Continuous terrain model for water circulation studies, Barnegat Bay, New Jersey (10 meter resolution, 32-bit GeoTIFF, UTM 18, WGS 84)

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Frequently anticipated questions:


What does this data set describe?

Title:
Continuous terrain model for water circulation studies, Barnegat Bay, New Jersey (10 meter resolution, 32-bit GeoTIFF, UTM 18, WGS 84)
Abstract:
Water quality in the Barnegat Bay estuary along the New Jersey coast is the focus of a multidisciplinary research project begun in 2011 by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. This narrow estuary is the drainage for the Barnegat Bay watershed and flushed by just three inlets connecting it to the Atlantic Ocean, is experiencing degraded water quality, algal blooms, loss of seagrass, and increases in oxygen-depletion events. The scale of the estuary and the scope of the problems within it required a regional approach to understand and model water circulation within the bay and adjacent ocean. A continuous elevation surface (terrain model) integrating all available elevation data in the area was produced for the water circulation modeling efforts.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2015, Continuous terrain model for water circulation studies, Barnegat Bay, New Jersey (10 meter resolution, 32-bit GeoTIFF, UTM 18, WGS 84): data release DOI:10.5066/F7PK0D6B, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Andrews, Brian D., Defne, Zafer, Miselis, Jennifer L., and Ganju, Neil K., 2015, Continuous Terrain Model for Water Circulation Studies: Barnegat Bay, New Jersey: data release DOI:10.5066/F7PK0D6B, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.439010
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.001313
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.144479
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.441308
  3. What does it look like?
    https://sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5edf9d6782ce7e579c7087d4?name=BarnBayTerrainBrowse.jpg (JPEG)
    Color hillshade image of terrain model of Barnegat Bay, New Jersey. File is located in the compressed zip file.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 1934
    Ending_Date: 2013
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Raster data set. It contains the following raster data types:
      • Dimensions 7773 x 3680 x 1, type Pixel
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 18
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.000000
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
      False_Easting: 500000.000000
      False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar coordinates are encoded using row and column
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 10.000000
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 10.000000
      Planar coordinates are specified in meters
      The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.1
      Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
      Altitude_Encoding_Method:
      Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Elevation values represent elevation in meters referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88). The GeoTIFF is a 32-bit image where the pixel values correspond to elevation values. No Data value is set to -23.5811 meters.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Brian Andrews
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geographer
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2348 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    bandrews@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This grid provides a continuous elevation (bathymetry and elevation) surface for modeling the circulation of water within Barnegat Bay. The elevation values from this grid are extracted to the modeling domain (a non-rectilinear grid).

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    NED10m.tif (source 1 of 5)
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2011, National Elevation Dataset: U.S. Geological Survey, Sioux Falls, SD.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: accessed 20140130
    Type_of_Source_Media: online
    Source_Contribution:
    ds855bath (source 2 of 5)
    Wright, C. Wayne, Troche, Rudolph J., Klipp, Emily S., Kranenburg, Christine J., Fredericks, Xan, and Nagle, David B., 2014, EAARL-B Submerged Topography Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, pre-Hurricane Sandy, 2012: Data Series 885, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: online
    Source_Contribution:
    BarnBayOFR2m.csar (source 3 of 5)
    U.S. Geological Survey, Unpublished Material, BarnBayBathOFR2m.

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Although these data were published in ArcGIS raster format in USGS Data Series 937 as "bbbath2m" (ArcRaster grid), the data format used as input to this terrain model is in CARIS *.csar format and was not previously published as part of ds937. See the cross reference section for full citation details of these data. This is the BarnBayOFR2m.csar described in process step 4 of the metadata for bbath2m of ds937 http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0937/downloads/raster/bathymetry/bbbath2m.zip
    Type_of_Source_Media: disc
    Source_Contribution:
    Data were accessed in the original, unpublished, CARIS csar format.
    NOAAPtsMLW.txt (source 4 of 5)
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1962, Bathymetric soundings collected by the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    These data were collected by the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey between 1934 and 1962 using various methods including lead line, wooden pole and three-point visual bearings measured with a sextant.
    Type_of_Source_Media: online
    Source_Contribution:
    NOAA_offshore_xyz.txt (source 5 of 5)
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2006, Multibeam data collected for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    These data were collected by a contractor (SAIC) for NOAA between 2003 and 2006. The data were accessed in May of 2012 via the NOS Hydrographic Survey Data access page at the URL below.
    Type_of_Source_Media: online
    Source_Contribution:
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 09-May-2012 (process 1 of 13)
    STEP 1.CREATE FEATURE DATASET. Create a feature dataset "BBTerrainAll" within a file geodatabase that will store the input points and final terrain model using ArcCatalog (v.9.3.1). Feature dataset was created using the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 18, WGS 84 horizontal coordinate system and a vertical reference system using the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88), meters. Person who carried out this activity:
    Brian Andrews
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geographer
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2348 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    bandrews@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • BBTerrainAll (feature dataset)
    Date: 09-May-2012 (process 2 of 13)
    STEP 2:Create boundary of the computational domain used for water circulation modeling. Created the domain extent in MatLab (v. 2011b) and exported as a ArcGIS (v. 10.2.2) polygon shapefile (IntGridBffr.shp) using the geographic coordinate system (WGS 84). Projected the shapefile IntGridBffr.shp to an ArcGIS (v. 9.3.1) feature class (IntGridBndrBuff) using the UTM Zone 18 (WGS 84) coordinate system. The output feature class was loaded into the "BBTerrainAll" feature dataset. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Zafer Defne
    Ocean Scientist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-458-8700 ext. 2254 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    zdefne@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • IntGridBndryBuff (feature class)
    Date: 10-May-2012 (process 3 of 13)
    STEP 3: DOWNLOAD AND CONVERT HISTORICAL OFFSHORE MULTIBEAM DATA FROM THE NATIONAL OCEAN SERVICE. Five multibeam surveys were accessed using the highest resolution available, either xyz, or bathymetric attributed grid (BAG). Surveys H11495, H11455, H11456, H11241, were downloaded as point soundings from the survey Smooth Sheet or of similar density average distance between points is approximately 75-100 meters. Survey H11536 was available as 1 meter BAG files and then and resampled to 25-m grid cell resolution using the resample tool within ArcGIS (v. 10.2.2) and then exported as an x,y,z file. Finally, combined all five surveys in x,y,z format into one x,y,z file (NOAA_offshore_xyzMLLW.txt) using Microsoft Excel. Data are published using the geographic coordinate system NAD 83, and a tidal datum of Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) These data were converted to the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system (WGS 84) Zone 18, and NAVD 88 vertical datum using the Vertical Transformation tool (VDatum, v. 2.3.3) produced by the National Geodetic Survey. The converted file "NOAA_offshore_NAVD88.txt" was finally converted to a point feature class (NOAA_depthsNAVD88) using the "create feature class from x y table" context menu within ArcGIS (v. 9.3.1). Finally, the "NOAA_DepthNAVD88" feature class was loaded into the "BBTerrainAll" feature dataset. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Zafer Defne
    Ocean Scientist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-458-8700 ext. 2254 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    zdefne@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • NOAA_offshore_xyz.txt
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • NOAA_offshore_xyzMLLW.txt
    • NOAA_depthsNAVD88 (feature class)
    Date: 29-Jan-2014 (process 4 of 13)
    STEP 4: DOWNLOAD AND CONVERT NATIONAL ELEVATION DATA. Downloaded two, one third arc-second tiles from the National Elevation Dataset using the geographic coordinate system (NAD 83) and NAVD 88 vertical datum. The tiles were clipped to the model domain (IntGridBndryBuff) and the two tiles were merged into one ArcRaster grid (NED10mClip) with output resolution of 10 meters, and a projected coordinate system of Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) zone 18, WGS 84. The grid was then converted to a multipoint feature class (NED10_MP) using the Convert Raster to Multipoint tool in ArcGIS (v. 10.2.2) and loaded into the "BBTerrainAll" feature dataset. Person who carried out this activity:
    Brian Andrews
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geographer
    384 Woods Hole Rd
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2348 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    bandrews@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • NED10m.tif
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • NED10mClip
    • NED10m_MP (feature class)
    Date: 30-Jan-2014 (process 5 of 13)
    STEP 5: CONVERT 2m CSAR to 5m X,Y,Z. Convert BarnBayOFR2m.csar to BarnBayOFR5mxyz.csv using CARIS Base Editor (v. 4.1). Then created a point feature class (SWATHBath5m) from the x,y,z file using the "create feature class from x,y" context menu within ArcGIS (v. 9.3.1) and the output was loaded into the "BBTerrainAll" feature dataset. Person who carried out this activity:
    Brian Andrews
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geographer
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2348 (voice)
    bandrews@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • BarnBayOFR2m.csar
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • SWATHBath5m (feature class)
    Date: Oct-2014 (process 6 of 13)
    STEP 6: CREATE 3D polygon for Manasquan Inlet. Historical soundings were sparse in the inlet. Create new 3D Polygon feature class "ManasqnInlet3d" with a constant depth of 1.75 meters (NAVD 88) to represent the last known dredged depth of the inlet (6 feet MLLW). Person who carried out this activity:
    Brian Andrews
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geographer
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2348 (voice)
    bandrews@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Jan-2015 (process 7 of 13)
    STEP 7: DOWNLOAD AND MOSAIC EAARL-B SUBMERGED TOPOGRAPHY. Downloaded all 13 GeoTIFFs and mosaicked into one GeoTIFF (ds855bath.tif) using ArcMap (v.10.2.2) using the mosaic tool. Masked out the areas of overlap with bbbath2m (EAARLBathClip.tif). Then exported the GeoTIFF as a multipoint feature class file (EAARLBath5mMultiPt)and loaded it into the "BBTerrainAll" feature dataset. Person who carried out this activity:
    Brian Andrews
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geographer
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2348 (voice)
    bandrews@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • ds855bath (geoTIFF)
    • EAARLBathClip (geoTIFF)
    • EAARLBath5mMultiPt (final feature class)
    Date: 06-Jan-2015 (process 8 of 13)
    STEP 8: DOWNLOAD HISTORICAL INSHORE BATHYMETRY DATA FROM THE NATIONAL OCEAN SERVICE. Downloaded historical survey data from NOAA/NOS collected between 1934 and 1962 as the only existing recorded depths within Barnegat Bay. These soundings were used in portions of the bay and Little Egg Inlet where newer data did not cover. Data were in horizontal coordinate system of NAD 83 with a vertical datum of Mean Low Water (MLW). Each survey was converted to a point shapefile using the context menu in ArcCatalog (v. 9.3.1) for editing to remove overlapping points. Each shapefile was edited to remove soundings in locations where they overlapped with newer data covered by either the EAARL-B Lidar, or SWATHplus interferometric data. Once the shapefiles were edited, they were combined into one shapefile (NOAAPtsMLW.shp) and then converted to a x,y.z text file (NOAAPtsMLW.txt). This combined file was projected to horizontal coordinate system of UTM 18, Zone 18, WGS 84, and vertical datum of NAVD88 using the Vertical Datum Transformation tool (VDatum, v. 2.3.3) produced by the National Geodetic Survey. The difference between MLW and NAVD88 is 0.071 meters. Portions of H05615, H08672, and H08220 were not within the VDatum model boundary. Those points falling outside the boundary were referenced to NAVD88 using this 0.071 meter offset. Finally, the "NOAAInshorePtsNAVD88" feature class was loaded into the "BBTerrainAll" feature dataset Person who carried out this activity:
    Brian Andrews
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geographer
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2348 (voice)
    bandrews@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • NOAAPtsMLW.txt
    • NOAAInshorePtsNAVD88
    Date: Feb-2015 (process 9 of 13)
    STEP 9: CREATE AND BUILD TERRAIN. Using the "New-Terrain" context menu within ArcCatalog (v. 9.3.1) created a new terrain model "BBTerrainAll10m" using all input points and polygons loaded into the "BBTerrainAll" feature dataset. Added the feature classes to the terrain and built to produce "BBTerrainAll". All point files were used as multipoint features, ManasqnInlet3d was used as a "hard replace", and IntGridBndryBuff was used as a "soft clip" Person who carried out this activity:
    Brian Andrews
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geographer
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2348 (voice)
    bandrews@usgs.gov
    Date: 03-May-2015 (process 10 of 13)
    STEP 10: EXPORT TERRAIN Convert the terrain model to a raster using "TerrainToRaster" tool in ArcGIS ArcToolbox (v. 9.3.1). The Natural Neighbor interpolation option was used to grid the terrain model at 10-m resolution 32 bit floating point raster.Input= BBTerrainAll5m, output= BBTG10m.tif Person who carried out this activity:
    Brian Andrews
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geographer
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2348 (voice)
    bandrews@usgs.gov
    Date: 20-Jul-2018 (process 11 of 13)
    USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Jun-2020 (process 12 of 13)
    Separated the two datasets associated with this data release and placed each (with related files) on its own ScienceBase child page rather than both datasets and associated files on a single landing page. This required updating various links in the metadata. While updating the metadata, other small edits were made such as modifying http://dx.doi.org to https://doi.org. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 07-Aug-2020 (process 13 of 13)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Andrews, Brian D., Miselis, Jennifer L., Danforth, William W., Irwin, Barry J., Worley, Charles R., Bergeron, Emile M., and Blackwood, Dann S., 2015, Marine Geophysical Data Collected in a Shallow Back-Barrier Estuary, Barnegat Bay, New Jersey: Data Series 937, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:


How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    The horizontal accuracy of this terrain model is dependent on the documented accuracy (if available) of the input data, however, the horizontal accuracy of the original input points is superseded by the process of aggregating (decreasing) the resolution of the original input data in many cases.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    The vertical accuracy of this terrain model is dependent on the documented accuracy (if available) of the input data, however, the horizontal accuracy of the original input points is superseded by the process of aggregating (decreasing) the resolution of the original input data in many cases. The sounding data from historical NOAA surveys (H05615, H05893, H05870, H02616) collected between 1934 and 1936 used survey methods (horizontal angles from shore station, and sounding pole/leadline) that preclude any attempt at vertical accuracy assessment for these data.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This raster data is created from several different source datasets with different resolutions and collection times. This dataset is clipped to a custom boundary and may not include the entire spatial extent of the input datasets as they are published in original form.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Gaps exist between data points

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints: These data are not for navigational use.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
    Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
    Denver, CO

    1-888-275-8747 (voice)
    sciencebase@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? bbtg10m.zip: File name stand derived from bb= Barnegat Bay, t=TIN, g=Grid, 10m= 10 meter.ZIP file contains the 32-bit GeoTIFF (bbtg10m.tif), BarnBayTerrainBrowse.jpg browse graphic, and the associated FGDC CSDGM metadata in XML, HTML, FAQ, and text formats.
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    To utilize this data, the user must have software capable of reading a 32-bit GeoTIFF.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 07-Aug-2020
Metadata author:
Brian Andrews
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole, MA
USA

508-548-8700 x2348 (voice)
508-457-2310 (FAX)
bandrews@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)

This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/SB_data_release/DR_F7PK0D6B/bbtg10m.faq.html>
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