible satellites was always greater than 14 and the geometry of triangulation points was consistently of high quality, indicated by dilution of precision (DOP) values close to 1. Position DOP ranged from 0.9 to 1.1 and vertical DOP from 0.8 to 0.9. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Field crews used three differential GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) rover instruments survey 254 reference elevation points roughly along two north-south transects and six east-west transects at approximately 5-meter intervals between points. Transects were loosely-established as they were only intended to collect a representative sample of reference points from around the study area. The rovers received differential GPS corrections in real time from a base station on the Massachusetts Continuously Operating Reference Station Network (MaCORS) for RTK position corrections that yield (x,y,z) data accurate to within 1-3 cm (network: NTRIP RTCM3_MAX). The RTK base station was located in East Falmouth, approximately 9 km from Black Beach. Positions were referenced to WGS 84, UTM Zone 19 North (meters horizontal) and Geoid 12a, NAVD88 (meters vertical) by the MaCORS base station. Two rovers were Spectra Precision model SP80 GNSS receivers with antenna SPP91564_2 (radius: 0.0985 m; slant height measure point: 0.028 m; L1 offset: 0.0826 m; L2 offset: 0.0756 m; instrument height: 2.0826 m) and the other, model ProMark GNSS Receiver 800 was operated with antenna ASH802147 (radius: 0.098 m; slant height measure point: 0.04 m; L1 offset: 0.0852 m; L2 offset: 0.0922 m; instrument height: 2.0852 m). Rover antennas were mounted on 2-m survey rods with bubble levels and 5-cm (2-inch) sand feet. The receivers were connected to Carlson CHC LT30 Handheld Terminal running Carlson SurvCE software under Windows Mobile v. 6.1 Professional operating system. Rovers were operated by Sandy Brosnahan, Barry Irwin, Jonathan Borden, and E. Robert Thieler. The SP80 rover operated by Brosnahan was connected by receiver WiFi to a data collector running SurvCE Version 4.06. Brosnahan surveyed two south–north transects from the tidal flats to the marsh. Irwin operated the ProMark 800, connected by internal GSM to the data collector running SurvCE Version 4.90.44, to survey 6 west–east transects. In some cases operators reversed direction or surveyed locations off the trajectory of the transect. The measurements were exported from the data collector in a text file in the RW5 format and then converted to a comma-separated values file using the Carlson Report Generator for a SurvCE RW5 Report (https://www.carlsonemea.com/cwa/report). The three datasets were consolidated into one and then manually separated into GCP locations and transect points by referring to the operator-entered label stored in the Note column. The Note column indicates the transect label or a description of the point surveyed (e.g. ‘BOARD’). All points used as reference points to assess the accuracy of SfM processing (see bb_20160318_pointcloud.laz metadata in the larger work) are listed in the text file. The following columns were removed because they contained values that were unnecessary or misleading: Point_ID, Cartesian_X, Cartesian_Y, Cartesian_Z, Ant_Hgt_KI, Ant_Hgt_True, Solution, PC DATE STAMP, PC TIME STAMP, and GPS END TIME. The Note column was moved to the first column position. Process_Date: 20160318 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Emily J. Sturdivant Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x22630 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: esturdivant@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20200807 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -69.00000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000 False_Easting: 500000.0000 False_Northing: 0.0000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84) Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) Altitude_Resolution: 0.01 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: bb20160318_transects.csv Entity_Type_Definition: This file contains positions in the horizontal and vertical plane surveyed at Black Beach to provide independent reference points for accuracy assessment. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: Note Attribute_Definition: Point description, usually transect identifier. Attribute_Definition_Source: GPS operator Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: character set Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude Attribute_Definition: Latitude in degrees minutes seconds referenced to WGS 84. Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 41 34 59.539920 Range_Domain_Maximum: 41 35 13.272354 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees minutes seconds Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-6 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude Attribute_Definition: Longitude in degrees minutes seconds referenced to WGS 84. Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -70 38 38.28000 Range_Domain_Maximum: -70 38 30.25176 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees minutes seconds Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-5 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Elevation Attribute_Definition: Ellipsoid elevation in meters referenced to WGS84 mean sea level. Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -26.8268 Range_Domain_Maximum: -22.8484 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-4 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Local_N Attribute_Definition: Northing in meters referenced to UTM Zone 19 North referenced to WGS 84. Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4604805.15 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4605229.488 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-4 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Local_E Attribute_Definition: Easting in meters referenced to UTM Zone 19 North referenced to WGS 84. Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 362971.4225 Range_Domain_Maximum: 363155.517 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-4 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Local_Z Attribute_Definition: Elevation referenced to NAVD88. Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.2037 Range_Domain_Maximum: 3.775 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-3 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Dev_1 Attribute_Definition: Horizontal RMS error reported by the GNSS receiver. Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.006 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.013 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-4 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Dev_2 Attribute_Definition: Vertical RMS error reported by the GNSS receiver. Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.009 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.02 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-4 Attribute: Attribute_Label: noSV Attribute_Definition: number of visible satellites Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 13 Range_Domain_Maximum: 17 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PDOP Attribute_Definition: Positional dilution of precision (DOP) Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.9 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.7 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: HDOP Attribute_Definition: Horizontal dilution of precision (DOP) Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.6 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.9 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: VDOP Attribute_Definition: Vertical dilution of precision (DOP) Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.7 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.5 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0E-1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: GPS_TIME Attribute_Definition: Date and time in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) at which the data were recorded in the field in 18 Mar 2016 HH:MM:SS format. Attribute_Definition_Source: SP80 GNSS receiver Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 18 Mar 2016 14:18:32 Range_Domain_Maximum: 18 Mar 2016 15:36:07 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The text file contains one header line and 254 additional lines with 14 columns of comma-separated values. The first header line contains column headings. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: The data include a comma-separated values file and one PNG image of a map of the surveyed area in which markers indicate locations of the points. Additionally, the CSDGM FGDC metadata in XML format is included. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, the USGS, the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole Analytics, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: CSV Format_Information_Content: The CSV of coordinates collected along eight south-north and west-east transects. FGDC CSDGM metadata is also included. Transfer_Size: 0.021 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59b00e02e4b020cdf7d4db36 Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59b00e02e4b020cdf7d4db36 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04 Access_Instructions: The first link is to the page containing the data. The second is a direct link to download a zipped file with the data. And the final link is to the publication landing page. Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: The file is plain text with comma-separated-values. It can be read with most editors and spreadsheet programs. The browse graphic is a digital image and can be displayed with most image viewing software. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211119 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Emily J. Sturdivant Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2230 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS or the email is otherwise invalid. Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998