Amit Millo Sandra M. Brosnahan Seth D. Ackerman Jin-Si R. Over Jennifer M. Cramer 20260602 1.0 digital image, point cloud, raster, and tabular digital data data release DOI:10.5066/P13TQ8E7 Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program https://doi.org/10.5066/P13TQ8E7 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/69839c3db66b01367d7ecd79 Amit Millo Sandra M. Brosnahan Seth D. Ackerman Jin-Si R. Over Jennifer M. Cramer 2026 1.0 digital data data release DOI:10.5066/P13TQ8E7 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Millo, A., Brosnahan, S.M., Ackerman, S.D., Over, J.R., and Cramer, J.M., 2026, Topographic data, aerial imagery, and GPS data collected during uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) operations at Lower Darby Creek, Darby Township, Pennsylvania, March to August 2025: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P13TQ8E7 https://doi.org/10.5066/P13TQ8E7 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/69612fbcd4be02298529c536 The U.S. Geological Survey deployed small uncrewed aircraft systems (sUAS) to collect aerial remote sensing data across sites within the Lower Darby Creek Superfund Site ~5 miles outside of Philadelphia, PA in March and August of 2025. March datasets include aerial images from natural color (RGB) and raw lidar of the Clearview Landfill superfund site. August datasets include aerial images from natural color (RGB), multispectral sensors, and raw lidar over the Clearview Landfill. These datasets were processed to produce high resolution digital elevation models (DEM), image mosaics, and a lidar point cloud (LPC). Black and white cross-coded ground control points (GCPs) were surveyed using Real Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS and RTK-GPS enabled AeroPoints to georeference the model and orthomosaics during post-processing. The elevation and imagery products were produced to help partners at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) acquire accurate elevation data for target sites during the winter "leaf-off" period (March) and monitor changes in vegetation cover during peak growing season (August) building a baseline conditions dataset starting in August 2023. Future data collections are planned to support long-term monitoring of landscape change resulting from remediation efforts and potential storm impacts. Lidar data were collected to penetrate vegetation canopy and provide accurate digital surface models (DSMs) during the peak-foliage season. Aerial imagery was collected with appropriate resolution and overlap to permit high-quality photogrammetry and generation of digital surface models (DSM) and orthoimagery. These data were collected by the USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program under USGS field activity number 2025-011-FA. The field activity webpage (https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/services/activity.php?fan=2025-011-FA) contains additional information regarding the field activity. 20250805 20250807 Ground condition Complete Not planned -75.258437 -75.249632 39.907135 39.898376 None U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program CMHRP Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center WHCMSC MicaSense Altum-PT DJI Matrice 600 Wingtra Lidar Wingtra MAP61 UAS WingtraOne GEN II Lidar Point Cloud UAS Aerial Images Multispectral JPEG TIFF Digital Surface Model (DSM) Orthomosaic Emlid RS2+ Emlid RS3 RTK GPS AeroPoints Vegetation Survey Aerial Imaging and Mapping Group USGS Thesaurus remote sensing lidar visible light imaging digital elevation models structure from motion image mosaics geospatial datasets multispectral imaging image collections GPS measurement navigational data ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation elevation environment imageryBaseMapsEarthCover USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:69839c3db66b01367d7ecd79 Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (1779798) Philadelphia County (1209187) Township of Darby (1216381) Darby Creek(1172928) None North America United States Pennsylvania (PA) Lower Darby Creek Clearview Landfill No access constraints. Please see 'Distribution Information' for details. These data are marked with a Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal License. These data are in the public domain and do not have any use constraints. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. These data are not intended to be used for navigation. Amit Millo U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Geologist mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Rd.

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2223 amillo@usgs.gov https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/69839c3db66b01367d7ecd79?name=2025AugustDarbyChildPage.jpg&allowOpen=true Sample of data collected during August 2025 field session. JPEG Agisoft Metashape Pro v. 2.3.0, Trimble PosPac UAV v. 9.0, WingtraHub v. 2.20.2, Wingtra LIDAR app v. 1.10.1.0, Global Mapper Pro v. 26.1 Jin-Si R. Over Andrew C. Ritchie Christine J. Kranenburg Jenna A. Brown Daniel D. Buscombe Tom Noble Christopher R. Sherwood Jonathan A. Warrick Phillipe A. Wernette 2021 Open-File Report 2021-1039 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey This publication includes the general methodology for processing imagery in Metashape to produce digital surface models and ortho products. https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211039 GPS: The theoretical internal accuracy of the Emlid RS3 is 2 cm. Points were assumed to be within that tolerance after staking out a known reference mark and the values were within 2 cm. The vertical and horizontal root mean square errors (RMS) for each point were also reported in 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_Emlid_RTK.csv. The AeroPoint2 GCPs have an internal reported variance provided in 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_GCP.csv, the global accuracy was calculated and reported below by adding the variance to twice the longest baseline distance. Some AeroPoint2s were also surveyed by the RS3. The CID CI-110 GPS data provided in 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_VegSurvey.csv has an internal accuracy of 5 m and does not provide elevation data. GeoTIFFs: The horizontal and vertical accuracy of the products (2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_WLDR_DSM_10cm.tif, 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_aPT_Ortho_5cm.tif, and 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_MAP61_Ortho_5cm.tif) were assessed using the AeroPoint2 ground control points (GCPs) and checkshots. It should also be noted that accuracy estimates of the products are for areas of bare ground or low vegetation where GCPs were placed or checkshots taken. Additional sources of error, such as moving objects, may cause accuracy estimates to exceed estimates in localized portions of the products. Lidar: The point cloud (2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_WLDR_LPC.laz) positional accuracy is based on the GPS/IMU and post positional corrections from the base station but the vertical point spread on a flat surface is about 8 cm. The LPC was colorized from the MAP61 Structure-from-Motion (SfM) orthomosaic. Some misalignment in the collected lidar strips may occur. Lidar does not pass through water. Users are advised to evaluate the data for their own needs. There were eight UAS flights and 15 AeroPoint2 GCPs. Flight one and two (57 min) used the MAP61 camera module on the WingtraOne GEN II to collect RGB images that were used to generate the orthomosaic. Flight three was not used to collect data. Flight four through seven (60 min) were flown with the M600 and the aPT multispectral camera. Flight eight (45 min) was flown again with the WingtraOne GEN II, but with the lidar sensor (WLDR) and produced the lidar point cloud (LPC) and digital surface model (DSM). No digital terrain model was produced because the vegetation was too thick to reach the ground through much of the canopy. An Emlid RS2+ was set up as a base station and an Emlid RS3 GPS unit was used to collect checkshots. Imagery: The MAP61 camera triggered based on GNSS location, but roughly every 2 seconds. Images were only taken over the area of interest for a total of 1467 MAP61 images. The aPT was flown at 6 meters/second and triggered every 1.5 seconds to capture enough overlap between the photos (75% overlap). This resulted in 14616 usable images (including calibration photos). Products: GeoTIFF products are cloud-optimized and deflate compressed. The LPC has been cleaned in Global Mapper to obvious noise (like birds). Images: The Wingtra MAP61 images were geotagged in WingtraHub v. 2.18.0 using base station data and had an average xy accuracy of 0.03 m. GPS: Emlid RS3 GPS points have an xy RMS (precision) average of 1.7 cm. AeroPoint2 horizontal global accuracy is 4.8 mm. Lidar: The lidar point cloud, and by association the DSM, horizontal accuracy was assessed against positions of the AeroPoint2s in the lidar intensity view (not the RGB). The horizontal accuracy is variable and within 10 cm. SfM: The orthomosaics were created using SfM and georeferenced as a result of using geotagged aerial images (done so in WingtraHub or onboard the Altum-PT). The horizontal average camera location errors as reported from the Wingta Metashape project was long/lat 0.016/0.015 m, and for the Altum-PT Metashape project was long/lat 0.016/0.008 m. Images: The MAP61 images were geotagged in WingtraHub v. 2.18.0 using the base station data and had an average x/y accuracy of 0.02m and z accuracy of 0.03 m. GPS: Emlid RS3 GPS points have a z RMS (precision) average of 1.2 cm. AeroPoint2 global vertical accuracy is 5.6 mm. Lidar: The DSM was assessed against the elevations of the AeroPoint2s and RS3 checkshots that were taken on flat surfaces (i.e., roads and walkways with no nearby vegetation): the RMSE (n=382) was 0.04 m. GROUND CONTROL: Over the two days of data collection, 15 AeroPoint2 GCPs were spaced out over the field site and left on for at least 30 minutes to collect GNSS data. After collection the AeroPoint2s data were uploaded via a Wi-Fi connection and run through a post-processing kinematic algorithm of the Propeller network to get corrected positions. The data were exported in NAD83(2011) (EPSG:6318) to produce latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid heights, and then NAD83(2011)/UTM zone 18N (EPSG:6347) and NAVD88 (EPSP:5703) with GEOID 18 to produce easting and northing and orthometric heights. These were exported to a CSV file and named 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_GCP.csv. An Emlid RS2+ was set up as a base station using an RTK FIX on the highest section of boardwalk to record GNSS data for post processing the lidar data. An Emlid RS3 with tilt compensation was connected to the base to take RTK instant checkshots around the landfill. These data were provided in 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_Emlid_RTK.csv. UAS FLIGHTS: The lidar sensor (WLDR) was a 905 nm wavelength Hesai XT32-M2X with a 90 / 40.3 degree horizontal and vertical field of view (FOV). It is a rotating sensor, generating up to three returns with an effective point rate for a single return of 160k pts/s. The camera module uses the Wingtra MAP61 61-megapixel (MP) camera with a 17 mm lens. The system uses a NovAtel OEM7500 multi-frequency, high precision GNSS receiver. The lidar data was saved to the 256 GB thumb drive in 13 different *.data files. The RGB images are saved as *.JPG files. The lidar data were collected with the Wingtra UAS flying 61 meters above ground level with northeast-southwest transect passes. The camera module was set to take images based on GNSS coordinates calculated by Wingtra based on the flight area. After the flights the lidar and RGB data were taken off their respective sensor. Multispectral aerial images were collected using a MicaSense Altum-PT (aPT) mounted to a DJI M600. The aPT contains seven sensors: five multispectral bands, blue (443-507 nanometers (nm)), green (533-587 nm), red (652-684 nm), red edge (705-729 nm), and near-infrared (NIR) (785-899 nm), one panchromatic band (171.5 nm - 1098 nm), and one long-wave infrared (LWIR) thermal band (4.5 - 16.5 microns). The LWIR band images were not used in any processing workflows and were excluded from this data release. The flight plan settings included a flight altitude of 61 m, a velocity of 5 m/s, a transect spacing of 20 meters and a camera trigger interval of 3 seconds. Immediately prior to and following each flight, a MicaSense reflectance calibration panel is photographed on the ground in order to perform a reflectance calibration of the imagery in post-processing to account for illumination conditions over the course of the survey. The images are saved to a CF Express type B SD card in TIFF format as they are collected. Note, the geotagged positions embedded in the imagery Exif information were in EPSG:4326, this is the only option in the software. The positions were converted to EPSG:6347 and EPSG:5703 in the imagery locations file (2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_ImageryLocations.csv) and were accounted for when transforming to EPSG:6347 and EPSG:5703 in the products. 20260805 RAW IMAGERY: The W1G2 images were geotagged in WingtraHub using the base station RINEX file and OPUS corrected location of the base. The aPT images were geotagged internally during the flight. All images were processed to add additional information required by the USGS to the Exif headers using ExifTools (https://exiftool.org/, version: 12.06), and the files were renamed to a unique identifier to avoid any possibility of duplicate names. These steps are described here. 1. ExifTools was used to tag each photo headers following the Imagery Data System EXIF Guidance. Attributes (e.g. Credit, Copyright, UsageTerms, ImageDescription, Artist, etc.) were stored in a csv file and written to each image with the command:' exiftool -csv="C:\directory\name\EXIF.csv" C:\directory\name\of\photos *.JPG ' To read out the photo information to a csv when in the directory with the photos the command is: exiftool -csv *.JPG > directory\name\allheaders_out.csv 2. All the images were renamed using a Python script to ensure unique filenames and compliance with the USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program's best practices for image naming convention. Images were renamed with the field survey ID prefix; flight number, and ID that distinguishes USGS cameras by make/camera number, the image acquisition date, coordinated universal time (UTC) in ISO8601 format, and a suffix with the original image name. For example, image name '2025011FA_f01MAP61_20250805T144737Z_#####', 2025011FA is the field activity ID; f01 is the flight number for that day; MAP61 is the camera used; 20250805 is the UTC date in the format YYYYMMDD, and a 'T' is used to separate UTC date from UTC time in format HHMMSS followed by a Z. The ##### is the original raw photo suffix (i.e. 12345 or IMG_1111) appended to the end of the new filename. 3. Images are validated and uploaded onto the Imagery Data System. 20260420 PHOTOGRAMMETRY: The ortho product was created in Agisoft Metashape v. 2.3.0 using the following general steps (see Over and others, 2021 for a more detailed SfM methodology explanation): 1. A project was created and imagery was imported along with a csv file containing the following information about the camera when the image was taken: latitude/longitude (WGS84), ellipsoid altitude (m), vertical and horizontal accuracy (m), omega/phi/kappa (°), and accuracy (°). 2. Photos were aligned at a high accuracy using a keypoint limit of 60,000 and unlimited tie points. 3. The alignment process matched pixels between images to create point clouds and put the imagery into a relative spatial context using the PPK geotagged image locations. The resultant point clouds were filtered using one iteration of the 'Reconstruction uncertainty' filter at a level of 10, one iteration of the 'Projection accuracy' filter at a level of 10, and multiple iterations of the 'Reprojection accuracy' filter to get to a level of 0.3. With each filter, iteration points are selected, deleted, and then the camera model was optimized to refine the focal length, cx, cy, k1, k2, k3, p1, and p2 camera model coefficients. 4. In a new chunk, a high-quality dense cloud with a low-frequency filtering algorithm was made. The dense point cloud was then edited by visual inspection to remove points with a low confidence near the edges and near water bodies. 5. An interpolated DSM was built from the dense point cloud and then an orthomosaic was built from the DSM with refined seamlines. This DSM was then used to generate the orthomosiac, which consists of 3-bands and was exported at 5 cm resolution (2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_MAP61_Ortho_5cm.tif). 6. For the multispectral data, a band transform was performed to change the pixels values from digital number values to units of reflectance. The transformation was to divide the value of each band by 32768 (i.e., half the bit-depth). 20251201 LIDAR DATA: The lidar data were processed in the Wingtra LIDAR app. The .data files were uploaded into the app along with the base station RINEX *.25O file. The OPUS corrected location of the base and the ARP-APC offset were then entered manually. After the processing was complete, the start and end location of each transect were manually identified to clip the paths and remove points obtained when the aircraft was turning. This point cloud product was exported from the Wingtra LIDAR app and was brought into Global Mapper (GM) and manually cleaned of points interpreted to be noise. The LPC was colorized in GM with the SfM orthomosaic. Then, the LPC was gridded at 10 cm into a DSM using maximum values binning grid method and the setting 'Grid "No Data" Distance' set to 0, the resulting file was exported as 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_WLDR_DSM_10cm.tif. The LPC was exported as 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_WLDR_LPC.laz. All files were exported in EPSG:6347 and EPSG:5703 using GEOID 18. 20250816 CLOUD OPTIMIZATION: The DSM and DTM were deflate compressed and turned into a cloud-optimized GeoTIFF (cog) using gdal_translate with the following command: for %i in (.\*.tif) do gdal_translate %i .\cog\%~ni_cog.tif -of COG -stats -co BLOCKSIZE=256 -co COMPRESS=DEFLATE -co PREDICTOR=YES -co NUM_THREADS=ALL_CPUS -co BIGTIFF=YES (v. 3.1.4 accessed October 20, 2020 https://gdal.org/). Where i is the name of each GeoTIFF section. The orthomosaic was JPEG compressed and turned into a cog using gdal_translate with the following command: for %i in (.\*.tif) do gdal_translate %i .\%~ni_cog.tif -of COG -stats -co BLOCKSIZE=256 -co COMPRESS=JPEG -co QUALITY=90 -co PREDICTOR=YES -co NUM_THREADS=ALL_CPUS -co BIGTIFF=YES 20260220 Amit Millo U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Geologist mailing and physical address

U.S. Geological Survey

384 Woods Hole Rd.

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2223 amillo@usgs.gov Universal Transverse Mercator 18 0.999600 -75.000000 0.000000 500000.000000 0.000000 row and column 0.001 0.001 meters North American Datum of 1983 (National Spatial Reference System 2011) GRS_1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 0.001 meters Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_ImageryLocations.csv The CSV file contains the approximate position of the W1G2 MAP61 images at the moment of each capture based on post-processed UAS integrated GPS. Producer defined ImageName File names of individual images, see the Process Description for file naming convention. Producer defined Character string. GPSDateTime Date and time of each image in the format YYYY:MM:DD HH:MM:SSZ where YYYY is the four-digit year, MM the two-digit month, DD the two-digit day, HH two-digit the hour, MM two-digit the minute, SS two-digit the seconds, and a Z follows at the end to represent Zulu time. USGS Character string. Latitude [EPSG:6319] Latitude (y) in NAD83(2011) of camera based on time of each image capture. Positive values represent north coordinates. USGS 39.89788992 39.90816004 decimal degrees Longitude [EPSG:6319] Longitude (x) in NAD83(2011) of camera based on time of each image capture. Negative values represent west coordinates. USGS -75.25831025 -75.24931986 decimal degrees Ellipsoid height (m) [GRS 1980] Ellipsoid elevation (in meters) of the camera at time of each image capture. USGS 11.920 95.273 meters Easting (m) [EPSG:6347] Easting coordinate in NAD83(2011) / UTM zone 18N of the image in meters. USGS 477919.1971 478688.8508 meters Northing (m) [EPSG:6347] Northing coordinate in NAD83(2011) / UTM zone 18N of the image in meters. USGS 4416455.208 4417594.667 meters Orthometric height (m) [NAVD88, GEOID18] Orthometric elevation in meters of the camera at time of each image capture. USGS 44.8839170 128.2389029 meters 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_GCP.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing GNSS data aquired by the AeroPoint2s. Producer Defined FAN USGS Field Activity Number USGS 2025-011-FA Year, USGS ID, and Field Activity USGS Date Date of each image in the format YYYYMMDD where YYYY is the four-digit year, MM the two-digit month, DD the two-digit day. USGS 20250805 20250806 Point ID Abbreviated reference for each Aeropoint2 datapoint used in this field session. A points were collected on day one and B points were collected on day two. The number following the letter is unique per day. Processor defined Character string. Aeropoint ID Unique identifier for ground control points. Processor defined Character string. Easting (m) [EPSG:6347] Post-processed X-coordinate of AeroPoint2 in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 18N USGS 478023.613 478462.597 meters Northing (m) [EPSG:6347] Post-processed Y-coordinate of AeroPoint2 in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 18N. USGS 4416639.749 4417377.219 meters Orthometric height (m) [NAVD88, GEOID18] Post-processed Z-coordinate of AeroPoint2 using NAVD88 with GEOID 18 applied. USGS 4.982 31.552 meters Latitude [EPSG:6319] Post-processed latitude of AeroPoint2 position in NAD83(2011). USGS 39.89955 39.90620 decimal degrees Longitude [EPSG:6319] Post-processed longitude of AeroPoint2 position in NAD83(2011). Producer Defined -75.25709 -75.25196 decimal degrees Ellipsoid height (m) [GRS 1980] Post-processed height in meters of AeroPoint2 in relation to the NAD83(2011) reference ellipsoid GRS80. USGS -27.984 -1.413 meters X variance (mm) Variance in the X-coordinate from post-processing Producer Defined 2.0 8.3 millimeters Y variance (mm) Variance in the Y-coordinate from post-processing Producer Defined 3.9 6.5 millimeters Z variance (mm) Variance in the Z-coordinate from post-processing Producer Defined 3.7 8.3 millimeters Baseline distance (km) Distance of AeroPoint2 from nearest used processing network base station Producer Defined 0.08 14.09 kilometers 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_VegSurvey.csv Vegetation survey data taken on August 6, 2025 within the boundaries of the Clearview Landfill. Vegetation survey data was taken using the Emlid RS3. Tree survey data was taken with the CI-110, which has an internal GPS unit with 5 m accuracy that does not record elevations. Producer Defined FAN USGS Field Activity Number USGS 2025-011-FA Year, USGS ID, and Field Activity USGS Point ID VS# for vegetation survey performed visually, TS# for tree survey with CI-110, with # is the sequential survey number. Producer Defined Character string. Date Date of each datapoint in the format YYYYMMDD where YYYY is the four-digit year, MM the two-digit month, DD the two-digit day. USGS 20250326 20250327 Time [UTC-04:00] Time in HH:MM:SS 24 hour format, where HH is the two-digit hours, MM is the two-digit minutes, and SS is the two-digit seconds. Producer Defined Character string. Class Classification label identifying the surface type of each feature (e.g., tree, low vegetation, metal) based on its overhead appearance. Producer Defined Character string. Attributes A more detailed description of the class explaining what exactly the object is. Producer Defined Character string. Easting (m) [EPSG:6347] Post-processed X-coordinate of checkshot in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 18N Producer Defined 478032.767 478471.308 Northing (m) [EPSG:6347] Post-processed Y-coordinate of checkshot in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 18N Producer Defined 4416913.96 4417411.36 Orthometric Height (m) [NAVD88, GEOID18] Post-processed Z-coordinate of checkshot using NAVD88 with GEOID 18 applied. Producer Defined NA No Data Producer defined 2.69 27.97 Latitude [EPSG:6319] Post-processed latitude of checkshot position in NAD83(2011). Producer Defined -75.25698 -75.25186 Longitude [EPSG:6319] Post-processed longitude of checkshot position in NAD83(2011). Producer Defined 39.90202 39.90651 Ellipsoid height (m) [GRS 1980] Post-processed height in meters of checkshot in relation to the NAD83(2011) reference ellipsoid GRS80. USGS -32.96605 -5.00084 Height Estimate (m) An estimate of the height of the object being documented at the survey point. Producer Defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.1 5.0 PAR Average Mean photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) value measured by the CID Bio-Science CI-110 Plant Canopy Imager across the sampling interval, expressed in µmol·m−2·s−1 Producer Defined NA No Data Producer defined 18 511 PAR LAI Leaf Area Index (LAI) derived from photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) attenuation measurements captured by the CID Bio-Science CI-110 Plant Canopy Imager, representing canopy density as unitless leaf area per ground area. Producer Defined NA No Data Producer defined 1.5111519 7.9064827 GAP Fraction LAI Canopy gap fraction derived from Leaf Area Index (LAI) analysis using the CID Bio-Science CI-110 Plant Canopy Imager, representing the proportion of sky visible through the canopy. Producer Defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.065222 2.068472 GAP Fraction Mean Leaf Angle Mean leaf inclination angle estimated from canopy gap fraction measurements acquired by the CID Bio-Science CI-110 Plant Canopy Imager, representing the average orientation of leaves relative to the horizontal (degrees). Producer Defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.00617 89.74454 degrees GAP Fraction Transmission Coefficient Canopy transmission coefficient derived from gap fraction measurements using the CID Bio-Science CI-110 Plant Canopy Imager, representing the proportion of incident radiation transmitted through the canopy (unitless). Producer Defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.300180 0.912832 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_Emlid_RTK.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing GNSS data obtained using the Emlid rover. Producer Defined FAN USGS Field Activity Number USGS 2025-011-FA Year, USGS ID, and Field Activity USGS Date Date of each image in the format YYYYMMDD where YYYY is the four-digit year, MM the two-digit month, DD the two-digit day. USGS 20250805 20250807 Point ID Abbreviated reference for each Aeropoint2 datapoint used in this field session. "A" represents that the points were collected day one and the number following the letter is unique per checkshot. The same format follows for points collected day two ("B") and three ("C"). Producer Defined Character string. Attributes Additional information assigned to each GPS checkshot while collecting that describes the purpose of that checkshot. Producer Defined Character string. Easting (m) [EPSG:6347] Post-processed X-coordinate of checkshot in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 18N USGS 478023.293 478552.372 meter Northing (m) [EPSG:6347] Post-processed Y-coordinate of checkshot in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 18N USGS 4416525.469 4417411.362 meter Orthometric height (m) [NAVD88, GEOID18] Post-processed Z-coordinate of checkshot using NAVD88 with GEOID 18 applied. USGS 2.69 33.01 meter Latitude [EPSG:6319] Post-processed latitude of checkshot position in NAD83(2011). USGS -75.25709419 -75.25091138 decimal degree Longitude [EPSG:6319] Post-processed longitude of checkshot position in NAD83(2011). USGS 39.89852456 39.90651022 decimal degree Ellipsoid height (m) [GRS 1980] Post-processed height in meters of checkshot in relation to the NAD83(2011) reference ellipsoid GRS80. USGS -30.277 0.047 meter Tilt angle (deg) Angle to nadir of the Emlid RS3 Producer Defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.1 15.2 degree Elevation RMS (m) Root mean square in the Z-coordinate Producer Defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.01 0.03 meter Lateral RMS (m) Root mean square in the horizontal XY-coordinate Producer Defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.016 0.019 meter Baseline (m) Straight line distance of checkshot from base station in meters. Producer Defined NA No Data Producer defined 3.365 556.535 meter 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_WLDR_LPC.laz UAS lidar point cloud in *.laz v. 1.4 file format. This georeferenced point cloud was colorized using natural color RGB image values and is not classified. There are 180,278,855 points. Point density is 513.75 points per square meter and point spacing is 0.04412 m. Wingtra Elevation Surface elevation orthometric height NAVD88 (m) using Geoid 18 in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 18N. Wingtra -0.624 37.144 meters Return Number Sequential index of a return within a single emitted pulse. Wingtra 0 3 Scan Angle Scan angle of the laser beam relative to nadir at the time of each return (degrees). Wingtra -44 45 degrees Point Source Identifier of the originating lidar acquisition source. Wingtra 0 31 Intensity Lidar intensity is recorded as the return strength of a laser beam during data collection. Wingtra 0 255 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_MAP61_Ortho_5cm.tif Cloud-optimized JPEG compressed true-color orthomosaic. USGS Band_1 Red wavelength band Agisoft Metashape 0 255 Band_2 Green wavelength band Agisoft Metashape 0 255 Band_3 Blue wavelength band Agisoft Metashape 0 255 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_WLDR_DSM_10cm.tif A cloud-optimized digital surface model gridded using the Max-Binning (DSM) method in Global Mapper from the "2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_WLDR_LPC" lidar point cloud with encoded elevation values. Pixel resolution is 10 cm. USGS Value Surface elevation orthometric height NAVD88 (m) using Geoid 2018 in NAD83(2011) UTM Zone 18N. producer defined -0.463 37.144 meters 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_aPT_Ortho_5cm.tif A cloud-optimized 5-band multispectral reflectance orthomosaic. Values can be greater than 1 due to oversaturation. Pixel resolution is 5 cm. producer defined Band_1 Blue wavelength band Agisoft Metashape 0.000000 1.707626 none Band_2 Green wavelength band Agisoft Metashape 0.000000 2.901257 none Band_3 Red wavelength band Agisoft Metashape 0.000000 2.078811 none Band_4 Rededge wavelength band Agisoft Metashape 0.000000 2.993758 none Band_5 Near infra-red wavelength band Agisoft Metashape 0.000000 2.949487 none The filenames are formatted as "2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_Sensor/Product_Resolution.*", where 2025011 is the USGS Field activity ID, Clearview is the location, and Aug is the data collection month; sensor includes the Wingtra MAP61 (MAP61), Altum-PT (aPT), Wingtra Lidar (WLDR), Emlid RS3 (RS3), and AeroPoint2s (GCP); products include orthomosaic (Ortho), digital surface model (DSM), and lidar point cloud (LPC). The horizontal coordinate reference system for all products is NAD83(2011)/UTM18N, the vertical coordinate reference system (VCRS) is NAVD88 using GEOID 18. Image location coordinate reference systems are specific to the sensor and can be viewed in the image locations CSV files. USGS Field Activity 2025-011-FA U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Aerial imaging and mapping of The Darby Creek Superfund Site includes a lidar point cloud, two elevation models, one natural color orthomosaics, associated imagery, ground control, and checkshots. Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. GeoTIFF 1.0.0 Cloud optimized GeoTIFF deflate (ZIP) compressed 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_DSM_10cm.tif (115 MB) is a digital elevation model. 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_MAP61_Ortho_5cm.tif (645 MB)and 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_aPT_Ortho_5cm (3250 MB) are orthomosaics. 4010 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/69839c3db66b01367d7ecd79 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/69839c3db66b01367d7ecd79 https://doi.org/10.5066/P13TQ8E7 The first link in the list above is to the child page where files can be downloaded individually, the second link is to directly download all the data on the page, and third link is to the doi to the main publication. CSV Exported from Excel Office 365 16.01 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_GCP.csv (.002 MB) and 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_Emlid_RTK.csv (.082 MB) contain ground control data and checkshot data respectively. 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_ImageryLocations.csv (2.143 MB) contains a list of the MAP61 images and their positions. 2025011FA_Clearview_Aug_VegSurvey.csv (0.02 MB) contains the vegetation survey data. 2.227 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/69839c3db66b01367d7ecd79 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/69839c3db66b01367d7ecd79 https://doi.org/10.5066/P13TQ8E7 The first link in the list above is to the child page where files can be downloaded individually, the second link is to directly download all the data on the page, and third link is to the doi to the main publication. JPEG 1.0.0 The natural color (RGB) images from the MAP61 camera module. 12700 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/69839c3db66b01367d7ecd79 https://doi.org/10.5066/P13DBRZV https://doi.org/10.5066/P13TQ8E7 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/69839c3db66b01367d7ecd79 The first link in the list above is to the child page where a link to the Imagery Data System landing page can be found, the second link is to the Imagery Data System landing page where the photos can be viewed and downloaded individually, the third link is the doi redirect link to the data release landing page. The fourth link directly downloads all the data hosted on the ScienceBase page; however, due to the large total file size, this link does not currently work and is included in case it works in the future. Transfer size refers to the total size of all images if downloaded from the IDS, images are not hosted on ScienceBase. LAZ 1.4 LAZ (LAserZipped) is an open file format intended for point data records. Use laszip to decompress 1858 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/69839c3db66b01367d7ecd79 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/69839c3db66b01367d7ecd79 https://doi.org/10.5066/P13TQ8E7 The first link in the list above is to the child page where files can be downloaded individually, the second link is to directly download all the data on the page, and third link is to the doi to the main publication. None. 20260602 Amit Millo U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region Geologist mailing and physical

U.S. Geological Survey

384 Woods Hole Rd.

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2223 whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 None None