Jin-Si R. Over 20230725 1.0 raster data release DOI:10.5066/P99ST3LT Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program https://doi.org/10.5066/P99ST3LT https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/648b75efd34ef77fcafe6952 Jin-Si R. Over Chris R. Sherwood Peter A. Traykovski 2023 1.0 digital files data release DOI:10.5066/P99ST3LT Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Suggested citation: Over, J.R., Sherwood, C.R., and Traykovski, P.A., 2023, Topographic and bathymetric data, structure from motion imagery, and ground control data collected at Marconi Beach, Wellfleet, Massachusetts in March 2023, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2023-012-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P99ST3LT. https://doi.org/10.5066/P99ST3LT https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/648b539cd34ef77fcafe6850 The data in this release re-map the beach and nearshore environment at Marconi Beach in Wellfleet, MA and provide updated environmental context for the 2021 CoastCam installation that looks out at the coast shared by beachgoers, shorebirds, seals, and sharks. This is related to the field activity 2022-014-FA and a collaboration with the National Park Service at Cape Cod National Seashore to monitor the region that falls within the field of view of CoastCam CACO-02, which are two video cameras aimed at the beach. In March 2023, U.S. Geological Survey and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (WHOI) scientists conducted field surveys to collect topographic and bathymetric data. Images of the beach for use in structure-from-motion were taken with a camera (SONY a6000) and a post-processed kinematic (PPK) system attached to a helium powered balloon-kite (Helikite). High-precision GPS targets (AeroPoints) and numbered black and white tarps were used as ground control points. Bathymetry was collected in the nearshore using a single-beam echosounder mounted on a surf capable self-righting electric autonomous surface vehicle. Agisoft Metashape (v. 1.8.1) was used to create a digital surface model and orthomosaic with the collected imagery. These data may be used as a high-resolution elevation dataset of Marconi Beach to observe conditions and change over time and to validate the CoastCam. For more information about the WHCMSC Field Activity, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2023-012-FA. 20230322 ground condition; one day of data collection on March 22, 2023 Complete Not planned -69.96464619 -69.96203712 41.89611822 41.89082964 None U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program CMHRP Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center WHCMSC shoreline Helikite Agisoft Metashape Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords aerial and satellite photography USGS Thesaurus remote sensing digital elevation models structure from motion geospatial datasets ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation oceans location elevation USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:648b75efd34ef77fcafe6952 Common geographic areas United States Massachusetts Wellfleet Cape Cod Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Marconi Beach None Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Jin-Si R. Over U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Geographer mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Rd.

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2297 jover@usgs.gov https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/648b75efd34ef77fcafe6952?name=2023-012-FA_Marconi_DSM_browse.JPG&allowOpen=true Elevation relative to NAVD88-colored image of topography JPEG Agisoft Metashape 1.8.1 Jin-Si R. Over Chris R. Sherwood Peter A. Traykovski Marie K. Bartlett 2022 data release DOI:10.5066/P9L1KCQB Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey This publication is the latest survey data of Marconi Beach from 2022. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9L1KCQB Jin-Si R. Over Chris R. Sherwood Peter A. Traykovski Eric E. Marsjanik 2021 data release DOI:10.5066/P9POZ9VH Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey This publication is the survey data of Marconi Beach from 2021. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9POZ9VH The positional information used on the Helikite and ground control point (GCP) datasets and metadata are available in the imagery and navigational components of the larger work citation. No color corrections were applied. GCP error in the Metashape project is used to assess overall error in the product. There is one orthomosaic of Marconi Beach created from imagery in the larger work citation, the extent is greater than that of the digital surface model (DSM) in the larger citation because it includes water and edges that do not photogrammetrically reconstruct. The structure-from-motion process that builds the DSM and then the orthomosaic uses all the available imagery and location information at the start, however data holes may appear due to lack of interpolation. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Navigation information was acquired from a GNSS receiver (EMLID Reach M2) in PPK mode with a multi-band GNSS antenna that has a theoretical horizontal accuracy of 2 cm. However, using these values in Metashape returned a poor product so the accuracy was loosened to 10 cm and unchecked as positional control points to accommodate the unknown horizontal offset of the GPS to the camera and to rely more on the GCPs, see GCP metadata for more details. The horizontal RMSE of the GCPs was xy: 0.021, 0.020 (m). The final product was compared to the previous survey at Marconi Beach (see third cross-reference) and DSMs align at stable features. The location information was acquired from a GNSS receiver (EMLID Reach M2) in PPK mode with a Multi-band GNSS antenna and hot shoe adapter with an estimated vertical accuracy of 5 cm. However, using these values in Metashape returned a poor product so the accuracy was loosened to 10 cm to rely more on the ground control points, see GCP metadata for more details. The total vertical RMSE of the GCPs was 0.051 m. The final product was compared to the previous survey at Marconi Beach (see cross-reference) and the z differences at stable points were within 10 cm. DSM was created in Agisoft Metashape v. 1.8.1 using the following general steps (see Over and others, 2021): 1. Project was created with imagery (located in larger work citation 2023012FA_Marconi_f1.zip) and position (located in larger work citation 2023012FA_Marconi_f1_photolocations.csv) data brought in using the NAD83(2011)/UTM19N and NAVD88 datums. A 0.15 m GNSS/IPS offset in the z direction was used to represent the approximate offset of the GNSS mount and camera on the Helikite. Photos were aligned at a low accuracy and then GCPs were automatically detected in the point cloud. Ten GCPs (2023012FA_Marconi_nav_GCPs.csv) were located. 2. GCP horizontal and vertical accuracy was set 0.02/0.05 m and accuracies for the camera positions were set to 0.10 m. The photos were re-aligned with high accuracy (the pixels are not subsampled for increased processing speed) using a keypoint limit of 40,000 and unlimited tie points. 3. Metashape software refined and optimized, using least squares, the camera positions, GCPs, and lens model using gradual selection and optimization parameters of: Reprojection uncertainty = 15, Projection accuracy = 4, and Reprojection error = 0.3 to minimize the distance between the measured points and the software created points (see Over and others, (2021) for a detailed discussion on these parameters). 4. A dense point cloud was generated using high-quality (images are not subsampled) and a low frequency filtering algorithm. The dense point cloud was then edited by hand to remove erroneous points before generating a digital surface model without interpolation (the software refers to all models as "elevation models", but a surface model includes vegetation/canopy returns whereas a terrain model would be only bare earth returns). 5. The digital surface model was then exported from the software at a resolution of 10 cm in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 19N and NAVD88 (m) 202304 Jin-Si R. Over U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Geographer mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Rd

Woods Hole MA 02543 508-548-8700 x2297 jover@usgs.gov Raster Pixel 5850 2100 Universal Transverse Mercator 19 0.999600 -69.000000 0.000000 500000.000000 0.000000 row and column 0.001 0.001 meters North American Datum of 1983 (National Spatial Reference System 2011) GRS_1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 0.001 meters Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates 2023-012-FA_Marconi_DSM_UTM19N_NAVD88_10cm.tif A raster dataset with encoded elevation values of Marconi Beach in Wellfleet, MA on March 22, 2023. Pixel resolution is 10 cm. USGS Value Surface elevation orthometric height NAVD88 (m) using Geoid 2018 in NAD83(2011) UTM Zone 19N producer defined -999 No data Producer-defined 1.124 24.891 meters Pixels represent elevation in meters relative to North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). The filename is formatted as "2023-012-FA_Marconi_DSM_UTM19N_NAVD88_10cm.tif", where 2023012 is the USGS Field activity ID, location is Marconi, DSM is Digital Surface Model, UTM19N_NAVD88 is the coordinate reference system, and 10cm indicates the resolution of the grid. USGS Field Activity 2023-012-FA U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov GeoTIFF file 2023-012-FA_Marconi_DSM_UTM19N_NAVD88_10cm.tif is a 32-bit floating point digital surface model (DSM). Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. GeoTIFF 1.0.0 32-bit floating point GeoTIFF format 22.82 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/648b75efd34ef77fcafe6952 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/648b75efd34ef77fcafe6952 https://doi.org/10.5066/P99ST3LT The first link in the list above is to directly download all the data on the page, the second link is to the child page, and the third link is the doi to the main publication. none GIS software capable of reading a GeoTIFF. 20230725 Jin-Si R. Over U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Geographer mailing and physical

U.S. Geological Survey

384 Woods Hole Rd.

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2297 whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time