Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 20221101 Title: Multibeam backscatter data collected in the eastern Gulf of Alaska during USGS Field Activity 2016-625-FA using a Reson 7160 multibeam echosounder (10 meter resolution, 8-bit GeoTIFF, UTM 8 WGS 84, WGS 84 Ellipsoid) Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9BTWEXK Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BTWEXK Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5d949c8fe4b0c4f70d0dbbdd Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Brian D. Andrews Originator: Daniel S. Brothers Originator: Uri S. ten Brink Originator: Jared W. Kluesner Originator: Peter J. Haeussler Originator: Robert M. Wyland Originator: Jackson E. Currie Publication_Date: 2022 Title: Multibeam bathymetric and backscatter data collected in the eastern Gulf of Alaska along the Queen Charlotte Fault, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2016-625-FA Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9BTWEXK Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Andrews, B.D., Brothers, D.S., ten Brink, U.S., Kluesner, J.W., Haeussler, P.J., Wyland, R.M., and Currie, J.E., 2022, Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data collected in the eastern Gulf of Alaska along the Queen Charlotte Fault, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2016-625-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/P9BTWEXK Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BTWEXK Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5d8cb824e4b0c4f70d0c7c74 Description: Abstract: Marine geophysical mapping of the Queen Charlotte Fault in the eastern Gulf of Alaska was conducted in 2016 as part of a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game to understand the morphology and subsurface geology of the entire Queen Charlotte system. The Queen Charlotte fault is the offshore portion of the Queen Charlotte-Fairweather Fault: a major structural feature that extends more than 1,200 kilometers from the Fairweather Range of southern Alaska to northern Vancouver Island, Canada. The data published in this data release were collected along the Queen Charlotte Fault between Cross Sound and Noyes Canyon, offshore southeastern Alaska from May 18 to June 11, 2016. Data were collected aboard the Alaska Department of Fish and Game research vessel Medeia using a Reson SeaBat 7160 multibeam echosounder. This data release contains approximately 453 square kilometers of multibeam bathymetric and backscatter data gridded at 10-meter resolution. Multibeam water column imagery and seismic profile data also collected during this survey are not published in this data release Purpose: The purpose of this image is to provide a mosaic of time-series backscatter data of a portion of the Queen Charlotte Fault and adjacent seafloor. Our goals included determining how fast the two sides of the fault move past each other (slip rate) and deciphering the historical movement of the fault. We also want to better understand how large earthquakes might trigger potentially dangerous underwater landslides. Supplemental_Information: The R/V Medeia owned and operated by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (AKDFG) was mobilized in her homeport of Juneau, AK May 12-15, 2016. Once mobilized the vessel transited to the northern section of the survey area in Cross Sound via the Icy Strait. The survey area covered 453 square kilometers from Cross Sound in the north, to Noyes Canyon in the south and was subdivided into 6 general "Blocks" to facilitate data processing and management. Each Block was 60-75 kms long and approximately 10-12 kms wide. Additional information on the field activity is available from: Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-625-FA USGS Soundwaves Monthly Newsletter: https://archive.usgs.gov/archive/sites/soundwaves.usgs.gov/2017/02/index.html Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20160518 Ending_Date: 20160611 Currentness_Reference: Data were collected on the following dates: 20160522-20160528 (Julian days 142-149, 20160530-20160611 (Julian days 151-163). No data were collected 20160529 (Julian day 150) during crew change in Sitka AK. Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -136.785623 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -134.360391 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 58.001067 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 55.045738 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: Alaska Department of Fish and Game Theme_Keyword: ADFG Theme_Keyword: TerraSond Theme_Keyword: backscatter Theme_Keyword: time-series Theme_Keyword: multibeam Theme_Keyword: Reson 7160 Theme_Keyword: seafloor Theme_Keyword: R/V Medeia Theme_Keyword: GeoTIFF Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: Oceans Theme_Keyword: GeoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: ImageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: multibeam sonar Theme_Keyword: bathymetry Theme_Keyword: geology Theme_Keyword: geophysics Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:5d949c8fe4b0c4f70d0dbbdd Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Place_Keyword: United States of America Place_Keyword: Pacific Ocean Place_Keyword: North Pacific Ocean Place_Keyword: Gulf of Alaska Place_Keyword: Cross Sound Place_Keyword: Icy Point Place_Keyword: Chichagof Island Place_Keyword: Baranof Island Place_Keyword: Chatham Strait Place_Keyword: Noyes Canyon Place_Keyword: Heceta Knoll Place_Keyword: Baranof Fan Place_Keyword: Queen Charlotte Fault Place_Keyword: Yakobi Sea Valley Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Stratum_Keyword: sea floor Stratum_Keyword: seafloor Stratum_Keyword: Land surface Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Temporal_Keyword: 2016 Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely re-distributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. These data are not to be used for navigation. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Brian D. Andrews Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5d949c8fe4b0c4f70d0dbbdd?name=2016_625_FA_Reson7160_Backscatter_10m_browse.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: quick view image of 10-m backscatter mosaic of Queen Charlotte Fault area, Eastern Gulf of Alaska. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Set_Credit: Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Data was collected aboard Alaska Department of Fish and Game’s R/V Medeia and would not be possible without the support of vessel crew members Jim deLa Bruere, Craig Conger, Cedar Stark, and Becky Wilson. Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: This GeoTIFF mosaic represents processed Reson 7160 multibeam echosounder (MBES) time-series backscatter data gridded at 10-m resolution. Quality control and data processing conducted to remove spurious points and reduce sound speed artifacts (refraction) using Computer Aided Resource Information System (CARIS) Hydrographic Information Processing System (HIPS v. 9.1.1). Completeness_Report: This mosaic does not include all the data collected during this survey. Portions of cross and transit lines are not included. Three lines inshore (149_010_0003, 149_010_0049, 149_112_0533) collected in Whale Bay, Baranof Island, during heavy weather offshore are not included in this grid. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The horizontal accuracy of these data is +/- 1.05 meters as reported by subcontractor TerraSond Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Vertical accuracy of the raw data based on system specifications may be approximately 1 percent of water depth (ranging from 1 to 21.4 meters based on the water depth range of 100 meters to approximately 2137 meters within the survey area). The Applanix Wavemaster POS MV Attitude and Positioning system, used to correct for vessel roll, pitch, heave, and yaw, has a theoretical vertical accuracy of a few mm. Post-Processed Kinematic (PPK) GPS height corrections (from Applanix POSPac smoothed best estimate of trajectory (SBET) files) were used to reference soundings to the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84) ellipsoid and remove fluctuations in sea surface elevations during the survey. 120 sound speed profiles acquired using either a RapidSV or RapidCTD sound velocity profiler were used during processing to minimize acoustic refraction artifacts in the bathymetry data. An expendable bathythermograph (XBT) was used to sample speed of sound in deeper waters. Changes in vessel draft due to water and fuel usage were not considered. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Alicia F. Balster-Gee Originator: Brian D. Andrews Originator: Daniel S. Brothers Originator: Uri S. ten Brink Originator: Jared W. Kluesner Originator: Peter J. Haeussler Publication_Date: 2017 Title: Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data and multichannel sparker seismic-reflection data between Cross Sound and Dixon Entrance, offshore southeastern Alaska, collected from 2016-05-17 to 2016-06-12 during field activity 2016-625-FA Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7NG4PTW Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NG4PTW Type_of_Source_Media: disc Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20160517 Ending_Date: 20160612 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: RAW RESON 7160 MULTIBEAM ECHOSOUNDER FILES (.raw, s7k, HSX) Source_Contribution: Sonar Configuration: Bathymetry data were collected using a Reson SeaBat 7160 multibeam echosounder operating at a frequency of 44 kHz. The sonar transducer was mounted from the starboard side of the R/V Medeia about 2 meters below the waterline. Vessel attitude was recorded using an Applanix POS MV 320 V5 to provide attitude and positioning that was mounted on the centerline of the vessel. Data were collected using the Reson 7k Control Center and HYPACK (v. 2016). Speed of sound was recorded at 5-8 hour intervals using a Oceanscience RapidCAST SV system mounted on the starboard quarter. Navigation was recorded using Differential Global Positioning System and a Hemisphere MBX-4 GPS receivers mounted above the bridge. Process_Step: Process_Description: STEP 1: DATA ACQUISITION multibeam bathymetry data were collected along the Queen Charlotte fault in southeast Alaska using a Reson SeaBat 7160 multibeam sonar operating at a frequency of 44 kHz that was mounted on wing-mount from the starboard side of the R/V Medeia owned and operated by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game. The sonar collected depth, backscatter (time series), and water column data along approximately 4178 kilometers of survey lines oriented parallel with the gradient of the continental shelf west of Chichagof and Baranof islands in southeast Alaska. Data were collected using the Reson 7k Control Center and HYPACK (v. 2016). TerraSond LLC of Seattle Washington was responsible for leasing, mobilizing and operating all equipment related to the Reson 7160. Doug MacGillivray and David Maggio of TerraSond were in charge of all multibeam data acquisition. The contact person for this and all subsequent processing steps below is Brian D. Andrews. Process_Date: 201605 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: .Raw, s7k, 7k, HSX Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Brian D. Andrews Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 ext. 2348 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: STEP 2: IMPORT RAW BATHYMETRY FILES TO CARIS HIPS. Multibeam bathymetry processing within CARIS HIPS (v. 9.1.1) during the survey consisted of the following flow: 1) Vessel configuration file was created in CARIS (RVMedeia.hvf) which includes, linear and angular installation offsets and vendor specified uncertainty values for each of the survey sensors. 2) A CARIS HIPS project (v. 9.1.1) was created with projection information set to Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 8N, WGS 84. 3) Each survey line was recorded to both a Reson .s7k, and a Hypack (v. 2016) .HSX, .RAW, and .7k files. The Hypack .HSX files were imported to the new CARIS project using the Import/Conversion Wizard. 4) Delayed heave data from raw POS MV files were used to update HIPS survey lines using the import auxiliary data function. 5) Navigation was reviewed and edited as needed using the Navigation Editor tool. 6) Sound velocity correction was applied using the CARIS algorithm, a master SVP file containing all the sound velocity profiles collected during the survey and specifying the nearest in distance method, delayed heave source, and use surface sound speed. 7) Data were merged selecting "no tide" and the delayed heave source. 8) Total Propagated Uncertainty (TPU) was calculated for each line file using the manufacturer's offset values in the vessel configuration file. 9) A 10-m resolution depth surface was created using the Combined Uncertainty Bathymetric Estimator (CUBE) method for each of the six blocks. Surfaces were reviewed for inconsistencies and anomalies. The swath and subset editors were used to remove spurious points through manual editing and filter application, and the refraction editor was used to adjust sound speed values in areas where velocimeter data did not adequately correct depth profiles, which were obviously influenced by local anomalies in speed of sound through the water column. 10) Survey lines adjusted for refraction anomalies were remerged, and the respective CUBE surfaces were recomputed to reflect the changes. Processing during the survey was primarily focused on QA/QC during acquisition. Editing processes required trial and error, and were at times iterative. Process_Date: 201605 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: CARIS HIPS line files. Process_Step: Process_Description: STEP 3: APPLY POST PROCESSED SBET FILES AND EDIT SOUNDINGS. Vessel attitude data were processed using PosPac (v. 7.2) after the final ephemeris data were available 2 weeks after completion of the survey. 1) Post-processed navigation, vessel attitude, and GPS height data from POSPac SBET files, and post-processed RMS attitude error data from POSPac smrmsg files were used to update HIPS survey lines using the import auxiliary data function. 2) Navigation source was set to Applanix SBET, and navigation was reviewed and edited as needed using the Navigation Editor tool. 3) GPS tide was computed using the post-processed delayed heave data, the vessel water line, and a single datum value of 0 m (vertically referencing the data to the WGS 84 Ellipsoid) 4) Sound velocity correction was reapplied using the CARIS algorithm, the master SVP file containing all the sound velocity profiles collected during the survey and specifying the nearest in time method, delayed heave source, and use surface sound speed. 5) Data were remerged selecting the GPS tide and delayed heave sources. 6) New CUBE surfaces were created for each of the 6 survey blocks and interpolated to fill small "no data" gaps. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Processed sbet files(.000) Process_Date: 201610 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: CARIS line files Process_Step: Process_Description: STEP 4: IMPORT RESON 7K AND HIPS PAIRS TO FMGT Backscatter mosaic was created using QPS Fledermaus GeoCoder Toolbox-FMGT (v.7.7.3) processing software. Raw 7k files containing the time series values were paired with the HIPS line files containing the corrected depth data to create a 10-m resolution time-series backscatter mosaic that followed the steps below: 1) Create new FMGT project for each of the 6 general blocks of the survey area using the UTM 8N, WGS 84 coordinate system. 2) Set processing parameters for Reson Seabat 7160 Focused MBES. 3) Added source/paired files using the Reson 7k files for the backscatter and the "processed depth" files from the HIPS line file directory. 4) Created 10-m time series mosaics of each of the 6 general blocks covering the survey area. Once these were reviewed for quality a final 10-m mosaic of the entire survey area was created. 5) Exported the FMGT mosaic to 8-bit unsigned gray-scale GeoTIFF (2016-625-FA_Reson7160_Backscatter_10m.tiff). Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 7k, HIPS processed depths files Process_Date: 20170317 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 2016-625-FA_Reson7160_Backscatter_10m.tif Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 14338 Column_Count: 32770 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 8 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -135.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 10.000000 Ordinate_Resolution: 10.000000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The GeoTIFF is a 8-bit image where the pixel values correspond to relative acoustic reflectance of the seafloor. No Data value is zero. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: FileName.zip: ZIP file contains the 8-bit GeoTIFF (2016-625-FA_Reson7160_Backscatter_10m.tif), 2016-625-FA_Reson7160_Backscatter_10mBrowse.jpg browse graphic, and the associated FGDC CSDGM metadata in XML, HTML, FAQ, and text formats. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF Format_Version_Number: QPS FMGT (v.7.7.3) Format_Specification: GeoTIFF image Format_Information_Content: This WinZip (v. 14.0) file contains a GeoTIFF of Queen Charlotte Fault Area and metadata. File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip or pkUnzip Transfer_Size: 41 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5d949c8fe4b0c4f70d0dbbdd Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5d949c8fe4b0c4f70d0dbbdd Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BTWEXK Access_Instructions: The network resource directs to a landing page where the zip file containing the data can be downloaded. Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: To utilize this data, the user must have software capable of reading a 32-bit GeoTIFF. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20221101 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Brian D. Andrews Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time