Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Kate V. Ackerman Originator: Zafer Defne Originator: Neil K. Ganju Publication_Date: 20240129 Title: Conceptual marsh units of Maine salt marshes Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital dataset (polygon) Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9FRGLB0 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FRGLB0 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/657b3ea5d34e952b2274bb2f Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Kate V. Ackerman Originator: Zafer Defne Originator: Neil K. Ganju Publication_Date: 2024 Title: Geospatial characterization of salt marshes in Maine Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9FRGLB0 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Ackerman, K.V., Defne, Z., and Ganju, N.K., 2024, Geospatial characterization of salt marshes in Maine: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FRGLB0. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FRGLB0 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/657b3ac7d34e952b2274ba98 Description: Abstract: This data release contains coastal wetland synthesis products for the state of Maine. Metrics for resiliency, including the unvegetated to vegetated ratio (UVVR), marsh elevation, tidal range, and lifespan, are calculated for smaller units delineated from a digital elevation model, providing the spatial variability of physical factors that influence wetland health. The U.S. Geological Survey has been expanding national assessment of coastal change hazards and forecast products to coastal wetlands with the intent of providing federal, state, and local managers with tools to estimate the vulnerability and ecosystem service potential of these wetlands. For this purpose, the response and resilience of coastal wetlands to physical factors need to be assessed in terms of the ensuing change to their vulnerability and ecosystem services. Purpose: The purpose of this shapefile is to show the conceptual marsh units as well as the vegetated and unvegetated components of each. These polygons were created to be used in evaluating the spatial variation of the response and resiliency of salt marsh complexes based on consistently defined marsh units while facilitating a better understanding of the relative importance of the processes involved. The salt marshes of Maine were delineated to smaller, conceptual marsh units by the geoprocessing of surface elevation data. Flow accumulation based on the relative elevation of each location is used to determine the ridge lines that separate each marsh unit while the surface slope is used to automatically assign each unit a drainage point where water is expected to drain through. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2024 Currentness_Reference: Publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.828578 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -66.984779 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 45.096044 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.069179 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters Theme_Keyword: environment Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme_Keyword: wetland ecosystems Theme_Keyword: wetland functions Theme_Keyword: coastal ecosystems Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: vegetation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: salt marsh Theme_Keyword: marsh health Theme_Keyword: estuary Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:657b3ea5d34e952b2274bb2f Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Maine Place_Keyword: Acadia National Park Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: These polygons are defined for scientific research purposes and should not be used as a sole source of reference for any regulations and policy making. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the source of this information. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Kate V. Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2331 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kackerman@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/657b3ea5d34e952b2274bb2f/?name=CMU_ME_Browse.png&allowOpen=true Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Graphic that shows the conceptual marsh units of Maine salt marshes. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PNG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 10; Esri ArcGIS Pro (version 2.8.8) Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Marsh units and water and land boundaries inherit their accuracy from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetland Inventory (USFWS NWI). However, the lineage of the source data indicates that the underlying data span multiple years and the mapped features may have changed since the date of imagery. In conjunction with the NWI boundaries, the Maine Natural Areas Program (MNAP) tidal marshes boundaries were used to delineate marshes throughout Maine. Accuracy of marsh unit delineation depends on the vertical and horizontal accuracy of the elevation data (ME DEM). Accuracy of the vegetated and unvegetated polygons is based on the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) products from 2018 and 2021 (0.6-meter resolution). Any vegetated or unvegetated polygons less than 9 square meters were merged with the surrounding majority class unless they are at the edge of a marsh unit. When creating marsh units, conterminous polygons smaller than 900 square meters were merged with the larger polygon of the same type. Logical_Consistency_Report: Topological errors that occurred during geoprocessing were automatically removed by the topological rules used for the analysis. The polygons were checked for correct geometry and do not overlap. Small polygons (less than 9 square meters) were assumed to be marginal and were assigned the classification from the surrounding majority value. Completeness_Report: The marsh polygons are bound to the borders of Maine's estuarine intertidal areas that include: 1) emergent wetlands, 2) scrub-shrub areas, 3) rooted vascular aquatic beds, 4) organic unconsolidated shores, and 5) channels of open water that are narrower than 10 meters. Occasionally, marsh units are retained in this dataset even though the imagery displayed extreme change (e.g., partially or completely converted to water) from the NWI wetland delineation (e.g., marsh units 2345, 3745). In a few areas, there are no marsh units where there is visible marsh plain (e.g., northwest of marsh unit 1824), because the areas are classified in the NWI as estuarine subtidal unconsolidated shore, which is not included as salt marsh in this analysis. In a few locations, there may be areas that that are classified as unvegetated but are in fact very sparsely vegetated. A detailed on-the-ground analysis of a single site may result in a different interpretation of the wetland and marsh unit boundaries than those established through this analysis. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal accuracy is inherited from the digital elevation model (ME DEM). Vegetated and unvegetated polygons were based on the 0.6-meter resolution NAIP imagery. Although the analyses were performed at 1-meter resolution, the horizontal accuracy is superseded by NAIP imagery accuracy which is +/-6 meters. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Because the elevation values are averaged over delineated polygons, vertical accuracy depends on both the horizontal accuracy of the NWI dataset and the vertical accuracy of the source elevation dataset (1-meter ME DEM). The vertical accuracy is inherited from the source elevation dataset; it is reported to be 0.98 meters. No additional accuracy assessment of the vertical accuracy has been conducted. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2023 Title: 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) Edition: First Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital dataset Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: These data were published on multiple dates between March 2020 and March 2023. Downloaded 1-meter DEM. Projection was NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). Multiple download dates between 2/28/2023 and 9/12/2023. Online_Linkage: https://apps.nationalmap.gov/downloader/ Type_of_Source_Media: Digital Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20190101 Ending_Date: 20211231 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: ME DEM Source_Contribution: Elevation dataset Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2011 Title: National Elevation Dataset (NED) Edition: First Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital dataset Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Downloaded 1/9 arc-second DEM for a few very small areas not covered by the 1-meter DEM. The data is distributed in geographic coordinates (NAD83), referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). Download date was 9/12/2023. Online_Linkage: https://apps.nationalmap.gov/downloader/ Type_of_Source_Media: Digital Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20101024 Ending_Date: 20101201 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: ME DEM 2 Source_Contribution: Elevation dataset Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Department of Agriculture Publication_Date: 2018 Title: NAIP Digital Ortho Photo Image Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Salt Lake City, Utah Publisher: USDA-FSA-APFO Aerial Photography Field Office Other_Citation_Details: Downloaded NAIP 4-band, 0.6-meter resolution imagery from the USGS Earth Explorer. Projection was NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N. Download date was 04/01/2022. Online_Linkage: https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov Type_of_Source_Media: Digital Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2018 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NAIP 2018 Source_Contribution: Aerial imagery dataset Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Department of Agriculture Publication_Date: 2021 Title: NAIP Digital Ortho Photo Image Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Salt Lake City, Utah Publisher: USDA-FSA-APFO Aerial Photography Field Office Other_Citation_Details: Downloaded NAIP 4-band, 0.6-meter resolution imagery from the USGS Earth Explorer. Projection was NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N. Download date was 04/01/2022. Online_Linkage: https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov Type_of_Source_Media: Digital Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2021 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NAIP 2021 Source_Contribution: Aerial imagery dataset Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Publication_Date: 20220501 Title: National Wetland Inventory Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital dataset (polygon) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Madison, WI Publisher: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Other_Citation_Details: Downloaded wetlands data for Maine in shapefile format from the NWI download page. Projection was NAD 1983 Albers. Download date was 09/23/2022. Online_Linkage: https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/data/Data-Download.html Type_of_Source_Media: Digital Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2022 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NWI Source_Contribution: Wetlands dataset Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry Publication_Date: 2014 Title: Maine Natural Areas Program Tidal Marshes Map Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital dataset (polygon) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Augusta, ME Publisher: Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry Other_Citation_Details: Downloaded 2014 tidal marsh layer in shapefile format. Projection was NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N. Download date was 05/01/2022. Online_Linkage: https://www.maine.gov/dacf/mnap/assistance/tidal_marshes.htm Type_of_Source_Media: Digital Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2014 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: MNAP Source_Contribution: Tidal wetland boundaries Process_Step: Process_Description: This process step and all subsequent process steps were performed by the same person, Kate Ackerman, in ArcGIS Pro (ver. 2.8.8), unless otherwise stated. For simple operations the name of the geoprocessing tool used is given in capital letters; for complex operations, the name of the geoprocessing tool used is given in capital letters and any critical parameters used are given in parentheses, separated by a semicolon, immediately after the tool name. The input and output file names are provided in [square brackets] when necessary. Units for length and area calculations are meters (m) and square meters unless otherwise stated. a) Set the data frame coordinate system and projection to NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N. b) Prepare elevation dataset. Combine all downloaded tiles into one raster, using MOSAIC TO NEW RASTER, and PROJECT RASTER to NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N. c) Create a polygon that covers the area of interest [extent.shp]. CLIP the mosaicked elevation dataset created in step (b) by [extent.shp] to create [elev_mosaic.tif]. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: ME DEM Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: ME DEM 2 Process_Date: 2023 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: elev_mosaic.tif Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Kate Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2331 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kackerman@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: This process step creates two mask polygons to define analysis boundaries over the area of interest. In order to account for the possible influence of the surrounding terrain on the analysis, a mask area larger than the salt marsh extent is created [UVVR_mask.shp]. This larger mask area is clipped to the boundaries of the salt marsh area to create [MU_mask.shp]. This process step explains how [UVVR_mask.shp] and [MU_mask.shp] are created and edited to determine which interior polygons are removed. a) Create a shapefile of the salt marshes as defined by NWI. From the NWI dataset of all wetlands for the area (referred to as [NWI_entire.shp]), select estuarine intertidal areas of 1) emergent wetland, 2) scrub-shrub area, 3) rooted vascular aquatic bed, and 4) organic unconsolidated shore classes (SELECT (ATTRIBUTE LIKE 'E2%EM%' OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE 'E2AB3%' OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE 'E2EM%' OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE 'E2SS%' OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE 'E2US4%'). EXPORT features (in the same coordinate system as the data frame) to create [NWI_exclusive_select.shp]. In some areas, erroneous line features were eliminated or modified to allow the salt marsh extent to be consistent with imagery. b) Create the preliminary masks that will be edited in the subsequent steps to make the final masks. BUFFER salt marsh classes (Input features=[NWI_exclusive_select.shp]; Linear unit=5 meters; Dissolve type=All) to obtain the mask polygon [buff5m.shp] and ELIMINATE POLYGON PART (Input features= [buff5m.shp]; Condition=Percentage; Percentage=99; Eliminate contained part only) to remove small interior polygons to obtain [UVVR_mask01.shp]. Apply BUFFER (Input features=[UVVR_mask01.shp]; Linear unit= -5 meters; Dissolve type= All) to obtain [MU_mask01.shp]. c) Create a shapefile of features that are not estuarine or are forested estuarine (SELECT (ATTRIBUTE NOT LIKE 'E%' OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE '%FO')) from the NWI dataset. EXPORT features to create [NWI_inclusive_select.shp]. MULTIPART TO SINGLEPART to separate individual polygons [NWI_inclusive_single.shp]. d) To exclude the voids in the NWI map during the analysis, these interior polygons need to be removed from the mask. ERASE [NWI_exclusive_select.shp] from [extent.shp] and MULTIPART TO SINGLEPART to get [NWI_exc_voids_single.shp]. To create the final mask shapefiles ([MU_mask.shp] and [UVVR_mask.shp]), areas that should not be included are removed (e.g., forest areas), and areas that should be included are incorporated (estuarine and marine wetland systems that are completely surrounded by salt marsh (e.g., interior ponds)): e)SELECT BY LOCATION from [NWI_inclusive_single.shp] that are completely within the [MU_mask01.shp] and SELECT BY LOCATION from [NWI_exc_voids_single.shp] that are completely within the [MU_mask01.shp]. UNION all feature sets to get polygons to be excluded [erase_inside.shp] from the final masks. f) Spatially join the [NWI_entire.shp] to [erase_inside.shp] in order to assign wetland attributes to the [erase_inside.shp] polygons. SPATIAL JOIN (target features= [erase_inside.shp]; join features= [NWI_entire.shp]; output feature class= [erase_inside_NWI_info.shp]; join operation= one to one; keep all target features; match option= intersect; search radius= -1 m). g) Select the polygons that are marine or non-forested estuarine wetlands from [erase_inside_NWI_info.shp]: SELECT (ATTRIBUTE LIKE 'E1%' OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE 'E2AB%' OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE 'E2RF%' OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE 'E2SB%' OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE 'E2RS%' OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE 'E2US%' OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE 'E2EM%' OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE ‘E2SS%’ OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE ‘M1%’ OR ATTRIBUTE LIKE ‘M2%) to select all marine systems, estuarine subtidal systems, estuarine intertidal areas of aquatic bed, reef, streambed, rocky shore, unconsolidated shore, emergent, or scrub-shrub [erase_inside_keepIntPonds.shp]. h) Remove the polygons from [erase_inside_NWI_info.shp] that should be retained (these are the interior ponds): ERASE (input feature= [erase_inside_NWI_info.shp]; erase feature= [erase_inside_keepIntPonds.shp]; output feature= [erase_inside_final.shp]). i) If any additional polygons need to be removed from the mask, include them in a new feature layer [erase_mask_manual.shp] and MERGE with [erase_inside_final.shp]. j) Remove any unwanted polygons from the original [MU_mask01.shp] to make the final [MU_Mask.shp]: ERASE (input feature= [MU_mask01.shp]; erase feature= [erase_inside_final.shp]; output feature= [MU_mask.shp]). k) Use the MNAP tidal marsh boundaries to refine, and in some cases, replace polygons in [MU_mask.shp] that are not consistent with aerial imagery. l) BUFFER [MU_mask.shp] by 5m (side type= full; end type= round; method: geodesic; dissolve type: single feature) to obtain [UVVR_mask.shp]. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NWI Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: MNAP Process_Date: 2023 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: MU_mask.shp Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: UVVR_mask.shp Process_Step: Process_Description: Define preliminary boundaries for marsh units by basin analysis: a) EXTRACT BY MASK from elevation dataset [elev_mosaic.tif] using [UVVR_mask.shp] polygon. b) FILL (no Z limit) sinks in extracted elevation raster. c) Calculate FLOW DIRECTION (do not force edge cells to flow outward) raster. d) Calculate BASIN based on flow direction raster [basin_buff5m.tif]. e) Apply MAJORITY FILTER (Number of neighbors=8) to clean the raster [basin_buff5m.tif] and convert RASTER TO POLYGON [basin_b5m_poly.shp]. Create a 1-meter buffered marsh units mask [MU_mask_buff1m.shp] and use this to CLIP the polygon to create [basin_b5m_polyclip.shp]. This additional buffer is necessary to prevent any polygon smoothing algorithm from changing the exterior boundaries and will be removed by clipping to the [MU_mask.shp] later. Using [basin_b5m_polyclip.shp] as the input, MULTIPART TO SINGLEPART and ADD GEOMETRY ATTRIBUTES (Geometry properties=Area_geodesic; Area unit=Square_meters) to get [basin_single.shp]. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: elev_mosaic.tif Process_Date: 2023 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: basin_single.shp Process_Step: Process_Description: This step merges the "orphan marsh units" (units that are smaller than 5000 square meters) to the nearest "parent marsh units" (units that are larger than 5000 square meters) to obtain the preliminary marsh units. A Python script that iteratively calls a list of ArcGIS tools to aggregate orphan units on parent units is used. a) Create orphan marsh unit features by exporting marsh units from [basin_single.shp] with an area less than 5000 square meters [inputfeatures.shp]. b) Create parent marsh unit features by exporting marsh units with an area greater than or equal to 5000 square meters [nearfeatures.shp]. c) Run Python script (hydUnitloop.py). At each iteration step, the script uses the NEAR tool to find orphan marsh units within 1 meter of a parent marsh unit and merges them to the parent using UNION and DISSOLVE tools. The orphan units merged with a parent unit are removed from the orphan units dataset. The script will iterate until there is no change in the number of parent or orphan marsh units. The remaining orphan marsh units are those that are more than 1 meter away from any parent. DISSOLVE them to create larger orphan units by grouping the orphans attached together. MULTIPART TO SINGLEPART to have single part polygons with unique identifiers. UNION (with gaps) single part features with parent units to obtain preliminary marsh units [pMUopt1.shp]. SMOOTH POLYGON (Smoothing algorithm=PAEK; Smoothing tolerance=15 meters) to get the smoothed marsh units polygon [pMUopt1_smooth.shp]. d) CLIP the extra buffer around the smoothed marsh units using the marsh units mask [MU_mask.shp]. If this results in any additional marsh units with an area less than 5000 square meters, DISSOLVE into the nearest parent units repeating the same steps above to obtain [pMUopt1_clip_final.shp]. e) Compute the final marsh units by removing any artifacts from [pMuOpt1_clip_final.shp] using ELIMINATE and REPAIR GEOMETRY tools. ELIMINATE (Expression="Area_geo" less than 900; Eliminating by border) polygon slivers smaller than 900 square meters by merging them to the main polygon. MULTIPART TO SINGLEPART to get conceptual marsh units [CMU.shp]. This only applies to polygons that are bordering other polygons. Polygons that are not bordering other polygons are not affected as those are more likely to be real features as opposed to geoprocessing artifacts. To [CMU.shp], ADD FIELD “FID_CMU” and CALCULATE FIELD as FID_CMU= FID x 1. Delete fields from [CMU.shp] so that only area_geo and FID_CMU remain. REPAIR GEOMETRY of [CMU.shp]. f) DISSOLVE the conceptual marsh units to get the final outlines for the marsh complex [CMU_mask_final.shp]. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: basin_single.shp Process_Date: 2023 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: CMU_mask_final.shp Process_Step: Process_Description: Determine the vegetated and unvegetated areas by image processing. a) MOSAIC TO NEW RASTER the NAIP tiles. b) EXTRACT BY MASK from the elevation raster [elev_mosaic.tif] and the NAIP imagery raster using [UVVR_mask.shp] polygon and append “UVVR_mask” to the file name. Rescale the elevation raster values to the same range with 8-bit NAIP imagery (0 to 255) using min-max scaling in RASTER CALCULATOR (map algebra expression: (("elev_mosaic_UVVR_mask.tif"-(min value of the input raster))*(255-0)/(max value of the input raster)-( min value of the input raster)))+0). Perform ISO CLUSTER UNSUPERVISED CLASSIFICATION with 5 input bands: the Near Infrared, Blue, Green, and Red from the NAIP imagery and the rescaled elevation raster; with 32 classes and a minimum class size of 500 cells. RECLASSIFY the classified raster by visually comparing the NAIP imagery to obtain the unvegetated-vegetated raster [UVVc.tif]. In some regions, a couple of the 32 classes are classified as vegetated in one area but unvegetated in another area. For these classes, the area can be split into separate sections to allow one section to be classified as vegetated and the other as unvegetated. c) Dissolve unvegetated regions smaller than a threshold value to the surrounding vegetated regions and vice versa to clean the UVV raster. For this purpose, use the REGION GROUP (Number of neighbors=4; Zone grouping method=Within; Add Link field to output) to get the [UVV_region.tif], and TEST ("Count" < 9) to set a threshold value of 9 raster cells [lt9.tif]. Use RASTER CALCULATOR to toggle the value of the Link field in the region raster [Map algebra expression=Con("%lt9.tif%", ~Lookup("%UVVc_region.tif%","LINK"),Lookup("%UVVc_region.tif%","LINK"))], where the test raster indicates regions with areas smaller than the threshold. d) RASTER TO POLYGON (Simplify polygons=False) and CLIP with the final marsh complex outline [CMU_mask_final.shp] to obtain [UVVc_filt_clip.shp]. e) REPAIR GEOMETRY, ADD GEOMETRY ATTRIBUTES (Geometry properties=Area_geodesic; Area unit=Square_meters), CALCULATE FIELD (Python_9.3 expression; Field name=gridcode, Expression=filt(!gridcode!, !AREA_GEO!), Code Block= def filt(gridcode, AREA_GEO):/if gridcode== 0 and AREA_GEO < 9:/return 1/else:/return gridcode) and DISSOLVE (Create multipart features=False) to get filtered, clipped and dissolved unvegetated-vegetated polygons [UVVc_filt_clip_diss.shp]. f) INTERSECT the final conceptual marsh units [CMU.shp] with unvegetated-vegetated polygons [UVVc_filt_clip_diss.shp], REPAIR GEOMETRY, and calculate the area of unvegetated and vegetated polygons in each marsh unit. To do this ADD GEOMETRY ATTRIBUTES (Geometry properties=Area_geodesic; Area unit=Square_meters) to get [UVV_poly.shp], and DISSOLV (Input features=[UVV_poly.shp]; Dissolve fields=FID_CMU, gridcode; Statistics field=gridcode.MEAN) and REPAIR GEOMETRY to get [UVV_poly_diss.shp]. Add fields "TYP", "APGN_M2", and "ATOT_M2" for type of polygon indicating vegetated or unvegetated, surface area of the polygon, and total surface area of the marsh unit, respectively, and calculate "APGN_M2" and "ATOT_M2" areas. g) Visually inspect and manually remove marsh units that are a result of geoprocessing artifacts (e.g., buffering). Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NAIP 2018 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NAIP 2021 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: elev_mosaic.tif Process_Date: 2023 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: UVV_poly_diss.shp Process_Step: Process_Description: Finalize the conceptual marsh units. a) Add field "COLORID" to cycle through integers from 0 to 9 to be used for coloring the marsh units. This field is used for display purposes only to distinguish between marsh units. b) Add field "FLG" to flag anomalous marsh units based on absence of vegetation, elevation, surface area and tidal range extrapolation. The flags are calculated in their respective shapefile (i.e., elevation flags are calculated in the elevation shapefile). Set FLG to (-1) no vegetated area in the marsh unit; (-10) marsh unit elevation higher than the 99.8 percentile; (-100) marsh unit elevation less than the 0.2 percentile; (-200) greater than 25 percent of the marsh unit elevation is hydro-flattened; (-1000) marsh unit surface area less than 900 square meters; (-10000) mean tidal range of marsh unit is extrapolated; and (0) no flag. Combination of negative values indicates a combination of flags. For example, -1001 indicates no vegetated area and area less than 900 square meters. c) Rearrange fields and change the projection for better performance of web services with online base maps. PROJECT (Output coordinate system=WGS 1984 Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere) the feature dataset to obtain the final conceptual marsh units [CMU_ME]. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: UVV_poly_diss.shp Process_Date: 2023 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: CMU_ME.shp Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 8959 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: WGS 1984 Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere (Esri Full Name: WGS_1984_Web_Mercator_Auxiliary_Sphere) Map_Projection_Parameters: False_Easting: 0.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: 0.0 Standard_Parallel: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.6096 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.6096 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: CMU_ME Entity_Type_Definition: Table containing attribute information associated with the dataset. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer Defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Feature geometry. Marsh units are polygon features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID_CMU Attribute_Definition: Unique whole numbers used to identify each conceptual marsh unit. These numbers are duplicated when a marsh unit has both vegetated and unvegetated sub-polygons. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4626 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: none Attribute: Attribute_Label: APGN_M2 Attribute_Definition: Surface area of the selected polygon type (vegetated or unvegetated) in square meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.17945 Range_Domain_Maximum: 864665.66274 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: square meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: ATOT_M2 Attribute_Definition: Total surface area of a marsh unit in square meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 109.38287 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1374107.4756 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: square meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: TYP Attribute_Definition: Classification of the polygon features in a marsh unit as vegetated or unvegetated. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: unvegetated Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unvegetated part of the marsh unit. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: vegetated Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Vegetated part of the marsh unit. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: COLORID Attribute_Definition: Recycling sequential whole numbers (0-9) that are used for display purposes when plotting conceptual marsh units. These numbers are duplicated when a marsh unit has both vegetated and unvegetated sub-polygons. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9 Attribute: Attribute_Label: FLG Attribute_Definition: Marsh unit flag indicating anomalous marsh units based on absence of vegetation, elevation, surface area and tidal range extrapolation. FLG values indicate: (-1) no vegetated area in the marsh unit; (-10) marsh unit elevation higher than the 99.8 percentile; (-100) marsh unit elevation less than the 0.2 percentile; (-200) greater than 25 percent of the marsh unit elevation is hydro-flattened; (-1000) marsh unit surface area less than 900 square meters; (-10000) mean tidal range of marsh unit is extrapolated; and (0) no flag. Combination of negative values indicates a combination of flags. For example, -1001 indicates no vegetated area and area less than 900 square meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -11201 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: In this dataset, the salt marsh complexes across Maine have been delineated to conceptual salt marsh units to facilitate unit by unit evaluation of the response and resiliency of the marsh system to physical and biogeochemical drivers. Each unit is also analyzed based on the vegetated and unvegetated surface area coverage, the ratio of which can be an independent measure of the marsh health of salt marshes on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States. Decimal values in the attribute table are a result of double precision calculations while significant digits are considered in defining the attribute measurement resolutions. Therefore, the smallest unit increment for area values is assumed to be 1 meter. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: CMU_ME.zip (ZIP file contains the shapefile CMU_ME.shp and the additional shapefile components), browse graphic (CMU_ME_Browse.png), and FGDC CSDGM metadata in xml format. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: shapefile Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS Pro 2.8.8 Format_Information_Content: This dataset contains a polygon shapefile and its components and metadata in xml format. Transfer_Size: 86 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/657b3ea5d34e952b2274bb2f Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/657b3ea5d34e952b2274bb2f Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FRGLB0 Access_Instructions: The first link in network resources is to download data directly. The second link points to a landing page with metadata and data. The third link is to the main page of the data release. Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: WMS Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/657b3ea5d34e952b2274bb2f?service=wms&request=getcapabilities&version=1.3.0 Access_Instructions: The link in network resources points to the Web Mapping Services (WMS) end point. Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: WFS Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/657b3ea5d34e952b2274bb2f?service=wfs&request=getcapabilities&version=1.0.0 Access_Instructions: The link in network resources points to the Web Feature Service (WFS) end point. Fees: None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the dataset. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20240129 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Kate V. Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2331 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998