U.S. Geological Survey
20210422
Multibeam backscatter data collected in Little Egg Inlet and offshore the southern end of Long Beach Island, NJ, during USGS Field Activity 2018-001-FA, using a dual-head Reson T20-P multibeam echo sounder
1.0
raster digital data
data release
DOI:10.5066/P9C3J33K
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C3J33K
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5f5f97c982ce3550e3bff260
Seth D. Ackerman
Walter A. Barnhardt
Charles R. Worley
Alex R. Nichols
Wayne E. Baldwin
Steve Evert
2021
High-resolution geophysical and geological data collected in Little Egg Inlet and offshore the southern end of Long Beach Island, NJ, during USGS Field Activities 2018-001-FA and 2018-049-FA
1.0
data release
DOI:10.5066/P9C3J33K
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
Suggested citation: Ackerman, S.D., Barnhardt, W.A., Worley, C.R., Nichols, A.R., Baldwin, W.E., and Evert, S., 2021, High-resolution geophysical and geological data collected in Little Egg Inlet and offshore the southern end of Long Beach Island, NJ, during USGS Field Activities 2018-001-FA and 2018-049-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C3J33K.
https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C3J33K
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5ea2f05c82cefae35a192715
The natural resiliency of the New Jersey barrier island system, and the efficacy of management efforts to reduce vulnerability, depends on the ability of the system to recover and maintain equilibrium in response to storms and persistent coastal change. This resiliency is largely dependent on the availability of sand in the beach system. In an effort to better understand the system's sand budget and processes in which this system evolves, high-resolution geophysical mapping of the sea floor in Little Egg Inlet and along the southern end of Long Beach Island near Beach Haven, New Jersey was conducted from May 31 to June 10, 2018, followed by a sea floor sampling survey conducted from October 22 to 23, 2018, as part of a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey and Stockton University. Multibeam echo sounder bathymetry and backscatter data were collected along 741 kilometers of tracklines (approximately 200 square kilometers) of the coastal sea floor to regionally define its depth and morphology, as well as the type and distribution of sea-floor sediments. Six hundred ninety-two kilometers of seismic-reflection profile data were also collected to define the thickness and structure of sediment deposits in the inlet and offshore. These new data will help inform future management decisions that affect the natural and recreational resources of the area around and offshore of Little Egg Inlet. These mapping surveys provide high-quality data needed to build scientific knowledge of the evolution and behavior of the New Jersey barrier island system.
This multibeam backscatter mosaic will be used in conjunction with other geophysical and sample data to investigate the morphology and geologic framework of the sea floor and coastal environment.
Additional information on the field activities associated with this project are available at https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2018-001-FA and https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2018-049-FA.
20180531
20180610
ground condition during field activity 2018-001-FA: 20180531-20180610
None planned.
-74.475121
-74.194351
39.567800
39.376256
None
U.S. Geological Survey
USGS
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
WHCMSC
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
CMHRP
Department of the Interior
DOI
Stockton University
field activity number 2018-001-FA
field activity number 2018-049-FA
R/V Petrel
GeoTIFF
multibeam echo sounder
multibeam bathymetry
multibeam backscatter
Reson
T20P
bathymetry
backscatter
Marine Geology
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
geoscientificInformation
imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
USGS Thesaurus
multibeam sonar
sea-floor acoustic reflectivity
bathymetry
marine geophysics
marine geology
USGS Metadata Identifier
USGS:5f5f97c982ce3550e3bff260
None
United States of America
New Jersey
Little Egg Inlet
Beach Haven
Long Beach Island
Holgate
Forsythe Wildlife Refuge
None
sea floor
seafloor
None
2018
none
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely distributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.
Seth Ackerman
U.S. Geological Survey
Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2315
508-457-2310
sackerman@usgs.gov
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5f5f97c982ce3550e3bff260/?name=2018-001-FA_T20P_Backscatter_2m_browse.jpg
Thumbnail image of 2-m multibeam echo sounder backscatter data collected offshore of Long Beach Island, NJ.
JPEG
This backscatter mosaic represents processed dual-head Reson T20-P multibeam echo sounder (MBES) time series data gridded at 2-m resolution. Quality control and data processing were conducted to remove spurious points and reduce sound speed artifacts (refraction) using Computer Aided Resource Information System (CARIS) Hydrographic Information Processing System (HIPS; version 10.4.1) and QPS FMGT (version 7.7.5). Despite this processing, small areas of vessel motion and refraction artifacts remain in the data. Small "no data" gaps exist throughout the dataset. These are the result of editing the artifacts and, in some areas, eliminating low quality soundings. In addition, gaps exist in shallow areas where underwater obstructions created hazards for the safe navigation of the survey vessel.
While navigation and attitude data in the backscatter data and coincident bathymetry data (see larger work citation https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C3J33K) are identical the extents of the processed bathymetry grid and backscatter mosaic differs slightly due to differences in processing. Cross lines, collected to check tide corrections in bathymetry data and to provide dip angle seismic profile data, were not added to this final bathymetric surface.
The only multibeam-sonar data collected on 20180531 (May 31, Julian day 151) was the sonar patch test, used to calibrate any attitude offsets for the bathymetry data, therefore no backscatter from this day was processed. Also, no data were collected on 20180603 (June 3; Julian day 154) due to rough sea-state. Cross-line data collected on the final day of the survey were not included in this final bathymetric surface.
Navigation data were acquired using the WGS 84 coordinate system with an Applanix POS MV Wavemaster (model 220, V5), which blends Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) with acceleration data from a Motion Reference Unit (MRU) and GPS azimuthal heading. The POS MV was configured with two AeroAntenna Technologies GPS antennas located at either end of a 2-m baseline, which was oriented fore and aft and mounted atop the MBES pole, approximately midships on the starboard side of vessel. DGPS positions were obtained from the primary antenna located on the forward end of the baseline, and the positional offsets between the antenna and the navigational reference point (the POS MV IMU) were accounted for in the Applanix POSView (version 8.60) acquisition software. DGPS positions are horizontally accurate to 0.5 - 2 meters, but accuracy can increase to less than 10 cm after post-processing with Applanix POSPac (version 8.1).
U.S. Geological Survey
Unpublished Material
raw MBES data in s7k format
digital data
disc
20180531
20180610
ground condition
Reson T20P multibeam echo sounder raw bathymetry and backscatter
Multibeam echo sounder (MBES) bathymetry and backscatter data were collected using dual-head Reson T20-P sonars. The pair of mills cross transmit and receive arrays were mounted side-by-side within a bracket that oriented them at opposing 30-degree angles (relative to horizontal). The bracket was pole-mounted on the starboard side of the R/V Petrel so that the sonar arrays were oriented athwart ships (primary and secondary arrays facing outward and down to port and starboard, respectively) and located approximately 1.235 m below the waterline when deployed. Vessel navigation and attitude data were acquired using an Applanix POS MV Wavemaster (model 220, V5) configured with two AeroAntenna Technologies GPS antennas located at either end of a 2-m baseline, which was oriented fore and aft and mounted atop the MBES pole approximately midships on the starboard side of vessel, and the wetpod MRU mounted atop the sonar bracket just aft of the pole. An AML Micro X SV mounted on the sonar bracket monitored sound speed near the sonars during acquisition, and an ODIM MVP30 moving vessel profiler (MVP), mounted on the stern, was used to collect water column sound speed profiles at 1 to 2 hour intervals while underway (See shapefile 2018-001-FA_MVP_data.shp available from the larger work citation). The Reson SeaBat User Interface (version 5.0.0.6) was used to control the sonars, which were operated in intermediate mode at full power (220 db), with frequency-modulated pulses between 200 to 300 kHz. The range of the 1024 across track beams formed by the sonars were adjusted manually depending on water depth, and resulted in combined swath widths of 60 to 200 meters or typically 3 to 6 times the water depth. Data were monitored and recorded using the Reson SeaBat User Interface (UI) (version 5.0.0.6) and Hypack/Hysweep (version 2017, 17.1.3.0). The SeaBat User Interface logged the navigation, attitude, bathymetry, time-series backscatter, and water column data to s7k format files for each sonar. The line files were created by the Reson UI using the following naming convention: YYYYMMDD_HHMMSS_M/S. The line files were appended with a "M" and "S" suffix to denote the port (primary) "M" and "S" starboard (or secondary) sonar heads. HYSWEEP also was used to log the navigation, attitude, and bathymetry data for both sonars to a single HSX format file. The Reson SeaBat User Interface s7k data were used to produce the final processed backscatter mosaic and bathymetry grid.
PROCESSING STEP 1: CARIS HIPS DATA PROCESSING.
Multibeam bathymetry processing within CARIS HIPS (version 10.4.1) during the survey consisted of the following flow:
1) Vessel configuration files were created in CARIS for the port ("M"=main, or primary) and starboard ("S"=secondary) sonars (Petrel_dual_T20P_s7k_M.hvf, and Petrel_dual_T20P_s7k_S.hvf) which included relevant, linear and angular installation offsets for each T20-P unit as well as vendor specified uncertainty values for each of the survey sensors.
2) A CARIS HIPS project (version 10.4.1) was created with projection information set to Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 18N, WGS 84. Separate HIPS projects were created for the Port (M), and Starboard (S) line files using the two vessel configuration files in #1 above.
3) Each Reson s7k file (M and S) were imported to the new CARIS projects (M and S respectively) using the Import/Conversion Wizard.
4) Delayed heave data from raw POS MV files were used to update HIPS survey lines using the import auxiliary data function.
5) Navigation was reviewed and edited as needed using the Navigation Editor tool.
6) Sound velocity correction was applied using the CARIS algorithm, a master SVP file containing all the sound velocity profiles collected during the survey and specifying the nearest in distance method, delayed heave source, and use surface sound speed.
7) Data were merged selecting no tide and the delayed heave source.
8) 4-m resolution Swath Angle Weighted (SWATH) surfaces were created to incorporate all the files (M and S) as they were processed, and the SWATH surfaces were reviewed for inconsistencies and anomalies.
9) The swath and subset editors were used to remove spurious points through manual editing and filter application, and the refraction editor was used to adjust sound speed values in areas where sound velocity data did not adequately correct depth profiles, which were obviously influenced by local anomalies in speed of sound through the water column.
10) Survey lines adjusted for refraction anomalies were remerged, and the respective SWATH surfaces were recomputed to reflect the changes. Processing during the survey was primarily focused on QA/QC during acquisition. Editing processes did require trial and error and were at times iterative. The contact person for this and all subsequent processing steps below is Seth Ackerman.
201809
Seth Ackerman
U.S. Geological Survey
Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2315
508-457-2310
sackerman@usgs.gov
PROCESSING STEP 2: APPLY POST PROCESSED SBET FILES AND EDIT SOUNDINGS.
Post-survey processing within CARIS HIPS (version 10.4.1) consisted of the following flow:
1) Post-processed navigation, vessel attitude, and GPS height data from POSPac SBET files, and post-processed RMS attitude error data from POSPac smrmsg files were used to update HIPS survey lines using the import auxiliary data function.
2) Navigation source was set to Applanix SBET, and navigation was reviewed and edited as needed using the Navigation Editor tool.
3) GPS tide was computed using delayed heave data, the vessel water line, and a single datum value of 0 m (vertically referencing the data to the WGS 84 Ellipsoid).
4) Sound velocity correction was reapplied using the CARIS algorithm, the master SVP file containing all the sound velocity profiles collected during the survey and specifying the nearest in distance method, delayed heave source, and use surface sound speed.
5) Data were remerged selecting the GPS tide and delayed heave sources.
6) Each survey line was exported from CARIS HIPS in GSF format for pairing with the raw s7k files in QPS FMGT (see next step).
202005
PROCESSING STEP 3: QPS FMGT PROCESSING
Backscatter mosaics were created using QPS FMGT (v. 7.7.5) processing software. Raw s7k files containing the time series values, were paired with the GSF data exported from each HIPS survey line file containing the depth data to create a two-meter resolution time series backscatter mosaic that followed the steps below.
1) Create new FMGT project for the New Jersey survey using UTM 18N, WGS 84 coordinate system.
2) Set processing parameters for T20-P Sonar (defaults)
3) Set filter method to flat 300
4) Add source/paired files using the s7k for the backscatter files, and the "processed.depth" files from the HIPS line file directory. All the s7k and HIPS files were added by Julian day. Once the line files were added to the project a two-meter draft mosaic was created using the "time-series" as the backscatter source for each Julian day for review.
5) Final two-meter mosaics were created for groupings of survey lines (inshore, offshore, inlet, etc) and visually reviewed for inconsistencies or anomalies. Individual line files were moved to up or down in the mosaic order to increase quality if needed. The "Backscatter Adjustment" tool was used to increase or decrease intensity of individual lines as required to match adjacent lines.
6) The resulting mosaics were exported out of QPS FMGT as 8-bit gray-scale GeoTIFFs.
202006
PROCESSING STEP 4: MERGING GEOTIFF MOSAICS
Using Global Mapper (version 19.0), the individual GeoTIFFs were exported as a single 8-bit gray-scale GeoTIFF.
202007
Raster
Grid Cell
10541
11998
1
Universal Transverse Mercator
18
0.9996
-75
0
500000
0
row and column
2.0
2.0
meters
WGS_1984
WGS_84
6378137.0
298.257223563
Acoustic reflectance values of the nearshore sea floor off southern Long Beach Island, New Jersey. No data value = 0.
U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
U.S. Geological Survey
mailing address
Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
Denver
CO
80225
United States
1-888-275-8747
sciencebase@usgs.gov
Multibeam backscatter data collected off southern Long Beach Island, New Jersey during USGS Field Activity 2018-001-FA, using a dual-head Reson T20-P multibeam echo sounder: includes the GeoTIFF image 2018-001-FA_T20P_Backscatter_2m.tif, world file 2018-001-FA_T20P_Backscatter_2m.tfw, browse graphic 2018-001-FA_T20P_Backscatter_2m_browse.jpg, and Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM) metadata files (2018-001-FA_T20P_Backscatter_2m_meta.xml)
Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
GeoTIFF
Global Mapper (version 19)
8-bit GeoTIFF file
GeoTIFF image file derived from MBES backscatter data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey - Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center during survey 2018-001-FA and the associated metadata.
Use any zip decompression utility (e.g. 7zip, Keka, WinZip)
253
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5f5f97c982ce3550e3bff260
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5f5f97c982ce3550e3bff260
https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C3J33K
The first link is to the page containing the data. The second is a direct link to download all data available from the page as a zip file. The final link is to the publication landing page. The data page (first link) may have additional data access options, including web services.
WMS
Image of 2018-001-FA_T20P_Backscatter_2m.tif provided through a WMS (web mapping service).
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/5f5f97c982ce3550e3bff260?service=wms&request=getcapabilities&version=1.3.0
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5f5f97c982ce3550e3bff260
https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C3J33K
The first link in the network resources accesses the data through a mapping service, the second is to the page containing the data, and the third link is to the publication landing page.
none
To utilize these data, the user must have software capable of viewing GeoTIFF files.
20210422
Seth Ackerman
U.S. Geological Survey
Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2315
508-457-2310
sackerman@usgs.gov
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998
local time