Sediment sample analysis data from ponds to the beach on North Core Banks, NC in October 2022

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What does this data set describe?

Title:
Sediment sample analysis data from ponds to the beach on North Core Banks, NC in October 2022
Abstract:
These data map in high detail surficial cross-sections of North Core Banks, a barrier island in Cape Lookout National Seashore, NC, in October 2022. U.S. Geological Survey field efforts are part of an interagency agreement with the National Park Service to monitor the recovery of the island from Hurricanes Florence (2018) and Dorian (2019). Three sites of outwash, overwash, and pond formation were targeted for extensive vegetation ground-truthing, sediment samples, bathymetric mapping with a remote-controlled surface vehicle, and uncrewed aerial systems (UAS) flights to collect multispectral imagery. Five semi-permanent ground control points were also installed and surveyed to act as control for additional aerial imagery collected via plane. UAS imagery were processed in Agisoft Metashape (v. 1.8.1) with surveyed temporary ground control points to produce calibrated multispectral (red, blue, green, red edge, near infrared, and panchromatic) orthoimages and digital surface models.
Supplemental_Information:
For more information about the WHCMSC Field Activity, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2022034FA. Bounding coordinates include the extent of where the samples were taken. Images of sand are also included in the larger work citation which can be used for SandSnap applications and to compare between the grain size analysis methods. This dataset was added to the larger work citation release, resulting in a version 2 of the original data release.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Over, Jin-Si R., and Sherwood, Christopher R., 20231215, Sediment sample analysis data from ponds to the beach on North Core Banks, NC in October 2022: data release DOI:10.5066/P99IV3FC, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Over, Jin-Si R., Sherwood, Christopher R., Cramer, Jennifer M., Evans, Alexandra D., and Zeigler, Sara L., 2023, Topographic, bathymetric, multispectral, vegetation, sediment, and supporting GPS data collected on North Core Banks, Cape Lookout National Seashore, North Carolina in October 2022, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2022-034-FA (ver. 2.0, December 2023): data release DOI:10.5066/P99IV3FC, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Suggested citation: Over, J.R., Sherwood, C.R., Cramer, J.M., Evans, A.D., and Zeigler, S.L, 2023, Topographic, bathymetric, multispectral, vegetation, sediment, and supporting GPS data collected on North Core Banks, Cape Lookout National Seashore, North Carolina in October 2022, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2022-034-FA (ver. 2.0, December 2023): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P99IV3FC.
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.27040
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.22566
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.92302
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.88885
  3. What does it look like?
    https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/654d13f6d34ee4b6e05c2e55?name=2022034FA_NCB_Sediment_browse.jpg&allowOpen=true (JPEG)
    Collecting sediment samples with a grab sampler from kayaks.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 17-Oct-2022
    Currentness_Reference:
    Ground condition; multiple survey days.
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (31)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.0197464427. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0258271413. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983 (National Spatial Reference System 2011).
      The ellipsoid used is GRS_1980.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 using Geoid 18
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.001
      Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
      Altitude_Encoding_Method:
      Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    2022034FA_NCB_JO01_GS-LD_results.csv and 2022034FA_NCB_JO01_GS-LD_results.xlsx
    Data spreadsheet containing positions of the samples, the grain-size analysis results analyzed using the HORIBA laser diffraction unit and sieving of the ≥ -2 phi fraction, and the organic content results. These are the attribute labels for the CSV file but the attribute definition and values are the same in the CSV and XLSX file. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Analysis_ID
    An identifier for the sample which is unique to the database. This identifier begins with the assigned multi-letter code GS-, which corresponds to the type of analysis performed on the sample (grain-size analysis), followed by a six-digit number assigned sequentially as samples are registered for analysis. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string.
    Sample_ID
    The identification value assigned to the sample at the time of collection. This varies from field activity to field activity and the ID can contain any combination of letters and numbers. "Replicate" indicates the sample was run multiple times. (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary) Character string.
    Project
    Name of project or project number under which samples were taken or data generated; sometimes project name indicates a more specific area. (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary) Character string.
    FAN
    The serial number assigned to the dataset field activity during which the sample was collected. This value is in the format YYYY-XXX-FA where YYYY is the year, XXX is the number assigned to the activity within the year, and FA indicates Field Activity. (Source: modified from USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary) Character string.
    Submitter
    Name of Principal Investigator or Chief Scientist responsible for data collection (usually first initial and last name) when available. (Source: modified from USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary) Character string.
    Area
    General geographic area of data collection. Name is general enough to easily locate area on a state map. (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary) Character string.
    Latitude
    Latitude coordinate, in decimal-degrees, of sample location (NAD83[2011]). South latitude is recorded as negative values. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:34.88885
    Maximum:34.92302
    Units:Decimal degrees
    Longitude
    Longitude coordinate, in decimal degrees, of sample location (NAD83[2011]). West longitude is recorded as negative values. (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-76.27040
    Maximum:-76.22566
    Units:Decimal degrees
    Depth_m
    Measured elevation, in meters, relative to NAVD88 (geoid 18) of where the surface sample was taken (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-4.209
    Maximum:1.102
    Units:meters
    T_Depth_cm
    Top depth of sample, in centimeters, below the sediment-air interface. (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0
    Units:centimeters
    B_Depth_cm
    Bottom depth of sample, in centimeters, below the sediment-air interface. (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2
    Maximum:2
    Units:centimeters
    Device
    Device used to collect the sample. (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    ValueDefinition
    Sampling scoopsample collected by hand with specialized trowel
    Collection_date
    Calendar date indicating when the sample was collected in the format MM/DD/YYYY where DD is the day of the month, MM is the numeric month, and YYYY is the year. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string.
    Analysis_date
    Calendar date indicating when sample analysis was completed in the format MM/DD/YYYY where DD is the day of the month, MM is the numeric month, and YYYY is the year. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string.
    Weight_g
    Weight of wet sample in grams. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.5338
    Maximum:27.7079
    Units:grams
    Resolution:0.0001
    Gravel_PCT
    Gravel content in percent dry weight of the sample (particles with nominal diameters greater than 2 mm; -1 phi and larger). (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0000
    Maximum:0.0000
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.0001
    Sand_PCT
    Sand content in percent dry weight of the sample (particles with nominal diameters less than 2 mm, but greater than or equal to 0.0625 mm; 0 phi through 4 phi). (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:61.7495
    Maximum:100.0025
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.0001
    Silt_PCT
    Silt content in percent dry weight of the sample (particles with nominal diameters less than 0.0625 mm, but greater than or equal to 0.004 mm; 5 phi through 8 phi, inclusive). (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0000
    Maximum:34.7770
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.0001
    Clay_PCT
    Clay content in percent dry weight of the sample (particles with nominal diameters less than 0.004 mm; 9 phi and smaller). (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0000
    Maximum:3.4765
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.0001
    Classification
    Sediment description based on a rigorous definition (Shepard [1954] as modified by Schlee and Webster [1967], Schlee [1973], and Poppe and others [2014]). These values represent the classifications that are present in this dataset, not all possible sediment classifications. (Source: Modified from USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    ValueDefinition
    sandSediment whose main phase is less than 2 mm, but greater than or equal to 0.0625 mm.
    silty sandSediment whose main phase is clay (sediment whose main phase is less than 0.004 mm), but with significant silt (sediment whose main phase is less than 0.0625 mm, but greater than or equal to 0.004 mm).
    Mean_Phi
    Average value in the grain-size distribution in phi units. (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.10
    Maximum:3.60
    Units:phi
    Resolution:0.01
    StDev_Phi
    Standard deviation (root mean square of the deviations) of the grain-size distribution in phi units (sorting). (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.50
    Maximum:2.43
    Units:phi
    Resolution:0.01
    Skewness_Phi
    Skewness (unitless deviation from symmetrical form) of the grain-size distribution using logarithmic method of moments in phi units. (Source: modified from USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.49
    Maximum:2.77
    Units:phi
    Resolution:0.01
    Kurtosis_Phi
    Kurtosis (unitless degree of curvature near the mode) of the grain-size distribution using logarithmic method of moments in phi units. (Source: modified from USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.27
    Maximum:12.40
    Units:phi
    Resolution:0.01
    D90_Phi
    Diameter at which 90% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.20
    Maximum:1.19
    Units:phi
    Resolution:0.01
    D75_Phi
    Diameter at which 75% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.58
    Maximum:1.63
    Units:phi
    Resolution:0.01
    D50_Phi
    Diameter at which 50% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value and 50% is larger; middle point in the grain-size distribution in phi units. (Source: modified from USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.15
    Maximum:2.66
    Units:phi
    Resolution:0.01
    D25_Phi
    Diameter at which 25% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.61
    Maximum:5.54
    Units:phi
    Resolution:0.01
    D10_Phi
    Diameter at which 10% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:6.86
    Maximum:1.88
    Units:phi
    Resolution:0.01
    Mean_um
    Average value in the grain-size distribution in microns. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:194.93
    Maximum:517.77
    Units:microns
    Resolution:0.01
    StDev_um
    Standard deviation (root mean square of the deviations) of the grain-size distribution in microns (sorting). (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:105.54
    Maximum:215.43
    Units:microns
    Resolution:0.01
    Skewness_um
    Skewness (unitless deviation from symmetrical form) of the grain-size distribution in microns. (Source: modified from USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.33
    Maximum:1.62
    Units:microns
    Resolution:0.01
    Kurtosis_um
    Kurtosis (unitless degree of curvature near the mode) of the grain-size distribution in microns. (Source: modified from USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.41
    Maximum:6.67
    Units:microns
    Resolution:0.01
    D10_um
    Diameter at which 10% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:9.96
    Maximum:317.05
    Units:microns
    Resolution:0.01
    D25_um
    Diameter at which 25% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:23.17
    Maximum:391.80
    Units:microns
    Resolution:0.01
    D50_um
    Diameter at which 50% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value and 50% is larger; middle point in the grain-size distribution in microns. (Source: modified from USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    Range of values
    Minimum:197.86
    Maximum:485.45
    Units:microns
    Resolution:0.01
    D75_um
    Diameter at which 75% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:320.77
    Maximum:620.98
    Units:microns
    Resolution:0.01
    D90_um
    Diameter at which 90% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:418.58
    Maximum:756.27
    Units:microns
    Resolution:0.01
    Phi_16
    16 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 16 phi fraction and smaller (nominal diameter of particles less than 0.00003125 mm); colloid. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:0.000
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_15
    15 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 15 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.00003125 mm, but less than 0.0000625 mm); colloid. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:0.000
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_14
    14 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 14 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.0000625 mm, but less than 0.000125 mm); colloid. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:0.000
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_13
    13 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 13 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.000125 mm, but less than 0.00025 mm); fine clay. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:0.233
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_12
    12 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 12 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.00025 mm, but less than 0.0005 mm); fine clay. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:1.596
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_11
    11 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 11 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.0005 mm, but less than 0.001 mm); fine clay. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:0.3635
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_10
    10 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 10 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.001 mm, but less than 0.002 mm); medium clay. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:0.000
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_9
    9 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 9 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.002 mm, but less than 0.004 mm); coarse clay. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:1.285
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_8
    8 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 8 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.004 mm, but less than 0.008 mm); very fine silt. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:4.940
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_7
    7 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 7 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.008 mm, but less than 0.016 mm); fine silt. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:11.179
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_6
    6 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 6 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.016 mm, but less than 0.031 mm); medium silt. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:11.784
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_5
    5 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 5 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.031 mm, but less than 0.0625 mm); coarse silt. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:6.875
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_4
    4 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 4 phi fraction (nominal diameters of particles greater than or equal to 0.0625 mm, but less than 0.125 mm); very fine sand. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:5.545
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_3
    3 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 3 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.125 mm, but less than 0.25 mm); fine sand. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3.439
    Maximum:46.661
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_2
    2 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 2 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.25 mm, but less than 0.5 mm); medium sand. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:34.584
    Maximum:73.032
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_1
    1 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 1 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, but less than 1 mm); coarse sand. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3.379
    Maximum:39.467
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_0
    0 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 0 phi fraction (nominal diameters of particles greater than or equal to 1 mm, but less than 2 mm); very coarse sand. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:2.817
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_M1
    -1 phi: weight percent of the sample in the -1 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 2 mm, but less than 4 mm); very fine pebbles (granules). M is for minus. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:0.000
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_M2
    -2 phi: weight percent of the sample in the -2 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 4 mm, but less than 8 mm); fine pebbles. M is for minus. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:0.000
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_M3
    -3 phi: weight percent of the sample in the -3 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 8 mm, but less than 16 mm); medium pebbles. M is for minus. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:0.000
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_M4
    -4 phi: weight percent of the sample in the -4 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 16 mm, but less than 32 mm); coarse pebbles. M is for minus. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:0.000
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_M5
    -5 phi: weight percent of the sample in the -5 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 32 mm, but less than 64 mm); very coarse pebbles. M is for minus. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:0.000
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Phi_M6
    -6 phi: weight percent of the sample in the -6 phi fraction and larger (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 64 mm); cobbles and boulders. M is for minus. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.000
    Maximum:0.000
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.001
    Analyst
    Name (usually first, middle, and last initials) of person who performed the grain-size or physical properties analysis. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string.
    Quality_grade
    Samples are assigned a quality grade based on the examination of the analytical data. Data quality grades may be determined by several factors, such as consistency with samples collected from a geospatially adjacent location and consistency between replicate runs, and any comments or notes that indicate the data for a particular sample may be suspect are included in the results table for that sample under "comments". When considering replicate run values, if there is over a 10% difference between relative fraction percentages in this sample and the replicate, a quality grade of B will be assigned, over 15% would be assigned a C, and over 20% would be assigned a D. Quality grades for sample data that do not have any additional comments are assigned based on the calculated percent difference between the weights of the coarse fraction remaining after wet sieving and the sum of all of the weighed fractions after dry sieving the coarse fraction, indicating an estimated differing amount of material which could skew the calculated grain size results: A = percent differences between 0% and ±1.5%, B = percent differences between ±1.5% and ±3%, C = percent differences between ±3% and ±4.5%, and D = percent differences greater than ±4.5%. The quality grade is followed by a hyphen and the initials of the person who assigned the grade: BJB is Brian J Buczkowski; JDC is Jason D Chaytor; SJW is Sarah J Widlansky. (Source: modified from USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    ValueDefinition
    APercent differences between 0% and ±1.5%, there is less than 10% difference in relative fraction percentages between this sample and the replicate, or the results are consistent with expected values.
    BPercent differences between ±1.5% and ±3%, there is greater than 10% and less than 15% difference in relative fraction percentages between this sample and the replicate, or the results are generally consistent with expected values.
    CPercent differences between ±3% and ±4.5%, there is greater than 15% and less than 20% difference in relative fraction percentages between this sample and the replicate, or the results are somewhat consistent with expected values.
    DPercent differences greater than ±4.5%, there is greater than 20% difference in relative fraction percentages between this sample and the replicate, or the results are inconsistent with expected values.
    Comments
    Relevant comments on analytical observations or anomalies that may affect the quality of the data. Entries with no comments are left blank. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string.
    2022034FA_NCB_JO01_LOI_results.csv and 2022034FA_NCB_JO01_LOI_results.xlsx
    Data spreadsheet containing positions of the samples and the loss on ignition analysis results (Source: Producer Defined)
    Sample_ID
    Sample identification number assigned by the collecting scientist (Source: Producer Defined) character string
    Analysis_ID
    Sample identification number assigned in in the laboratory. This identifier begins with the assigned multi-letter code, which corresponds to the type of analysis performed on the sample (loss-on-ignition analysis), followed by a six-digit number assigned sequentially as samples are registered for analysis. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) character string
    Field_Activity_Number
    Identification code assigned by the CMHRP data tracking system Compass (Source: Producer Defined) character string
    Contact
    Contact for samples (Source: Producer Defined) character string
    Area
    General area where samples were taken (Source: Producer Defined) character string
    Latitude_DD
    Latitude coordinate, in decimal-degrees, of sample location in NAD83(2011). South latitude recorded as negative values. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:34.90124
    Maximum:34.90141
    Units:decimal degrees
    Longitude_DD
    Longitude coordinate, in decimal degrees, of sample location in NAD83(2011). West longitude is recorded as negative values. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-76.25471
    Maximum:-76.25464
    Units:decimal degrees
    Depth_m
    Water depth at the location where the sample was collected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.515
    Maximum:1.102
    Units:meters
    Resolution:0.001
    T_Depth_cm
    Depth of the top of the interval that was sampled for analysis as measured from the top of the sample (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0
    Units:centimeters
    B_Depth_cm
    Depth of the bottom of the interval that was sampled for analysis as measured from the top of the sample (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2
    Maximum:2
    Units:centimeters
    Device
    Device used to collect the sample (Source: USGS East Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary)
    ValueDefinition
    Sampling scoopsample collected by hand with specialized trowel
    Date_Collected_MM/DD/YYYY
    Date that sample was collected. Format: MM/DD/YYYY (MM=Month) (DD=Day) (YYYY=Year) (Source: Producer Defined) character string
    Date_Analyzed_MM/DD/YYYY
    Date that CC-LOI analysis was completed. Format: MM/DD/YYYY (MM=Month) (DD=Day) (YYYY=Year) (Source: Producer Defined) character string
    Crucible_Wt_g
    Weight of crucible in which sample was heated for CC-LOI (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:27.1485
    Maximum:29.0714
    Units:grams
    Resolution:0.0001
    Gross_Initial_Wt_g
    Combined weight of crucible and powdered sample, prior to heating (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:32.5311
    Maximum:34.9460
    Units:grams
    Resolution:0.0001
    Sample_Initial_Wt_g
    Initial weight of sample, calculated from gross initial weight minus crucible weight (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:5.3826
    Maximum:5.8746
    Units:grams
    Resolution:0.0001
    Gross_Sample_Wt_550C_g
    Combined weight of crucible and sample after heating to 550 degrees Celsius for 3 hours (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:32.3261
    Maximum:34.7682
    Units:grams
    Resolution:0.0001
    Sample_Wt_550C_g
    Sample weight after heating to 550 degrees C for 3 hours, calculated from Gross_Sample_Wt_550C_g minus Crucible_Wt_g (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:5.1776
    Maximum:5.6968
    Units:grams
    Resolution:0.0001
    Sample_WtLoss_550C_g
    Weight differential between initial sample weight and sample weight after heating at 550 degrees Celsius for 3 hours (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.1778
    Maximum:0.2050
    Units:grams
    Resolution:0.0001
    Bulk_Organic_Matter_WtPct
    Weight percent of organic matter and carbon lost while heating sample to 550 degrees C for 3 hours; calculated as the percent of sample weight lost divided by initial sample weight. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3.0266
    Maximum:3.0809
    Units:weight percent
    Resolution:0.0001
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    These data are available in CSV and XLSX format. The first line of the CSV file is a header line, and those labels are the same as defined in the attribute section. The CSV has data values with the established resolution in the attribute section above, the excel file has significant figures beyond the instrument precision.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS Field Activities 2022-034-FA

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Jin-Si R. Over
    • Christopher R. Sherwood
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Jin-Si R. Over
    U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2297 (voice)
    jover@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

These grain-size and organic content analysis data may be used in numerical models of coastal dynamics and to better understand how the channels and ponds formed during Hurricane Dorian fill in.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    Dean (1974) (source 1 of 1)
    Dean, Walter E., 1974, Determination of carbonate and organic matter in calcareous sediments and sedimentary rocks by loss on ignition; comparison with other methods: Journal of Sedimentary Research Vol. 44, SEPM Journal of Sedimentary Research, Tulsa, OK.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy
    Source_Contribution:
    A modified version of the methods described in the paper were used to produce the loss on ignition dataset.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 19-Oct-2022 (process 1 of 8)
    Sand was collected with a small spade from the upper 2 cm of the sample site and placed into a labeled plastic bag for grain-size analysis. Samples at each site (New Pond 0, 1, and 3) were taken on a shore-perpendicular profile from the pond or channel edge to the ocean side waterline, targeting changes in topography and visually distinct changes in the sand. Two additional samples were taken using a grab sampler deployed from two kayaks on New Pond 1. Samples were stored in a cooler. The dates of the sample collection are provided in the CSV file, the process data provided here is the last day of collection. A picture was also taken of the surface where the sand was collected with a quarter for scale (see larger work citation SandSnap grain-size data and photos). Person who carried out this activity:
    Jin-Si R. Over
    U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geographer
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2297 (voice)
    jover@usgs.gov
    Date: May-2023 (process 2 of 8)
    The samples were analyzed in the sediment laboratory at the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center using the HORIBA LA-960 laser diffraction unit and sieving of the ≥ -2 phi fraction. Samples submitted to the sediment laboratory for grain-size analysis were assigned unique analysis identifiers (ANALYSIS_ID). Each batch is entered into a Microsoft Excel data entry spreadsheet (LD Worksheet Template_JO01.xlsx, where JO01 is the identifier assigned to the sample submission) to record the initial and dried sample weights, as well as the sieved coarse fraction weights. Each batch was also entered into macro-enabled Microsoft Excel data entry spreadsheets (GrainSizeWorksheet_LD1-30_JO01(batch_yy).xlsm or GrainSizeWorksheet_LD31-60_JO01(batch_yy).xlsm, where "LD1-30” and “LD31-60” refer to the pre-labeled and weighed glass laser diffraction vials in which the samples will be run, and “batch_yy” refers to the sample batch) to record the measurement data coming from the laser diffraction unit and incorporate the initial, dried, and sieved weights.
    About 10-15 grams of wet sediment were placed in a pre-weighed beaker and the gross weight was recorded. The sample was wet sieved through a 4 mm (No. 5) sieve. If there was any coarse fraction remaining in the sieve, the coarse material was oven dried at 100°C in a pre-weighed beaker and weighed again when dry. This coarse fraction was dry sieved to determine the individual weights of the -2 to -5 phi fractions, and the weights were recorded in the data entry spreadsheet LD Worksheet Template_SS05.xlsx. The fine fraction in water was collected in a pre-labeled and weighed glass laser diffraction vial. If there was any coarse fraction remaining in the sieve from wet sieving, this vial was also oven dried at 100°C and weighed when dry. If there was no coarse fraction remaining from wet sieving, the sample proceeded directly to processing for analyses by the HORIBA LA-960 laser diffraction unit.
    Fine fractions ready for analysis by the HORIBA laser diffraction unit were rehydrated with distilled water if they had been dry. Fifteen (15) ml of pre-mixed 40 g/l sodium hexametaphosphate [(NaPO3)6] was added to each sample. If the height of the fluid in the laser diffraction vial was less than 5 cm, more distilled water was added to raise the level to no more than 8 cm in the vial. The samples were gently stirred, covered, and allowed to soak for at least 1 hour (for samples that were not dried) or up to 24 hours (for samples that were dried). Soaked vials were placed into an ultrasonic bath and run for 10 minutes at a frequency of 37 Hz with a power level of 100. If the samples appeared to be fully disaggregated, they were placed into pre-determined autosampler locations and were run using the HORIBA LA-960 for Windows software to get the fine fraction grain-size distributions. The fine fraction distribution data was added to the appropriate data entry spreadsheets (GrainSizeWorksheet_LD1-30_JO01(batch_yy).xlsm or GrainSizeWorksheet_LD31-60_JO01(batch_yy).xlsm). The spreadsheet was used to calculate a continuous phi class distribution from the original fractions.
    Date: May-2023 (process 3 of 8)
    A continuous phi class distribution from the original fractions was transposed to the "results" tab in the macro-enabled Microsoft Excel data entry workbook (GrainSizeWorksheet_LD1-30_JO01(batch_01, batch_02, batch_03, or batch_replicates).xlsm or GrainSizeWorksheet_LD31-60_JO01(batch_01, batch_02, batch_03, or batch_replicates).xlsm. Macros in the workbook (“GS_MoM_Arithmetic,” "GS_statistics," and "sedimentname") were run to calculate grain-size classification and statistical analyses and finish processing the data. Sample, navigation, and field identifiers, along with continuous phi class distribution data, grain-size classification, and statistical analysis results were copied and pasted into the final Microsoft Excel spreadsheet (JO01_GS-LD_results.xlsx). The processed data were quality control checked and assigned a quality grade based on the examination of the analytical data. Processed data were released to the submitter and incorporated into the laboratory's database. All raw analytical data generated by the samples were archived in the sediment analysis laboratory. Person who carried out this activity:
    Brian Buczkowski
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Lab Manager
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    (508) 548-8700 x2310 (voice)
    bbuczkowski@usgs.gov
    Date: Sep-2023 (process 4 of 8)
    Grain size data were reprocessed in September 2023 as part of a corrective action taken after an issue was identified in the Microsoft Excel data processing workbook (version 1.0) used to calculate grain size statistics and phi class distributions from raw data obtained from the Sediment Lab's Horiba LA-960 laser diffraction unit. Data coming from the instrument and weights recorded from sieving were not faulty. An error was found in a formula embedded in the workbook that translates data originally formatted in columns into rows. There are 96 bins of particle size distribution information recorded for each sample run on the instrument. The error resulted in a shifting of data by one bin (the values in bin number one in the column of data coming from the machine were translated into the position for bin number 2 in the corresponding row, and so on). Overall, the resulting data coming from version 1.0 of the processing workbook are affected by a slight shift in grainsize distribution. This error in the formula was corrected in September 2023 and a new version of the workbook (version 2.1) was generated and approved for use in the Sediment Lab. In addition, labeling for the logarithmic d10, d25, d75 and d90 headings was updated. Note the differing order of these values between Logarithmic and Arithmetic Method of Moments statistics. All affected grain size datasets using data from the laser diffraction unit have been reprocessed, reviewed, and prepared for release.
    Date: Nov-2023 (process 5 of 8)
    Carbon content loss-on-ignition (CC-LOI) samples data with Sample_ID containing "CC") were taken from samples submitted to the Sediment Laboratory and placed into pre-weighed aluminum dishes. Samples were weighed after drying in oven at 100 degrees Celsius for at least 24 hours. The dry sample was powdered pulverized by hand. Five grams of dry powder were transferred to a pre-weighed ceramic crucible.
    Date: Nov-2023 (process 6 of 8)
    Filled crucibles were heated in a muffle furnace for LOI using a modified method outlined by Dean (1974). Crucibles were heated to 550 degrees Celsius for 3 hours, cooled, and weighed. Weight differential after the first heating step is assigned to loss of organic matter. Person who carried out this activity:
    Laboratory Manager
    U.S. Geological Survey
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    US

    508-548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    gs-wh_sedlab@usgs.gov
    Date: Dec-2023 (process 7 of 8)
    The updated results from the laser diffraction (JO01_GS-LD_results.xlsx) and loss on ignition (J01_LOI_results.xlsx) are provided but were also saved as CSV files. Files have the FA number and location added to the front of the file name (2022034FA_NCB). The CSV file column headers of the las diffraction data were also edited to be lowercase and modified slightly to facilitate readability. The laser diffraction CSV file does not have the first row of the excel file that labels columns U-AC as “Methods of Moments Statistics – Logarithmic (phi)”, columns AD-AL as “Methods of Moments Statistics – Arithmetic (micrometers)”, and columns AM-BH as “Distribution (phi)”. Modifications to the laser diffraction CSV headers not related to capitalization or changing spaces to underscores include T_DEPTH to T_Depth_cm, B_DEPTH to B_Depth_cm, DATE_COLLECTED to Collection_date, ANALYSIS COMPLETION DATE to Analysis_date, WEIGHT to Weight_g, CLASSIFICATION (SHEPARD) to Classification, MEDIAN (D50) to D50, and QA/QC COMMENTS to Comments. Additional changes include adding _Phi to the headers in columns U-AC, adding _um to the headers in columns AD-AL, and all minus signs were replaced with M. Person who carried out this activity:
    Jin-Si R. Over
    U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geographer
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2297 (voice)
    jover@usgs.gov
    Date: 22-Jan-2024 (process 8 of 8)
    Corrected the spelling of an author name 20240122. Person who carried out this activity:
    VeeAnn A. Cross
    U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Marine Geologist
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Laboratory analyses were conducted at the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Sediment Laboratory using a HORIBA LA-960 laser diffraction size analyzer with manufacturer guaranteed accuracy of +/- 0.6%. The performance of every HORIBA LA-960 laser diffraction unit is verified with National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) traceable mono- and polydisperse size standards. Due to rounding, the sum of the aggregate class percentages (e.g., GRAVEL, SAND, etc.) and the sum of the phi fraction percentages (e.g., Phi_16, Phi_15, etc.) may not always add up to exactly 100.000%.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Horizontal position was determined using a Garmin GPSMAP 78sc handheld GPS. The expected absolute, horizontal accuracy is stated to be 3 to 5 m at the 95% confidence level using the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) setting. Additional sources of error in the position for the water sample locations are caused by the offset from the GPS and the exact location of the grab sampler at the time the sample was taken, which could be as large as 2 m; therefore, overall expected accuracy of the reported horizontal position for these water sample locations is on the order of 7 m or better.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    Elevations were taken from the bathymetry data and digital surface models available in the larger work citation using the horizontal positions of the Garmin. Due to the large horizontal error the actual vertical position extracted from the data may not be where the sample was taken but is accurate to less than a meter.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    All samples collected were analyzed. Grab samples were the only ones analyzed for organics.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Samples were stored in a refrigerated and dark location until analyzed in the laboratory on the HORIBA LA-960 laser diffraction size analyzer and combustion oven as described in the process steps below. Note that for the logarithmic statistics the range domain maximum is the minimum grain size even though it is the larger number.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None.
Use_Constraints Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
    Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
    Denver, CO
    United States

    1-888-275-8747 (voice)
    sciencebase@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? This dataset contains grain-size and organics analysis of sediment samples collected on North Core Banks in October 2022.
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein.
  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 22-Jan-2024
Metadata author:
Jin-Si R. Over
U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Geographer
U.S. Geological Survey
Woods Hole, MA

508-548-8700 x2297 (voice)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS.
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/SB_data_release/DR_P99IV3FC/2022034FA_NCB_SedimentSamples_meta.faq.html>
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