Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Page C. Valentine Publication_Date: 20230321 Title: CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey on Stellwagen Bank during three surveys aboard the R/V Auk, September 2020 to August 2021 Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: text file for water column profile Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9G7QARQ Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9G7QARQ Online_Linkage: https://sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/633c8f97d34e900e86cf1a9d Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Page C. Valentine Originator: VeeAnn A. Cross Publication_Date: 2023 Title: Sea-floor Sediment Samples, Seabed and Sample Imagery, and CTD Instrument Data Collected on Stellwagen Bank from September 2020 to August 2021 Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9ERNGJ2 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Valentine, P.C., and Cross, V.A., 2023, Sea-floor sediment samples, seabed and sample imagery, and CTD instrument data collected on Stellwagen Bank from September 2020 to August 2021: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9G7QARQ . Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9G7QARQ Online_Linkage: https://sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/633c8e2dd34e900e86cf1a93 Description: Abstract: These data are a part of the effort to map geologic substrates of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts. The overall goal is to develop high-resolution (1:25,000) interpretive maps, based on multibeam sonar data and seabed sampling, showing surficial geology and seabed sediment dynamics. The work was conducted in collaboration with the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, and the data collected will aid research on the ecology of fish and invertebrate species that inhabit the region. The Sanctuary's research vessel, R/V Auk, visited a total of 169 locations on Stellwagen Bank during three separate surveys from September 2020 to August 2021. During these surveys a customized Van Veen grab sampler (SEABOSS) equipped with a video camera and a CTD was deployed in drift mode to collect sediment for grain-size analysis, video imagery of the seabed, and measurements of water column properties including temperature, salinity, density, and fluorescence. Purpose: These data are collected to map the seasonal temperature, salinity, density, fluorescence (chlorophyll A), and turbidity configuration of the water column which affect the distribution and availability of plankton and the distribution of fish and invertebrate species. Supplemental_Information: Additional information regarding the field activities associated with these data can be obtained from the following locations https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2020-012-FA, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2021-016-FA, and https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2021-017-FA . Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20200924 Ending_Date: 20210804 Currentness_Reference: Ground condition of when data were collected. These data were collected during three separate surveys, with the following ranges of dates for each survey: field activity 2020-012-FA: 20200924 to 20200925; field activity 2021-016-FA: 20210721 to 20210723; and field activity 2021-017-FA: 20210802 to 20210804. Status: Progress: complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.562830 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.118010 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.440290 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.096030 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Theme_Keyword: NOAA Theme_Keyword: SEABed Observation and Sampling System Theme_Keyword: SEABOSS Theme_Keyword: CTD Theme_Keyword: conductivity Theme_Keyword: temperature Theme_Keyword: depth Theme_Keyword: salinity Theme_Keyword: water density Theme_Keyword: fluorescence Theme_Keyword: turbidity Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: marine chemistry Theme_Keyword: CTD measurement Theme_Keyword: ocean temperature Theme_Keyword: ocean salinity Theme_Keyword: turbidity Theme_Keyword: ocean sciences Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: chemical oceanography Theme_Keyword: environmental chemistry Theme_Keyword: oceanographic observations Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:633c8f97d34e900e86cf1a9d Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: North America Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: Stellwagen Bank Place_Keyword: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Place_Keyword: SBNMS Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Bay Access_Constraints: None. Use_Constraints: Not to be used for navigation. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with the USGS. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: D.S. Blackwood Originator: K.F. Parolski Publication_Date: 2001 Title: Seabed observation and sampling system Series_Information: Series_Name: Sea Technology Issue_Identification: v. 42, no. 2, p. 39-43 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: P. Valentine Originator: D. Blackwood Originator: K. Parolski Publication_Date: 2000 Title: Seabed observation and sampling system Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet Issue_Identification: FS-142-00 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14200 Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs142-00/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: P.C. Valentine Originator: V.A. Cross Publication_Date: 2019 Title: Location and analyses of sediment samples collected on Stellwagen Bank off Boston, Massachusetts from November 5, 2013 to April 30, 2019 on U.S. Geological Survey field activities Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9FWFLPD Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: This publication includes the grain-size analyses of the sediment samples collected on 20 other field activities. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FWFLPD Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5d95153ee4b0c4f70d10a4f7 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: These files represent unedited data acquired from the Sea-Bird CTD that was mounted on the SEABed Observation and Sampling System (SEABOSS) frame. The data were collected during the descent (downcast) of the SEABOSS to the seabed, its drift over the seabed, and its ascent (upcast) to the water surface. The data values presented here have not been edited or modified. The data accuracy is expected to meet the instrument accuracy specifications. Logical_Consistency_Report: The filenames correspond to the station names. Therefore, the locations of the casts can be acquired from the station locations in the station data summary file (available from the Larger Work citation). The naming convention for the CTD casts is staXXXX_ctd_data.txt where XXXX corresponds to the station number. All the field activities took place on the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary's research vessel, R/V Auk. Although these data represent three separate field activities, the set-up and acquisition on all the cruises is consistent with the exception of the navigation - which was sometimes acquired at 2-second intervals and sometimes at 5-second intervals. The files are all structured the same with the exception of the following stations from field activity 2021-017-FA: sta5062, sta5095, and sta5104. Stations 5062 and 5095 omit a blank row after the station name line, and station 5104 omits a blank row after the output data format line. Completeness_Report: All the Sea-Bird instrument data (downcast, drift, and upcast) that were collected during the surveys are included; however, not all stations have a CTD record. Stations 5021 and 5029 from 2021-016-FA do not have a CTD record because the CTD was not turned on prior to the deployment of the SEABOSS system. Station 5023 from that same field activity is extremely short, so probably does not represent the full deployment. There are CTD data for 167 of the 169 SEABOSS sampling stations. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Although these files do not contain latitudes and longitudes, that information can be acquired from the related station data summary file (2020-2021_station_data_summary available from the Larger Work citation). The CTD downcast is located at the start of the video drift, and the upcast is located at the end of the video drift. The location information for stations was acquired from a satellite navigation receiver (Furuno satellite compass SC-30, GPS receiver) in geographic coordinates (World Geodetic System of 1984 [WGS 84]) with a horizontal accuracy of 10 m. Cruise 2020-012-FA acquired navigation at two-second intervals on September 24 and five-second intervals on September 25. Cruise 2021-016-FA acquired navigation at a two-second interval. Cruise 2021-017-FA acquired navigation at a two-second interval. The navigation antenna was located 5.3 m forward of the SEABOSS deployment location. This offset was not accounted for in the navigation acquisition so navigation fixes represent the antenna location. The SEABOSS may also drift away from the survey vessel when deployed to the sea floor. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The depth values are based on the instrument's pressure gauge and are relative to the local sea surface. The CTD was mounted horizontally on the SEABOSS frame and its maximum depth was approximately 1 meter above the seabed. The pressure gauge accuracy is 0.1% of water depth as stated by the manufacturer. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: These data were collected with a Sea-Bird CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth) instrument - an SBE19plusV2 SeaCAT Profiler CTD. This instrument was deployed on SEABOSS. The SEABOSS is an instrument developed by the USGS to collect samples and video and photographic images of the seabed to aid in the interpretation of seabed sonar imagery. See the cross-references for additional information on the SEABOSS (Blackwood and Parolski, 2001; Valentine and others, 2000). The CTD was mounted horizontally on the SEABOSS frame and its maximum depth was approximately 1 meter above the seabed. The specifications for the CTD instrument were as follows: > SBE19plusV2, serial number 01906617 manufactured by Sea-Bird Electronics, Inc. >Firmware version: 2.2c >Firmware date: 7 December 2009 >Manufactured date: 29 July 2010 >Software version: 2.3.0 > Internal sensors: >main temperature, serial number 01906617 >main conductivity, serial number 01906617 >main pressure, type, strain, serial number 3161799 > External sensors from WET Labs (CHL is Chlorophyll and TURB is turbidity): >ECO-FLNTURT CHL, serial number FLNTURT-1798; WET Labs fluorometer, ECO-AFL/FL >ECO-FLNTURT TURB, serial number FLNTURT-1798; WET Labs turbidity meter, ECO-NTU > Configuration: >Instrument battery operated; not connected to a conducting cable >Profile mode: sampling rate 4 per second, averaged to provide each data point >CTD deployed on the USGS SEABed Observation and Sampling System (SEABOSS) > Data archive: >All data; downcast, drift, and upcast > The temperature (degrees C) sensor has the following specifications: >measurement range -5 to +35 degrees C; initial accuracy +-0.005; resolution 0.0001; > The conductivity Siemens per meter (S/m) has the following specifications: > measurement range 0 to 9 S/m; initial accuracy +- 0.0005; resolution varies: 0.00005 (most oceanic water; resolves 0.4 parts per million (ppm) in salinity) 0.00007 (high salinity water; resolves 0.4 ppm in salinity) 0.00001 (fresh water; resolves 0.1 ppm in salinity) > The strain gauge pressure: > measurement range 0 to full scale range: 20/100/350/600/1000/2000/3500/7000; initial accuracy +- 0.1% of full scale range; resolution 0.002% of full scale range. > The turbidity sensor: >wavelength 700 nm; sensitivity 0.01 NTU, rant 0-25 NTU > Fluorescence sensor: >Chlorophyll-a 470 nm EX/695 nm EM; sensitivity 0.2 micro-g/l; range 0-125 micro-g/l Chl Data were collected from 2020 to 2021 with the process date representing the most recent acquisition year. Process_Date: 2021 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: At the end of each cruise, the CTD data are downloaded via a laptop using the Sea-Bird software. All data (downcast, drift, and upcast) are included in this dataset. The latitude and longitude of the start and end of the video drift are available from 2020-2021_station_data_summary dataset, available from the Larger Work citation. The station summary data are available in XLSX, CSV, and shapefile formats. Data were collected from 2020 to 2021 with the process date representing the most recent acquisition year. Process_Date: 2021 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov Spatial_Reference_Information: Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Depth_System_Definition: Depth_Datum_Name: local surface Depth_Resolution: 0.001 Depth_Distance_Units: meters Depth_Encoding_Method: Implicit coordinate Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Sea-Bird CTD Entity_Type_Definition: The data from each station are included in an ASCII text file with an eleven-row header that gives the station number and the output format of the data with descriptions of what information is in each column. The remaining rows (starting at row 12) are columns of measured values that are space-delimited and correspond to the columns listed in the header.The following stations in field activity 2021-017-FA only have a 10 row header, each omitting a blank row: sta5062, sta5095, and sta5104. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Sea-Bird Electronics Attribute: Attribute_Label: salt water depth, meter (0.000) Attribute_Definition: Calculated value involving pressure, water density and compressibility as well as the strength of the local gravity field. Units are meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: Sea-Bird Electronics Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Although this is a numeric value, the data value range for the dataset has not been evaluated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: water temperature (standard ITS-90 - 1990 International Temperature Scale), deg C (0.0000) Attribute_Definition: Temperature directly measured by the temperature-sensing instrument (thermistor). Units are degrees Celsius. Attribute_Definition_Source: Sea-Bird Electronics Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Although this is a numeric value, the data value range for the dataset has not been evaluated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: salinity, practical salinity units (PSU) (0.0000) Attribute_Definition: Calculated value derived from the measured properties (conductivity, temperature and pressure) of the instrument. Units are practical salinity units. Attribute_Definition_Source: Sea-Bird Electronics Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Although this is a numeric value, the data value range for the dataset has not been evaluated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: water density, sigma-t, kilograms per cubic meter (0.0000) Attribute_Definition: Calculated value derived from the measured properties (conductivity, temperature and pressure) of the instrument. Units are kilograms per cubic meter. Attribute_Definition_Source: Sea-Bird Electronics Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Although this is a numeric value, the data value range for the dataset has not been evaluated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: fluorescence, milligrams per cubic meter (0.0000) Attribute_Definition: Fluorescence is a measurement of chlorophyll A concentration in a volume of seawater. Units are milligrams per cubic meter. Attribute_Definition_Source: Sea-Bird Electronics Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Although this is a numeric value, the data value range for the dataset has not been evaluated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: turbidity, nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) (0.0000) Attribute_Definition: Turbidity is a measurement of particles in a volume of seawater. Units are nephelometric turbidity units. Attribute_Definition_Source: Sea-Bird Electronics Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Although this is a numeric value, the data value range for the dataset has not been evaluated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: if data flagged, indicates error in data collection Attribute_Definition: System method of indicating erroneous or bad data. Attribute_Definition_Source: Sea-Bird Electronics Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: A value other than zero indicates an error in data collection Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The following is a sample header and a few rows of the data: > >Sta 4955 > >Output data format >Column 1, salt water depth, meter (0.000) >Column 2, water temperature (standard ITS-90), deg C (0.0000) >Column 3, salinity, practical salinity units (PSU) (0.0000) >Column 4, water density, sigma-t, kilograms per cubic meter (0.0000) >Column 5, fluorescence, milligrams per cubic meter (0.0000) >Column 6, turbidity, nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) (0.0000) >Column 7, if data flagged, indicates error in data collection > >-0.243 20.2753 0.0102 -1.8440 -0.0068 -0.0088 0.000e+00 >-0.247 20.2576 0.0103 -1.8403 -0.0090 -0.0076 0.000e+00 >-0.245 20.2324 0.0102 -1.8351 -0.0068 -0.0088 0.000e+00 >-0.247 20.2184 0.0103 -1.8321 -0.0060 -0.0076 0.000e+00 >-0.247 20.1960 0.0000 -1.8353 -0.0060 -0.0084 0.000e+00 >-0.245 20.1728 0.0103 -1.8226 -0.0045 -0.0088 0.000e+00 >-0.245 20.1578 0.0103 -1.8194 -0.0052 -0.0076 0.000e+00 > If visible in the sample above, the presence of the ">" character is for formatting the metadata only. That character does not actually occur in the data. The zeros associated with each column definition in the header rows indicate the number of decimal places of the recorded values. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: This dataset is comprised of three different field activities. The data from each field activity is contained in a zip file: 2020-012-FA_CTD.zip (33 files), 2021-016-FA_CTD.zip (41 files), and 2021-017-FA_CTD.zip (93 files). The total number of CTD data files is 167. The FGDC CSDGM metadata in XML format is also included. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: TEXT Format_Information_Content: The dataset contains the CTD cast data and the associated FGDC CSDGM metadata. Transfer_Size: 1.2 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/633c8f97d34e900e86cf1a9d Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/633c8f97d34e900e86cf1a9d Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9G7QARQ Access_Instructions: The first link is to download all the data in a ZIP file. The second link is to the landing page of the data where individual zip files for each field activity can be downloaded. The third link is to the main landing page of the publication. Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: The dataset contains CTD data in text format. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the ZIP file and using the data files. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20230321 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with the USGS. Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998