Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Erdinc Sogut
Originator: Alfredo Aretxabaleta
Originator: Andrew Ashton
Originator: Deniz Velioglu Sogut
Originator: Kara S. Doran
Originator: Margaret L. Palmsten
Publication_Date: 20241118
Title: Coupled ADCIRC+SWAN simulations of Lake Superior with surface ice cover in February 2020
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster
Series_Information:
Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P13CJ6DD
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, U.S. Geological Survey
Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Sogut, E., Aretxabaleta, A., Ashton, A.D., Velioglu Sogut, D., Doran, K.S., and Palmsten, M.L., 2024, Coupled ADCIRC+SWAN simulations of Lake Superior with surface ice cover in February 2020: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P13CJ6DD.
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P13CJ6DD
Description:
Abstract: The analyses of the Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory's (GLERL) historical ice cover data during 1973–2021 indicate that warmer winters with reduced surface ice cover have become more frequent in the last two decades (1995–2021) compared to the previous decades (1973–1995) in the Great Lakes. In the past two decades, for example, years with lower-than-normal ice cover have become more frequent in Lake Superior, which has a history of freezing almost completely. These observations suggest a possible regime shift to a lower-ice state for this lake. It is hypothesized that the transition to a lower-ice state in the next decades may have significant implications for coastal hazards such as wave-induced coastal erosion and flooding, depending on surface ice-wave interactions and their possible effects on Lake Superior's hydrodynamics. The literature; however, lacks any effort that analyzes Lake Superior’s surface ice-wave interactions, resulting in limited knowledge on the dynamics of these interactions within this and similar lakes. In this regard, a set of numerical simulation were carried out using the coupled circulation and spectral wave model, ADCIRC (v55.01) +SWAN (41.31AB), to investigate the contribution of surface ice to lake-wide hydrodynamics, wave power, and wave runup in Lake Superior. Simulations specifically focused on the year 2020, known for its comparatively reduced surface ice cover in recent years, and the ice-wave interactions were quantified for February, the month with the largest surface ice cover. The coupled model was forced with Great Lakes Coastal Forecasting System (GLCFS) hourly wind field data, National Centers for Environmental Prediction Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2) atmospheric pressure, GLER surface ice concentration, and U.S. National Ice Center (USNIC) thickness. The lake bathymetry used in the simulations was obtained from NOAA GLERL.
Purpose: This set of simulations were carried out to investigate the contribution of surface ice to lake-wide hydrodynamics, wave power, and wave runup in Lake Superior.
Supplemental_Information: It was not possible to directly evaluate the model’s accuracy in predicting the lake wide hydrodynamics for February since the wave buoys were out of the lake from November to late April due to surface ice formation. To address this issue, additional simulations were carried out for a three-month-long period when buoy data are available, i.e.,from August to November, 2020. The coupled ADCIRC+SWAN model was then validated against several sets of measurements obtained from the NOAA water level stations and NDBC wave buoys within Lake Superior. Then, the validated model was used to simulate the lake wide hydrodynamics for February, 2020.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Multiple_Dates/Times:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 202002
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 202008
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 202009
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 202010
Currentness_Reference: See Supplemental Info
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -92.2000
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -84.0000
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 49.5000
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.0000
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Surface ice
Theme_Keyword: Lake ice
Theme_Keyword: Wave-surface ice interaction
Theme_Keyword: Wave attenuation
Theme_Keyword: Wave runup
Theme_Keyword: Wave power
Theme_Keyword: Water level
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: hydrodynamics
Theme_Keyword: water circulation
Theme_Keyword: mathematical modeling
Theme_Keyword: sea ice concentration
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:663b8088d34e77890839be47
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Lake Superior
Place_Keyword: Laurentian Great Lakes
Place_Keyword: United States of America (USA)
Access_Constraints: None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details.
Use_Constraints: None. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Erdinc Sogut
Contact_Organization: Contractor to the United States Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Researcher VI
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: esogut@contractor.usgs.gov
Data_Set_Credit: The numerical simulations were carried out in the high-performance computing cluster of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Poseidon. The authors would like to express their sincere appreciation to the Institution for its support to this research by providing access to Poseidon.
Native_Data_Set_Environment: ADCIRC v55.01 and SWAN 41.31AB versions were used to carry out the coupled ADCIRC+SWAN simulations.
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
The root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and Index of Agreement (IA; Willmott, 1981) metrics were used to quantify the model skills in replicating meteorological forcing, lake-wide water levels and wave dynamics (Hs: significant wave height, Tp: peak wave period, and Dir: average wave direction) during a three-month-long ice-free period, i.e. August to November 2020.
i) Atmoshperic pressure had a moderate accuracy (IA ≈ 0.45) contrary to the wind speed and direction, which had very good skill scores (IA > 0.95). Even though the IA values for atmospheric pressure were low, it could still be used as a model forcing because the deviations in the RMSE (≤ 11.43 hPa) and MAE (≤ 9.06 hPa) values were relatively small.
ii) Even though the simulated water levels had moderate accuracy (IA ≈ 0.5), they deviated from the measured quantities a few cms—RMSE values ranged between 3.5 cm and 9.3 cm and MAE values ranged between 2.8 cm and 7.7 cm.
iii) The coupled ADCIRC+SWAN model performed well, IA > 0.95, in generating wave dynamics.
Logical_Consistency_Report: The results are specific to model configurations adopted, as well as the wind, atmospheric pressure, surface ice concentration, and thickness forcings utilized in the simulations. Modifying the model parameter in the input files or using other sources for model forcings might lead to variations in the model's predicted lake-wide water levels and wave dynamics.
Completeness_Report: Any missing data is marked as NaN.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Forcings:
1) Great Lakes Coastal Forecasting System (GLCFS) hourly wind field data, which has a grid resolution of 0.09 deg latitude × 0.13 deg longitude (~10 km × ~14.5 km) and covers the entire lake area
2) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) dynamics Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2) pressure data which is available on a Gaussian grid with a mesh resolution of 0.5 deg ×0.5 deg (~55 km × ~55 km)
3) Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory historical surface ice concentration with a mesh resolution of 0.010 deg latitude × 0.016 deg longitude (~1.1 km × ~1.8 km).
4) U.S. National Ice Center (USNIC) daily analysis of surface ice thickness on Gaussian grid with a mesh resolution of 0.025 deg × 0.025 deg (~2.8 km × ~2.8 km)
Mesh:
The mesh containing 185,770 vertices and 348,800 triangular elements has a maximum mesh resolution of 1.25 km offshore, which is then refined to 100 m nearshore to provide better resolution for the wave-transformation zones.
Tests:
1) mesh resolution of 2.5 km offshore, which is then refined to 250 m nearshore: the model skills in replicating meteorological forcing, lake-wide water levels and wave dynamics was < 0.5
2) mesh resolution of 1.25 km offshore, which is then refined to 100 m nearshore: the model skills in replicating meteorological forcing, lake-wide water levels and wave dynamics was > 0.5
3) mesh resolution of 1.25 km offshore, which is then refined to 50 m nearshore: the model skills in replicating meteorological forcing, lake-wide water levels and wave dynamics was > 0.5
Refining mesh size to 50 m nearshore does not significant improved the model skill but the simulation duration was increased. Therefore, mesh size (2) was selected.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The model outputs are based on the International Great Lakes Datum (IGLD, 1985) low-water datum which is 183.2 m.
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The following steps were performed by Erdinc Sogut:
1) The following data were collected from the followings:
i) The lake's bathymetry was acquired from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) web page (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/great-lakes-bathymetry).
ii) Great Lakes Coastal Forecasting System (GLCFS) hourly wind field data was gathered from NOAA Thredds server (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/thredds/catalog/model-lsofs-files/catalog.html).
iii) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2) hourly atmospheric pressure data was obtained from NOAA Thredds server (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/thredds/catalog/model-cfs_v2_anl_ts/catalog.html).
iv) Daily surface ice cover data was obtained from GLERL web page (https://www.glerl.noaa.gov/data/ice/#historical).
v) Daily surface ice thickness data was obtained from U.S. National Ice Center (USNIC) web page (https://usicecenter.gov/Products/GreatLakesData).
2) The model input files fort.13 (Nodal Attributes File), fort.14 (Grid and Boundary Information File) and fort.15 (Model Parameter and Periodic Boundary Condition File) were generated by using the open source MATLAB toolbox OceanMesh2D (Roberts, K. J., & Pringle, W. J., 2018; https://github.com/CHLNDDEV/OceanMesh2D).
3) Atmospheric pressure (fort.221), wind (fort.222) and ice field (fort.225) files were generated in Oceanweather Inc. (OWI) format from the data collected at step-1 using MATLAB.
4) fort.26 (SWAN runtime parameters) was adjusted for the study area.
5) The performance of the coupled ADCIRC+SWAN model in predicting lake-wide water levels and wave dynamics (Hs: significant wave height, Tp: peak wave period, and Dir: average wave direction) were assessed for a three-month-long ice-free period, i.e. August to November 2020 due to lack of field observations in February 2020. The model predicted water levels and wave dynamics were compared with the data of five NOAA water level stations and three National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) wave buoys to quantify the model accuracy.
6) fort.22 (Meteorological Forcing Data) wind speed factor adjusted to minimize model error for the three-month-long ice-free period.
7) Following the successful completion of the validation process, a set of numerical simulations, one ice-free (IF) and six ice-on (M14, D15, R18, M18, H20, and R21) models, were carried out. In February, ADCIRC model was only forced with SIC due to the model constraints. On the other hand, SWAN model was forced with surface ice concentration (for M14, R18 and H20) and thickness (D15, M18, and R21). The fort.221, fort.222, and fort.225 files created in step 3 were used as meteorological forcing for both the ice-free and ice-on models without any modifications. No adjustment was performed for wind speed in fort.22.
8) Water levels, wave dynamics, and wave spectrum were extracted from the model outputs using MATLAB.
Process_Date: 20230601
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Erdinc Sogut
Contact_Organization: USGS - SOUTHEAST REGION
Contact_Position: Researcher VI
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: esogut@contractor.usgs.gov
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Hydrodynamic model output. Refer to self-contained netCDF files for more location information.
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geographic:
Latitude_Resolution: 0.09
Longitude_Resolution: 0.13
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 1980
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101
Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Depth_System_Definition:
Depth_Datum_Name: The International Great Lakes Datum (IGLD, 1985) low-water datum
Depth_Resolution: 0.00000001
Depth_Distance_Units: meters
Depth_Encoding_Method: Explicit depth coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Outputs01.nc
Entity_Type_Definition:
This dataset consists of the following:i) Measured minimum, mean and maximum surface ice cover (SIC) at each grid point. ii) Measured minimum, mean and maximum surface ice thickness (SIT) at each grid point.
"_v03" indicates the version of the dataset
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: lon
Attribute_Definition: longitude
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -93
Range_Domain_Maximum: -83
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.025
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: lat
Attribute_Definition: latitude
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 45
Range_Domain_Maximum: 50
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.025
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SIC_min
Attribute_Definition: Minimum surface ice cover at each grid point
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: NaN
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Data is not available at this grid point.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 100
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SIC_mean
Attribute_Definition: Mean surface ice cover at each grid point
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: NaN
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Data is not available at this grid point.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 100
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SIC_max
Attribute_Definition: Maximum surface ice cover at each grid point
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: NaN
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Data is not available at this grid point.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 100
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SIT_min
Attribute_Definition: Minimum surface ice thickness at each grid point
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: NaN
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Data is not available at this grid point.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.5
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SIT_mean
Attribute_Definition: Mean surface ice thickness at each grid point
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: NaN
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Data is not available at this grid point.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.5
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SIT_max
Attribute_Definition: Maximum surface ice thickness at each grid point
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: NaN
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Data is not available at this grid point.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.5
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Outputs02.nc
Entity_Type_Definition:
This dataset consists of the following ADCIRC+SWAN model simulation results from August 1st - October 31st, 2022: i) Water levels at five National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level station locations. ii) Wind velocities, wind directions, atmospheric pressures, significant wave heights, peak wave periods, and mean wave directions at three National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) wave buoy locations.
"_v03" indicates the version of the dataset
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: NDBC_Buoys
Attribute_Definition: Names of the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Names of the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) wave buoys in Lake Superior.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: NDBC_Buoys_lon
Attribute_Definition: Longitudes of the NDBC wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Longitudes of the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: NDBC_Buoys_lat
Attribute_Definition: Latitudes of the NDBC wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Latitudes of the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: NOAA_WL_Stations
Attribute_Definition: Names of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level (WL) stations in Lake Superior.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Names of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level (WL) stations in Lake Superior.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: NOAA_WL_Stations_lon
Attribute_Definition: Longitudes of the NOAA WL stations in Lake Superior.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Longitudes of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level (WL) stations in Lake Superior.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: NOAA_WL_Stations_lat
Attribute_Definition: Latitudes of the NOAA WL stations in Lake Superior.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Latitudes of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level (WL) stations in Lake Superior.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: DateTime
Attribute_Definition: Simulation date and time
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 08/01/2020 01:00
Range_Domain_Maximum: 10/31/2020 21:00
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: hr
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: u10
Attribute_Definition: Simulated wind velocities along East (90°) - West (270°) direction at three NDBC wave buoy locations
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -13.9941
Range_Domain_Maximum: 21.9672
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m/s
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: v10
Attribute_Definition: Simulated wind velocities along North (0°) - South (180°) direction at three NDBC wave buoy locations
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -16.2790
Range_Domain_Maximum: 20.1115
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m/s
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WindDirection
Attribute_Definition: Simulated wind directions with respect to true North (0°) at three NDBC wave buoy locations
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0621
Range_Domain_Maximum: 359.9825
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: deg
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: ATMP
Attribute_Definition: Simulated atmospheric pressures at three NDBC wave buoy locations
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 999.4065
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1039.2393
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: hPa
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Hs
Attribute_Definition: Simulated significant wave heights at three NDBC wave buoy locations
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0474
Range_Domain_Maximum: 3.4056
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Tp
Attribute_Definition: Simulated peak wave periods at three NDBC wave buoy locations
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.1088
Range_Domain_Maximum: 8.1378
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: s
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WaveDirection
Attribute_Definition: Simulated wave directions at three NDBC wave buoy locations
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.1300
Range_Domain_Maximum: 359.9990
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: deg
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WL
Attribute_Definition: Simulated water levels at five NOAA water level stations.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.4466
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.9187
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Outputs03.nc
Entity_Type_Definition:
This dataset consists of the measured surface ice cover (SIC) and thickness (SIT) at five virtual wave buoy and five National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level station locations with daily intervals for February 2020.
"_v03" indicates the version of the dataset
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: DateTime
Attribute_Definition: Data date and time
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 01/31/2020 00:00
Range_Domain_Maximum: 03/01/2020 00:00
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: days
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Virtual_Wave_Buoys
Attribute_Definition: Names of the virtual wave buoys.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Names of the virtual wave buoys.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Virtual_Wave_Buoys_lon
Attribute_Definition: Longitudes of the virtual wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Longitudes of the virtual wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Virtual_Wave_Buoys_lat
Attribute_Definition: Latitudes of the virtual wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Latitudes of the virtual wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Water level stations
Attribute_Definition: Names of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level (WL) stations in Lake Superior.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Names of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level (WL) stations in Lake Superior.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Water_Level_Station_lon
Attribute_Definition: Longitudes of the NOAA WL stations in Lake Superior.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Longitudes of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level (WL) stations in Lake Superior.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Water_Level_Station_lat
Attribute_Definition: Latitudes of the NOAA WL stations in Lake Superior.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Latitudes of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level (WL) stations in Lake Superior.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Daily_Ice_Cover
Attribute_Definition: Surface area of Lake Superior that is covered with surface ice
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 2.9225
Range_Domain_Maximum: 28.2278
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Daily_SIC_at_WL_Stations
Attribute_Definition: Daily surface ice covers at NOAA WL Stations positions
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 100
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Daily_SIT_at_WL_Stations
Attribute_Definition: Daily surface ice thickness at NOAA WL Stations positions
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.4500
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Daily_SIC_at_Virtual_Buoys
Attribute_Definition: Daily surface ice covers at virtual wave buoys positions
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 95
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Daily_SIT_at_Virtual_Buoys
Attribute_Definition: Daily surface ice thickness at virtual wave buoys positions
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.276
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Outputs04.nc
Entity_Type_Definition:
This dataset consists of the following ADCIRC+SWAN model simulation results for February 2020: i) Simulated water levels at five National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level station locations for seven different models (one ice-free and six ice-on) ii) Simulated significant wave heights (Hs), peak wave periods (Tp), wave directions (Dir), one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) wave spectra are provided at five virtual buot locations for seven different models (one ice-free and six ice-on).
"_v03" indicates the version of the dataset
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: DateTime
Attribute_Definition: Simulation date and time
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 02/01/2020 01:00
Range_Domain_Maximum: 02/29/2020 23:00
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: hour
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Virtual_Wave_Buoys
Attribute_Definition: Names of the virtual wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Names of the virtual wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Virtual_Wave_Buoys_lon
Attribute_Definition: Longitudes of the virtual wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Longitudes of the virtual wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Virtual_Wave_Buoys_lat
Attribute_Definition: Latitudes of the virtual wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Latitudes of the virtual wave buoys in Lake Superior
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: NOAA_WL_Stations
Attribute_Definition: Names of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level (WL) stations in Lake Superior
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Names of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level stations in Lake Superior
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: NOAA_WL_Stations_lon
Attribute_Definition: Longitudes of the NOAA WL stations in Lake Superior
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Longitudes of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level stations in Lake Superior
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: NOAA_WL_Stations_lat
Attribute_Definition: Latitudes of the NOAA WL stations in Lake Superior
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Latitudes of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) water level stations in Lake Superior
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Models
Attribute_Definition: Names of the models
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
IF: Ice-free model
M14: Ice-on model with Meylan et al. (2014) coefficients
D15: Ice-on model with Doble et al. (2015) coefficients
R18: Ice-on model with Rogers et al. (2018) coefficients
M18: Ice-on model with Meylan et al. (2018) coefficients
H20: Ice-on model with Hosekova et al. (2020)coefficients
R21: Ice-on model with Rogers et al. (2021) coefficients
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WL
Attribute_Definition: Water levels at NOAA water level stations positions
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.2065
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.8388
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Hs
Attribute_Definition: Significant wave heights (Hs) at virtual wave buoys positions
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 3.7515e-04
Range_Domain_Maximum: 3.3150
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Tp
Attribute_Definition: Peak wave periods (Tp) at virtual wave buoys positions
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.8600
Range_Domain_Maximum: 10.2545
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: s
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Dir
Attribute_Definition: Mean wave directions (Dir) at virtual wave buoys positions
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0068
Range_Domain_Maximum: 359.9394
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: deg
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: 1DSpec_Freqs
Attribute_Definition: One-dimensional (1D) wave spectrum frequencies on Feb 17th, 2020
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0314
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.4204
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Hz
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: 1DSpec
Attribute_Definition: One-dimensional (1D) wave spectrum on Feb 17th, 2020
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 7.0950e-12
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.1300
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m^2/Hz
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: 2DSpec_Freqs
Attribute_Definition: Two-dimensional (2D) wave spectrum frequencies on Feb 17th, 2020
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0314
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.4204
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Hz
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: 2DSpec_Dir
Attribute_Definition: Two-dimensional (2D) wave spectrum directions on Feb 17th, 2020
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 5
Range_Domain_Maximum: 355
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: 2DSpec
Attribute_Definition: Two-dimensional (1D) wave spectrum on Feb 17th, 2020
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0324
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m^2/Hz per degrees
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Outputs05.nc
Entity_Type_Definition:
This dataset consists of the following: i) Measured surface ice cover (SIC), thickness (SIT) and water depth (d) along three shore-normal profiles for February 2020 ii) Simulated significant wave heights (Hs) and peak wave periods (Tp) along three shore-normal profiles for seven different models (one ice-free and six ice-on) for February 2020.
"_v03" indicates the version of the dataset
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Models
Attribute_Definition: Names of the models
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
IF: Ice-free model
M14: Ice-on model with Meylan and others, 2014 coefficients
D15: Ice-on model with Doble and others, 2015 coefficients
R18: Ice-on model with Rogers and others, 2018 coefficients
M18: Ice-on model with Meylan and others, 2018 coefficients
H20: Ice-on model with Hosekova and others, 2020 coefficients
R21: Ice-on model with Rogers and others, 2021 coefficients
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Profiles
Attribute_Definition: Names of the profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Names of the profiles
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: lat
Attribute_Definition: Latitudes of the profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Latitudes of the profiles
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: lon
Attribute_Definition: Longitudes of the profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Longitudes of the profiles
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: dist
Attribute_Definition: Distance from shoreline at each profile
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 39.6495
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: km
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: d
Attribute_Definition: Water depth along each profile
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.7476
Range_Domain_Maximum: 183.9210
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Hs
Attribute_Definition: Significant wave heights (Hs) along profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0012
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.7917
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Tp
Attribute_Definition: Peak wave period (Tp) along profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.9949
Range_Domain_Maximum: 7.6326
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: s
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SIC
Attribute_Definition: Surface ice cover (SIC) along profiles on February 17th, 2020.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 90
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SIT
Attribute_Definition: Surface ice thickness (SIT) along profiles on February 17th, 2020.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.1440
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Outputs06.nc
Entity_Type_Definition:
This dataset consists of the following ADCIRC+SWAN model simulation results: i) Unstructured grid coordinates ii) Mean wave power at each grid point for seven different models (one ice-free and six ice-on) iii) Absolute percent difference in wave powers of ice-on models and ice-free model at each grid point.
"_v03" indicates the version of the dataset
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Models
Attribute_Definition: Names of the models
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
IF: Ice-free model
M14: Ice-on model with Meylan and others, 2014 coefficients
D15: Ice-on model with Doble and others, 2015 coefficients
R18: Ice-on model with Rogers and others, 2018 coefficients
M18: Ice-on model with Meylan and others, 2018 coefficients
H20: Ice-on model with Hosekova and others, 2020 coefficients
R21: Ice-on model with Rogers and others, 2021 coefficients
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: lat
Attribute_Definition: Unstructured grid latitudes
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 46.4114
Range_Domain_Maximum: 49.0156
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: lon
Attribute_Definition: Unstructured grid longitudes
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -92.0937
Range_Domain_Maximum: -84.3564
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Pmean
Attribute_Definition: Monthly mean wave power of ice-free model at each grid point
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 9.8795e-23
Range_Domain_Maximum: 6.0553e+03
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kw/m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: IceOnModels
Attribute_Definition: Names of the ice-on models
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
M14: Ice-on model with Meylan et al. (2014) coefficients
D15: Ice-on model with Doble et al. (2015) coefficients
R18: Ice-on model with Rogers et al. (2018) coefficients
M18: Ice-on model with Meylan et al. (2018) coefficients
H20: Ice-on model with Hosekova et al. (2020)coefficients
R21: Ice-on model with Rogers et al. (2021) coefficients
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: DeltaPmean
Attribute_Definition: Absolute percent difference in wave powers of ice-on models and ice-free model at each grid point
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 9.8280e-05
Range_Domain_Maximum: 100
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Outputs07.nc
Entity_Type_Definition:
This dataset consists of the following: i) Simulated significant wave heights (Hs) and peak wave periods (Tp) at the offshore location of the three shore-normal profiles for seven different models (one ice-free and six ice-on) for February 2020 ii) Reverse-shoaled deep water significant wave heights (Hs0) for three shore-normal profiles for seven different models (one ice-free and six ice-on) for February 2020 iii) Water levels at the shoreline of three profiles for seven different models (one ice-free and six ice-on) for February 2020 iv) Wave runup three profiles for seven different models (one ice-free and six ice-on) for February 2020..
"_v03" indicates the version of the dataset
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: DateTime
Attribute_Definition: Data date and time
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 01/02/2020 01:00
Range_Domain_Maximum: 29/02/2020 23:00
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: hr
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Models
Attribute_Definition: Names of the models
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
IF: Ice-free model
M14: Ice-on model with Meylan and others, 2014 coefficients
D15: Ice-on model with Doble and others, 2015 coefficients
R18: Ice-on model with Rogers and others, 2018 coefficients
M18: Ice-on model with Meylan and others, 2018 coefficients
H20: Ice-on model with Hosekova and others, 2020 coefficients
R21: Ice-on model with Rogers and others, 2021 coefficients
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Profiles
Attribute_Definition: Names of the profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Names of the profiles
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: lat_onshore
Attribute_Definition: Latitudes of onshore (shoreline) points on profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 46.4992
Range_Domain_Maximum: 46.8793
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: lat_offshore
Attribute_Definition: Latitudes of offshore points on profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 46.7975
Range_Domain_Maximum: 47.1986
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: lon_onshore
Attribute_Definition: Longitudes of onshore (shoreline) points on profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -90.6712
Range_Domain_Maximum: -87.3444
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: lon_offshore
Attribute_Definition: Longitudes of offshore points on profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -90.6053
Range_Domain_Maximum: -87.2851
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: d_offshore
Attribute_Definition: Water depth at offshore location of profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 43.7152
Range_Domain_Maximum: 183.9210
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Hs
Attribute_Definition: Significant wave height (Hs) at offshore location of profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 7.4169e-05
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.0988
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Hs0
Attribute_Definition: Significant wave height reversed shoaled to deep water (Hs0) from offshore location of profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 5.5072e-05
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.3560
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Tp
Attribute_Definition: Peak wave period (Tp) at offshore location of profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.7481
Range_Domain_Maximum: 10.8773
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: s
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WL
Attribute_Definition: Water level at the shoreline of profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.3643
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.6030
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: R2
Attribute_Definition: Wave runup on profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.5825e-04
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.8494
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: IceOnModels
Attribute_Definition: Names of the ice-on models
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
M14: Ice-on model with Meylan and others, 2014 coefficients
D15: Ice-on model with Doble and others, 2015 coefficients
R18: Ice-on model with Rogers and others, 2018 coefficients
M18: Ice-on model with Meylan and others, 2018 coefficients
H20: Ice-on model with Hosekova and others, 2020 coefficients
R21: Ice-on model with Rogers and others, 2021 coefficients
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Prob_of_R2_ratio
Attribute_Definition: Probability of ice-on models wave runup being larger than those of ice-free model at the same time instant
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 2.1552
Range_Domain_Maximum: 24.8563
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Bins
Attribute_Definition: Bin widths
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.8
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Prob_dist
Attribute_Definition: Probability distribution of ice-on model’s wave runup that are larger than ice-free model wave runup on profiles
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 95.8333
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Please refer to the citations section for the coefficients employed in:
1) M14: Ice-on model with Meylan and others, 2014 coefficients
2) D15: Ice-on model with Doble and others, 2015 coefficients
3) R18: Ice-on model with Rogers and others, 2018 coefficients
4) M18: Ice-on model with Meylan and others, 2018 coefficients
5) H20: Ice-on model with Hosekova and others, 2020 coefficients
6) R21: Ice-on model with Rogers and others, 2021 coefficients
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
1) Meylan, M. H., Bennetts, L. G., & Kohout, A. L. (2014). In situ measurements and analysis of ocean waves in the antarctic marginal ice zone. Geophysical Research Letters, 41 (14), 5046
5051.
2) Doble, M. J., De Carolis, G., Meylan, M. H., Bidlot, J.-R., & Wadhams, P. (2015). Relating wave attenuation to pancake ice thickness, using field measurements and model results. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (11), 4473–4481.
3) Meylan, M. H., Bennetts, L. G., Mosig, J., Rogers, W., Doble, M., & Peter, M. A. (2018). Dispersion relations, power laws, and energy loss for waves in the marginal ice zone. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 123 (5), 3322–3335.
4) Rogers, W. E., Meylan, M. H., & Kohout, A. L. (2018). Frequency distribution of dissipation of energy of ocean waves by sea ice using data from Wave Array 3 of the ONR “Sea State” field experiment. Nav. Res. Lab. Memo. Rep, 18-9801.
5) Hošeková, L., Malila, M. P., Rogers, W. E., Roach, L. A., Eidam, E., Rainville, L., et al. (2020). Attenuation of ocean surface waves in pancake and frazil sea ice along the coast of the Chukchi Sea. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 125, e2020JC016746. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016746
6) Rogers, W. E., Yu, J., & Wang, D. W. (2021). Incorporating dependence on ice thickness in empirical parameterizations of wave dissipation by sea ice (Tech. Rep.). Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center, MS, USA.
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: GS ScienceBase
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
City: Denver
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov
Resource_Description: The datasets contains the input files in a ZIP file (Model_Inputs_v01.zip), and sevean output NetCDF files (Outputs 01_v03.nc, Output02_v03.nc, Output03_v03.nc, Output04_v03.nc, Output05_v03.nc, Output06_v03.nc, Output07_v03.nc) and the CSDGM metadata in XML format.
Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: NetCDF
Format_Information_Content: The download includes the seven model NetCDF output files (ranging in size from 500 KB to 22 MB), the model input files in a zip file (2 GB), and the CSCGM metadata file in XML format.
Transfer_Size: 2040
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P13CJ6DD
Fees: None
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20241118
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Erdinc Sogut
Contact_Organization: Contractor to the United States Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Researcher VI
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998