Online Links:
Online Links:
The processing and editing steps carried out on board the ship were:
1. Demultiplex (unravel) the Simrad data files using RT to generate separate files for a given raw file (filename.raw_all) containing navigation (filename.nav), depth soundings (filename.merged), sidescan sonar backscatter values (filename.merged_ssdata), acquisition parameters (filename.param) sound velocity at the transducer (filename.sv_tdcr) and sound velocity profiler information (filename.svp).
Command line: RT -packdown -background -WRITE -em1000 -CnC -prefix RawFiles/ -suffix _raw.all -out ProcessedFiles/InputFilenamePrefix InputFilenamePrefix
2. Edit the navigation data on-screen using the SwathEd routine jview to remove undesirable points, including turns at the ends of survey lines. Jview also rejects stray GPS fixes outside of the survey area, as set by the operator.
Command line: jview -rejectnav -navedit filename.nav
3. Make a copy of the edited navigation, and then create a new navigation file that has the bad fixes deleted from it.
Command line: mv filename.nav filename.nav_all
Command line: appendNav -goodonly -comp filename.nav filename.nav_all
4. Merge the edited navigation back into the file containing the depth soundings using just the prefix of the filename. The location of the antenna relative to the motion reference unit is also entered here, along with a maximum time gap (in seconds) allowed between navigation fixes.
Command line: mergeNav -ahead 5.379 -right 3.851 -below 4.244 -time_limit 300 filename
5. Edit the multibeam soundings for each trackline. SwathEd displays blocks of data across and along the trackline. Anomalous points were identified by comparison to other points and by an understanding of the sea floor geology and morphology. Anomalous soundings were removed.
Command line: swathed filename.merged Person who carried out this activity:
First a blank binary grid and the weights and weight_depth files must be created:
Command line: make_blank -float gridFile
This command commences a dialog to enable an 8 bit image and input the map boundaries and resolution. The program also prompts for the projection type and parameters to be used creating the binary map file (custom Mercator projection, central longitude of -75 degrees, latitude of true scale 40 degrees north). The next command creates the weights and weight_depth files associated with the binary grid:
Command line: tor4 gridFile
These two steps create all three files with a gridFile prefix.
Next, each individual data file (.merged suffix) is added to the grid using weigh_grid. The grid of the Moriches data was with a grid node spacing of 3 meters, a cutoff radius of 6 meters, and an inner radius to the weighting function of 1.5 meters:
Command line: weigh_grid -omg -tide -coeffs -mindep -2 -maxdep -800 -beam_mask -beam_weight -custom_weight EM1000_Weights -butter -power 2 -cutoff 6 -lambda 1.5 gridFile filename.merged Person who carried out this activity:
1. Correct errors in soundings due to sound refraction, caused by variations in sound velocity profile, using the SwathEd refraction tool. These artifacts can be recognized in a cross-swath profile of a relatively flat patch of sea floor. When viewing the swath data across a profile, the sea floor will appear to have a "frown" or "smile" when in fact the data should be flat across the profile. Insufficient and/or erroneous sound velocity information, which is usually due to widely spaced or non-existent velocity profiles within an area, results in an under or over-estimate of water depth which increases with distance from the center of the swath. For a discussion of how this effect can be recognized in a swath bathymetric data file, see < http://www.omg.unb.ca/AAAS/UNB_Seafloor_Mapping.html>.
2. Remove erroneous soundings that were not edited in the field using the SwathEd program.
3. The measured elevations were adjusted for tidal fluctuations by subtracting tidal elevations and mean sea level predicted by the ADCIRC tidal model (Westerink and others 1994; Luettich and Westerink, 1995). A MATLAB script was used to interpolate the ADCIRC constituents along the ship track and then calculate the tidal elevation and mean sea level at the time of the survey. The vertical datum of the ADCIRC correction is NAVD88.
Using the adjusted tidal elevations, create a binary tide file to be using in merging the tidal heights with the bathymetric soundings.
Command line: binTide -year YYYY asciiTideFile BinaryTideFile
The program mergeTide brings the swath soundings to NAVD88 and corrected for predicted tide datum:
Command line (tides): mergeTide -tide BinaryTideFile filename.merged
4. Create a new 3 meter grid of the bathymetric soundings using the SwathEd routine weighgrid.
Command line: weigh_grid -fresh_start -omg -tide -coeffs -mindep -2 -maxdep -800 -beam_mask -beam_weight -custom_weight EM1000_Weights -butter -power 2 -cutoff 6 -lambda 1.5 gridFile filename.merged
5. Convert binary bathymetric grid to Esri ASCII raster format:
Command line: r4toASCII gridFile.r4
This creates a file called gridFile.asc.
References cited:
Westerink, J.J., R.A. Luettich, Jr. and J. Muccino, 1994, Modeling Tides in the Western North Atlantic Using Unstructured Graded Grids: Tellus, v. 46a(2), p. 178-199.
Luettich, R.A., Jr. and Westerink, J.J. , 1995, Continental Shelf Scale Convergence Studies with a Barotropic Tidal Model, Quantitative Skill Assessment for Coastal Ocean Models, in Lynch, D. and Davies, A. [eds.], Coastal and Estuarine Studies series, v. 48, p. 349-371, American Geophysical Union Press, Washington, D.C. Person who carried out this activity:
Online Links:
| Access_Constraints | None |
|---|---|
| Use_Constraints | These data are not to be used for navigation purposes. |
| Data format: | Esri bathymetric grid and associated metadata from a multibeam survey southwest of Moriches Inlet, New York compressed in a WinZip (version 14) file in format AIG (version ArcGIS 9.3) Esri binary grid Size: 2.4 |
|---|---|
| Network links: |
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/56ccd3efe4b0b1892d9e075e?name=morich_bath3m.zip https://doi.org/10.5066/F7Z899GG |