Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 20210602 Title: Post-Hurricane Florence Digital Elevation Models of coastal North Carolina Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data (GeoTIFF) Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9CA3D8P Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CA3D8P Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6037d8fbd34eb12031175191 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Andrew C. Ritchie Originator: Jin-Si R. Over Originator: Christine J. Kranenburg Originator: Jenna A. Brown Originator: Daniel Buscombe Originator: Christopher R. Sherwood Originator: Jonathan A. Warrick Originator: Phillipe A. Wernette Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Aerial Photogrammetry Data and Products of the North Carolina Coast: 2018-10-06 to 2018-10-08, Post-Hurricane Florence Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital files Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9CA3D8P Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: suggested citation: Ritchie, A.C., Over, J.R., Kranenburg, C.J., Brown, J.A., Buscombe, D., Sherwood, C.R., Warrick, J.A., and Wernette, P.A, 2021. Aerial Photogrammetry Data and Products of the North Carolina Coast—2018-10-06 to 2018-10-08, Post-Hurricane Florence: U.S Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CA3D8P Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CA3D8P Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6037c855d34eb120311750ee Description: Abstract: This data release presents structure-from-motion (SFM) products derived from aerial imagery surveys with precise Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) navigation data flown in a piloted fixed wing aircraft taken along the North Carolina coast in response to Hurricane Florence (available here https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P91KB9SF/). USGS researchers use the elevation models and orthorectified imagery to assess future coastal vulnerability, nesting habitats for wildlife, and provide data for hurricane impact models. The products span the coast over both highly developed towns and natural areas, including federal lands. These products represent the coast after Hurricane Florence and cover the Cape Fear area, North Carolina to the Virginia border vicinity from October 6-8, 2018. This research is part of the Remote Sensing Coastal Change Project. Purpose: The digital elevation models (DEMs) estimate the land surface after Hurricane Florence and were created to document interannual changes in shoreline position and coastal morphology in response to storm events using aerial imagery collections and a structure-from-motion (SFM) workflow. These data are intended for science researchers, students, policy makers, and the general public. These data can be used with geographic information systems or other software to identify topographic and shallow-water bathymetric features. Supplemental_Information: The raw imagery and navigation data used to produce the DEMs are available online at https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P91KB9SF/. Bounding coordinates are derived from the overall flight path and are not necessarily representative of individual DEM bounds which are split up along the coast to have more accessible data download sizes. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20181006 Ending_Date: 20181008 Currentness_Reference: ground condition, data was collected on three days: October 6, 7, and 8 of 2018. Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Not planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -78.1859 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.4576 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.2213 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.8365 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Hurricane Florence Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: digital elevation models Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme_Keyword: geomorphology Theme_Keyword: structure from motion Theme_Keyword: hurricanes Theme_Keyword: earth sciences Theme_Keyword: geography Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:6037d8fbd34eb12031175191 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: United States of America Place_Keyword: Virginia Place_Keyword: North Carolina Place_Keyword: Outer Banks Place_Keyword: Cape Hatteras National Seashore Place_Keyword: Cape Lookout National Seashore Place_Keyword: Cape Fear Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Andrew C Ritchie Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHWEST REGION Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7454 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aritchie@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6037d8fbd34eb12031175191?name=DEM_example_BrowseImage.jpg&allowOpen=true Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Example height-colored digital elevation model example image from 2018-10-07. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Set_Credit: Data collection was funded by the U.S Geological Survey. Data acquisition was conducted by Wayne Wright LLC. Data processing was done by the U.S Geological Survey. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 10, Agisoft Metashape Professional version 1.6.5, gdal version 3.1.4. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Jin-Si R. Over Originator: Andrew C. Ritchie Originator: Christine Kranenburg Originator: Jennifer (Jenna) A. Brown Originator: Daniel Buscombe Originator: Tom Noble Originator: Christopher R. Sherwood Originator: Jonathan Warrick Originator: Phillipe Wernette Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Processing coastal imagery with Agisoft Metashape Professional Edition, version 1.6—Structure from motion workflow documentation Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2021-1039 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: This publication includes the general methodology for processing imagery in Metashape to produce DEMs and ortho products. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211039 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The source imagery and positional information and metadata that were used to create these photogrammetrically derived digital elevation models are available here: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P91KB9SF/ Information on the horizontal and vertical accuracies of the source data can be found within the data release metadata. Logical_Consistency_Report: The dense cloud was edited (see processing steps) to remove erroneous points from the surface before constructing the elevation model. All data fall into expected ranges except for points near tall buildings, areas of poorer image overlap, and near to offshore of the waterline, where the data return is often sparse, noisy, and erroneous. The DEM includes returns from the vegetation canopy. Completeness_Report: These products cover the coast from near Duck to near Oak Island, North Carolina. Of the 37,497 raw images used in the SFM process 35,920 images were left after alignment and error reduction processes to create these DEMs. The final DEM products are not interpolated and have been cropped to remove noise and zones of high uncertainty in the foreshore, offshore, and near clustered buildings, therefore the DEMs do not cover the same exact extent as the associated orthorectified products available in this larger work citation. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The horizontal positional accuracy was evaluated against 21 of the 34 independent photo-identifiable ground control points measured with survey-grade GPS (Brown and others, 2021 - see citation below in lineage for additional accuracy report) but 20 (#'s 5, 6, 8, 12-16, 18-20, 22, 24, 26-29, 31, and 33) were used as check points and only 1 control point (#32) from the Outer Banks and the post-processed kinematic (PPK) camera positions (Kranenburg and others, 2020 - see citation below in lineage for additional accuracy report) were used to create the final DEM products. As reported by the software Agisoft Metashape Professional, the SFM project after alignment that creates the DEMs had an overall GCP control point horizontal root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 5.18 cm and the total camera position horizontal RMSE was 25.19 cm. The horizontal accuracy for each individual DEM is reported in the Digital Forms section. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The vertical positional accuracy was evaluated against 21 of the 34 independent photo-identifiable ground control points measured with survey-grade GPS (Brown and others, 2021 - see citation below in lineage for additional accuracy report) but 20 (#'s 5, 6, 8, 12-16, 18-20, 22, 24, 26-29, 31, and 33) were used as check points and only 1 control point (#32) from the Outer Banks and the post-processed kinematic (PPK) camera positions (Kranenburg and others, 2020 - see citation below in lineage for additional accuracy report) were used to create the final DEM products. As reported by the software Agisoft Metashape Professional, the SFM project after alignment has an overall GCP control point vertical root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 24.63 cm and the total camera position vertical RMSE was 11.20 cm. The vertical accuracy for each individual DEM after alignment and error reduction and is reported in the Digital Forms section. The digital elevation models were also compared to a published joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of eXpertise (JALBTCX) dataset with first returns (that include vegetation) flown specifically after Hurricane Florence (available from https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/57345) and the overall vertical differences are within the estimated vertical accuracy of the lidar (19.6 centimeters). Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Christine Kranenburg Originator: Andrew C Ritchie Originator: Brown, Jennifer (Jenna) A Originator: Jin-Si R Over Originator: Daniel Buscombe Originator: Christopher R Sherwood Originator: Jonathan Warrick Originator: Phillipe A Wernette Publication_Date: 2020 Title: Post-Hurricane Florence Aerial Imagery: Cape Fear to Duck, North Carolina, October 6-8, 2018 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: dataset Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/p91kb9sf Type_of_Source_Media: Digital Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20181006 Ending_Date: 20181008 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Aerial Imagery Source_Contribution: The data in this release are used to make SFM products. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Jennifer (Jenna) A. Brown Originator: Christopher R. Sherwood Originator: Marinna Martini Originator: Christine J. Kranenburg Originator: Jin-Si R. Over Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Ground Control Point Data from the Outer Banks, North Carolina, post-Hurricane Dorian, September 2019 Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DVZC23 Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20190924 Ending_Date: 20190925 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ground Control Points Source_Contribution: The Ground Control Points are used in the SFM process. Process_Step: Process_Description: On a workstation (AMD Threadripper 3960X /AsRock TRX40 Creator motherboard/256GB 3000MHz RAM) using Win10x64, all Aerial Imagery (and associated positional data) and 21 of 34 available Ground Control Points were brought into an Agisoft Metashape Pro (v. 1.6.5) project based on identification in the imagery. Only one ground control point, #34, was used as a control point to help 'lock' in the camera positions whereas the rest of the points were used as check points. See the Aerial Imagery citation metadata for Metashape Reference Settings inputs. To align in a 4D manner (see Sherwood and others, 2018) additional imagery and positions were added from 2019-08-30, 2019-09-02, 2019-09-08, 2019-09-12, and 2019-09-13 (see contact person below for imagery data, in publication prep). The additional imagery improves the horizontal and vertical accuracy but are not used past this initial alignment process step; similar products can be reproduced without them. The following steps were performed on the Metashape project in the geographic coordinate system NAD83(2011) in ellipsoid height following the general guidance of Over and others (2021): 1. Separate camera models and camera groups were created for each flight date. 2. Imagery (with positions) are aligned to create a point cloud using a 'High' alignment setting, keypoint limit of 70,000, tiepoint limit of 0, generic preselection selected, and reference preselection via source selected. The tiepoint accuracy was set to 1 pixel. 3. The resultant point cloud was filtered using one iteration of the 'Reconstruction uncertainty' filter at a level of 10, one iteration of the 'Projection accuracy' filter at a level of 3, and two iterations of the 'Reprojection accuracy' filer at a level of 0.3 (in the second iteration the 'fit additional corrections' option was turned on). With each filter iteration points are selected, deleted, and then the camera model optimized to refine the focal length, cx, cy, k1, k2, k3, p1, and p2 camera model coefficients. 4. Natural breaks in the final alignment product were identified based on bodies of water or the extreme northern and southern ends of a flight (see PostFlorence_InletMap.jpg on the larger citation landing page https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6037cc78d34eb1203117512d). These 'chunks' are the vicinity of the Virginia-North Carolina border (VA is used to denote this northern extent) to Oregon Inlet, Oregon Inlet to Hattaras Inlet, Hattaras Inlet to Ocracoke Inlet, Ocracoke Inlet to Ophelia Inlet, Ophelia Inlet to Beaufort Inlet, Beaufort Inlet to Bogue Inlet, Bogue Inlet to New River Inlet, and New River Inlet to Oak Island. For each chunk all aligned images and associated tie points in that section were kept and the remainder deleted. Sherwood, C.R., Warrick, J.A., Hill, A.D., Ritchie, A.C., Andrews, B.D. and Plant, N.G., 2018. Rapid, remote assessment of Hurricane Matthew impacts using four-dimensional structure-from-motion photogrammetry. Journal of Coastal Research, 34(6), pp.1303-1316. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Aerial Imagery Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Ground Control Points Process_Date: 202101 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Andrew C Ritchie Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHWEST REGION Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7454 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aritchie@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: From the previous process step, each 'chunk' is processed as follows to create the final DEM products for each flight date: 1. All imagery from October 6, 7, and 8 in the aligned chunk is copied from the workstation to a new Agisoft Metashape Pro. project on the U.S Geological Survey Tallgrass high-performance computing network for processing on CPU and GPU nodes (https://www.usgs.gov/core-science-systems/sas/arc/machine-access). 2. If multiple flight dates were flown for this chunk, imagery from one date is targeted, and the rest are disabled (this is then switched for each flight date in the chunk after the final step and steps 3- repeated) 3. A high quality dense point cloud is generated for the chunk with 'mild' filtering and the options to calculate point color and point confidence selected. 4. Dense point cloud is filtered using the 'Filter by Confidence' tool using the range 0-2, these points selected at this range are classified as low noise. 5. A DEM is built from the dense point cloud with interpolation disabled and without the points classified as low noise. 6. DEM is exported in NAD83(2011) UTM Zone 18N and NAVD88(meters) with 1 meter cell size and region boundaries rounded to the nearest 10 meter interval. West and south bounds are rounded up and east and north bounds are rounded down. 7. DEM is clipped by a shapefile in ArcMap (v. 10.7.1) to remove high uncertainty regions near waterlines. Uncertainty is visualized using a hillshade of the DEM with an elevation factor of 5 and an additional filter that highlights areas with a high standard deviation away from the overall elevation values. The shapefile is created and edited by hand with help from the corresponding orthorectified product. 8. Final clipped DEM is turned into a Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) using gdal_translate with the following command:for %i in (.\*.tif) do gdal_translate %i .\cog\%~ni_cog.tif -of COG -stats -co BLOCKSIZE=256 -co COMPRESS=LZW -co PREDICTOR=YES -co NUM_THREADS=ALL_CPUS -co BIGTIFF=YES (v. 3.1.4 accessed October 20, 2020 https://gdal.org/). Where i is the name of each geoTIFF section. Process_Date: 202102 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Andrew C Ritchie Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHWEST REGION Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7454 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aritchie@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The title of the sciencebase page was changed from "Digital Elevation Models" to "Post-Hurricane Florence Digital Elevation Models of coastal North Carolina". The keyword "Hurricane Florence" was added to the None Theasaurus. The broken browse graphic link was fixed. Added doi link to the network address. Updated the metadata contact email to the Woods Hole Data contact in the event the person is no longer with the USGS. Process_Date: 20220718 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jin-Si R. Over Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1258 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2297 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jover@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 18 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -69.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1 Ordinate_Resolution: 1 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: NAD83_National_Spatial_Reference_System_2011 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Pixels represent elevation in meters relative to NAVD88, the no-data value is -99999. There are 15 DEM 32-bit floating point cloud optimized GeoTIFFs. The filename for each DEM is formatted as "date_location_to_location_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif", where date is the date the images were collected (in YYYYMMDD format), location_to_location is the specific geographic location in North Carolina of the northern extent to the southern extent (for example Beaufort_Inlet_to_Bogue_Inlet), 1m indicates the resolution of the grid, UTM18N_NAVD88 denotes the horizontal and vertical reference systems, and cog denotes the product is a cloud optimized GeoTIFF. The horizontal projection is in NAD83(2011) UTM Zone 18N for all DEMs, even though one of the sections is partially in Zone 17N. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - Sciencebase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: The 15 DEM cloud optimized GeoTIFFS are available in 1-m resolution stored with LZW compression and represent the coast of North Carolina after Hurricane Florence on October 6, 7, and 8, 2018. The first file from north to south on October 6, 2018 is 20181006_VA_to_Oregon_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (160MB), the horizontal RMSE is 33.907 cm and the vertical RMSE is 10.370 cm. The second file from north to south on October 6, 2018 is 20181006_Oregon_Inlet_to_Hatteras_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (230MB), the horizontal RMSE is 32.508 cm and the vertical RMSE is 19.330 cm. The third file from north to south on October 6, 2018 is 20181006_Hatteras_Inlet_to_Ocracoke_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (66MB), the horizontal RMSE is 116.566 cm and the vertical RMSE is 13.251 cm. The fourth file from north to south on October 6, 2018 is 20181006_Ocracoke_Inlet_Ophelia_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (99MB), the horizontal RMSE is 27.577 cm and the vertical RMSE is 11.818 cm. The fifth and last file from north to south on October 6, 2018 is 20181006_Ophelia_Inlet_to_Beaufort_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (80MB), the horizontal RMSE is 29.775 cm and the vertical RMSE is 17.485 cm. The first file from north to south on October 7, 2018 is 20181007_Oregon_Inlet_to_Hatteras_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (40MB), the horizontal RMSE is 7.714 cm and the vertical RMSE is 6.959 cm. The second file from north to south on October 7, 2018 is 20181007_Hatteras_Inlet_to_Ocracoke_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (57MB), the horizontal RMSE is 9.153 cm and the vertical RMSE is 5.990 cm. The third file from north to south on October 7, 2018 is 20181007_Ocracoke_Inlet_Ophelia_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (138MB), the horizontal RMSE is 9.969 cm and the vertical RMSE is 5.794 cm. The fourth file from north to south on October 7, 2018 is 20181007_Ophelia_Inlet_to_Beaufort_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (119MB), the horizontal RMSE is 9.905 cm and the vertical RMSE is 6.632 cm. The fifth file from north to south on October 7, 2018 is 20181007_Beaufort_Inlet_to_Bogue_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (62MB), the horizontal RMSE is 8.920 cm and the vertical RMSE is 5.710 cm. The sixth file from north to south on October 7, 2018 is 20181007_Bogue_Inlet_to_New_River_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (43MB), the horizontal RMSE is 7.158 cm and the vertical RMSE is 8.297 cm. The seventh and last file from north to south on October 7, 2018 is 20181007_New_River_Inlet_Oak_Island_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (488MB), the horizontal RMSE is 9.990 cm and the vertical RMSE is 7.172 cm. The first file from north to south on October 8, 2018 is 20181008_VA_to_Oregon_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (154MB), the horizontal RMSE is 11.223 cm and the vertical RMSE is 7.264 cm. The second file from north to south on October 8, 2018 is 20181008_Oregon_Inlet_to_Hatteras_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (224MB), the horizontal RMSE is 10.244 cm and the vertical RMSE is 7.867 cm. The third and last file from north to south on October 8, 2018 is 20181008_Hatteras_Inlet_to_Ocracoke_Inlet_1m_UTM18N_NAVD88_cog.tif (60MB), the horizontal RMSE is 10.812 cm and the vertical RMSE is 6.498 cm. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF Format_Information_Content: Cloud optimized 32-bit floating point 1-m GeoTIFFs stored with LZW compression. File_Decompression_Technique: none Transfer_Size: 1100 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6037d8fbd34eb12031175191 Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6037c855d34eb120311750ee Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6037d8fbd34eb12031175191 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CA3D8P Access_Instructions: The first link is to download all the DEM data into one zip file, the second is the landing page for the data release, the third to the page with all the Hurricane Florence DEMs where they can be downloaded individually, and the fourth is the doi. Fees: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20220720 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jin-Si Over Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2297 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998