Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Jin-Si R. Over Publication_Date: 20231204 Title: Low-altitude aerial imagery collected from a UAS at Nauset Light Beach, Eastham, MA on September 14 and 20, 2023, pre and post Hurricane Lee Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: imagery and tabular data Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9GA5RJD Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GA5RJD Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6511a2edd34e823a0275dbda Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Jin-Si R. Over Originator: Chris R. Sherwood Originator: Mira M. Anderberg Originator: Marie K. Bartlett Originator: Jennifer M. Cramer Publication_Date: 2023 Title: Topographic data, imagery, and ground control data collected in September 2023 pre and post Hurricane Lee at Head of the Meadow, Marconi, and Nauset Light beaches, Cape Cod National Seashore, Massachusetts Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital files Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9GA5RJD Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Over, J.R., Sherwood, C.R., Anderberg, M.M., Bartlett, M.K., and Cramer, J.M., 2023, Topographic data, imagery, and ground control data collected in September 2023 pre and post Hurricane Lee at Head of the Meadow, Marconi, and Nauset Light beaches, Cape Cod National Seashore, Massachusetts: U.S Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GA5RJD. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GA5RJD Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/650dc88ed34e823a027456da Description: Abstract: The data in this release map Marconi Beach, Head of the Meadow Beach, and Nauset Light Beach, in Cape Cod National Seashore (CACO), Massachusetts, before and after Hurricane Lee in September 2023. U.S Geological Survey personnel conducted field surveys to collect topographic data using global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) at all three beaches. In addition, at Nauset Light Beach, an uncrewed aerial system (UAS) was used to collect images with a Ricoh GRII camera for use in structure from motion photogrammetry. High-precision GNSS targets (AeroPoints) were used as ground control points (GCPs) for the UAS photogrammetry. Agisoft Metashape (v. 2.0.1) software was used to create a digital surface model and an orthomosaic from the collected imagery and GCPs. Photos were taken with smartphones for environmental context. This work was conducted under National Park Service Research Permit CACO-2020-SCI-0021. Purpose: Imagery is collected to create Digital surface models (DSM) using structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry to observe ground conditions and change over time before and after Hurricane Lee. Images are to be used with AeroPoint data. Supplemental_Information: Images can be viewed on the USGS Imagery Data System without downloading them here https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/idsviewer/data_release/10.5066-P9GA5RJD. For more information about the WHCMSC Field Activity, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2023-022-FA. These data are also related to USGS field activity 2023-023-FA, which collected pressure-sensor measurements at these three beaches. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20230914 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20230920 Currentness_Reference: ground condition; represents the state of the beach on September 14 and 20, 2023. Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Not planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -69.95041276 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -69.95295389 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.86165466 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.85643504 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: shoreline photographs Theme_Keyword: low-altitude aerial imagery Theme_Keyword: Hurricane Lee Theme_Keyword: National Park Service Theme_Keyword: UAS Theme_Keyword: geotagged photos Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: Global Positioning System (GPS) observations Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: photography Theme_Keyword: image collections Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: geolocation measurement Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: location Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:6511a2edd34e823a0275dbda Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Common geographic areas Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Cape Cod Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Nauset Light Beach Place_Keyword: Cape Cod National Seashore Place_Keyword: Eastham Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jin-Si R. Over Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2297 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jover@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6511a2edd34e823a0275dbda?name=2023022FA_HxLee_UASimagery_browse.JPG&allowOpen=true Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Image of Nauset Light Beach, Eastham, MA on September 20, 2023 Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Native_Data_Set_Environment: EXIF Tool v. 12.06, Namexif v. 2.4 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The camera (Ricoh GRII) used on the 3DR Solo acquired 24 megapixel photos, with file sizes generally between 5 and 7 MB on disc, depending on image complexity. Some images were blurry due to movement and changing low light conditions. Logical_Consistency_Report: Flights were flown to map the Nauset Light Beach shoreline and bluff face in Eastham, MA, on September 14 and 20, 2023. Completeness_Report: Photographs were captured every 2 seconds but only 1025 are provided; very blurry images and those taken while the UAS took off and landed were removed. All photos included have location information. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Though the images do not represent spatial data, the spatial information is embedded in the photo and available in the EXIF header of each image, which is provided in the imagery navigation file (2023022FA_NLB_HxLee_imagelocations.csv) in the larger work citation. The location information of each image was calculated in Agisoft Metashape after processing the ortho products, the accuracy of the estimated positions is less than 1 meter. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Though the images do not represent spatial data, the spatial information is embedded in the photo and available in the EXIF header of each image, which is provided in the imagery navigation file (2023022FA_NLB_HxLee_imagelocations.csv) in the larger work citation. The location information of each image was calculated in Agisoft Metashape after processing the ortho products, the accuracy of the estimated positions is less than 1 meter. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: These JPEG images were collected with a camera (Ricoh GR11) attached to a 3DR Solo drone so that the camera triggered every 2 seconds and the camera faced downward, one flight on September 20 was adjusted so that the camera was at an angle. The drone was programmed to fly at 7 m/s along transects 25 meters apart with 70% overlap and sidelap. The oblique flight on September 20 was flown manually. Flights were done by remote pilots J. Over and J. Cramer. Process_Date: 202309 Process_Step: Process_Description: The positions of each image were estimated from the Agisoft Metashape SfM results, see the larger work citation digital surface model metadata for more information. The positions are provided in the 2023022FA_NLB_HxLee_imagelocations.csv in multiple coordinate systems, see below, but only the latitude, longitude, and altitude (NAVD88) were embedded in the image header using exiftools. Process_Date: 202309 Process_Step: Process_Description: The images acquired with the camera were geotagged and processed to add additional information required by the USGS to the EXIF headers using ExifTools (https://exiftool.org/, version: 12.06), and the files were renamed to a unique identifier using Namexif (http://www.digicamsoft.com/softnamexif.html, version 2.1) to avoid any possibility of duplicate names. These steps are described here. For more information on the EXIF tags here and automatically populated by the camera see https://exiftool.org/TagNames/EXIF.html 1. Using the positions from the previous step, ExifTools was used to tag each photo with the following tags: Credit, Copyright, Contact, UsageTerms, ImageDescription, Artist, XMP:ExternalMetadataLink, XMP:UsageTerms, XMP:AttributionURL, XMP:PreservedFilename, GPSTimeStamp, GPSDateStamp, GPSAltitudeRef, GPSLatitudeRef, GPSLongitudeRef, GPSAreaInfo, GPSMapDatum, GPSLatitude, GPSLongitude, and GPSAltitude stored in a CSV file with the command:' exiftool -csv="C:\directory\name\Geotags_EXIF.csv" C:\directory\name\of\photos *.JPG The first row of the CSV are the tag names; the first column is SourceName (unique image names). To read out the photo information to a CSV when in the directory with the photos the command is: exiftool -csv *.JPG > allheaders_out.csv 2. All the JPEG images were renamed with Namexif (https://us.digicamsoft.com/softnamexif.html v 2.2 accessed April 2020) to ensure unique filenames and compliance with the USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program's best practices for image naming convention. Images were renamed with the field survey ID prefix; flight number, and ID that distinguishes USGS cameras by make/camera number, the image acquisition date, coordinated universal time (UTC) in ISO8601 format, and a suffix with the original image name. For example, image name '2023022FA_f##r02_20230914T134646Z_####.jpg', 2023022FA is the field activity ID, f## is the flight number, r02 is the camera make and ID, and 20230914 is the UTC date in the format YYYYMMDD. A 'T' is used to separate UTC date from UTC time in format HHMMSS followed by a Z, and ####.jpg is the original raw photo name appended to the end of the new filename. Process_Date: 202311 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jin-Si R. Over Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: U.S. Geological Survey Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2297 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jover@usgs.gov Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.00000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.00000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 (National Spatial Reference System 2011) Ellipsoid_Name: GRS_1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2023022FA_NLB_preHxLee_UAS_imagery.zip Entity_Type_Definition: Photos (310) taken from the Ricoh GRII on September 14, pre Hurricane Lee. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2023022FA_NLB_postHxLee_UAS_imagery.zip Entity_Type_Definition: Photos (547) taken from the Ricoh GRII on September 20, post Hurricane Lee. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2023022FA_NLB_HxLee_imagelocations.csv Entity_Type_Definition: The CSV file contains 857 records of the processed UAS location data of each image (approximate position of the camera at the moment of each image capture). Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: ImageName Attribute_Definition: File names of individual images, see the Data_Quality_Information and Process_Description for file naming convention. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: character string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date Attribute_Definition: Date photos were collected in MM/DD/YYYY where MM is month, DD is the day, and YYYY is the year Attribute_Definition_Source: Processor Defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 9/14/2023 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9/20/2023 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: MMDDYYYY Attribute: Attribute_Label: Time_UTC Attribute_Definition: Time in HH:MM:SS, where HH is the hour, MM is the minute, and SS is the seconds of when the image was taken in coordinated universal time (UTC). Attribute_Definition_Source: processor defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 13:46:48 Range_Domain_Maximum: 14:40:18 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: HH:MM:SS UTC Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude NAD83[2011] Attribute_Definition: SfM estimated latitude of camera in decimal degrees (NAD83[2011]). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 41.85643504 Range_Domain_Maximum: 41.86165466 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude NAD83[2011] Attribute_Definition: SfM estimated longitude in decimal degrees (NAD83[2011]). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -69.95295389 Range_Domain_Maximum: -69.95041276 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ellipsoid NAD83[2011] Attribute_Definition: SfM estimated height in meters based on the NAD83(2011) reference ellipsoid. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -6.229 Range_Domain_Maximum: 78.251 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Easting_19N Attribute_Definition: SfM estimated Y-coordinate in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 19N. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 420907.363 Range_Domain_Maximum: 421112.435 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Northing_19N Attribute_Definition: SfM estimated X-coordinate in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 19N. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4634274.028 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4634853.962 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Altitude_NAVD88 Attribute_Definition: SfM estimated Z-coordinate using NAVD88 reference with geoid 18. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 21.614 Range_Domain_Maximum: 106.095 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The attributes Latitude NAD83[2011], Longitude NAD83[2011], and Altitude_NAVD88 were included in the image headers as GPSLatitude, GPSLongitude, and GPSAltitude, respectively. A GPSMapDatum header was also included in the images specifying that the latitude and longitude are in NAD83(2011) and altitude is relative to the NAD82(2011) ellipsoid. Range domains are based on all imagery in the zip files. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS Field Activity 2023-022-FA Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888- 275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: The Windows 10 zip files 2023022FA_NLB_preHxLee_UAS_imagery.zip and 2023022FA_NLB_postHxLee_UAS_imagery.zip contain images of Nauset Light beach before and after Hurricane Lee and 2023022FA_NLB_HxLee_imagelocations.csv contains the image locations for both zip files. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: JPEG Format_Version_Number: 1.0.0 Format_Specification: JPEG Format_Information_Content: The 2023022FA_NLB_preHxLee_UAS_imagery.zip file contains 310 JPEGs and 2023022FA_NLB_postHxLee_UAS_imagery.zip contains 547 JPEGs. File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip, 7zip, Peazip or pkUnzip Transfer_Size: 4720 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6511a2edd34e823a0275dbda Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6511a2edd34e823a0275dbda Network_Resource_Name: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/idsviewer/data_release/10.5066-P9GA5RJD Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GA5RJD Access_Instructions: The first link in the list above is to the child page where files can be downloaded individually, the second link is to directly download all the data on the page, the third link is to the Imagery Data System where the photos can be viewed without downloading them, and the fourth link is the doi to the main publication. Note that the imagery zip file is over 2 GB so if the second link is not currently supported, use the first link to choose files to download. Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: CSV Format_Version_Number: Exported from Excel Office 365 16.01 Format_Information_Content: The CSV file 2023022FA_NLB_HxLee_imagelocations.csv contains photo location information. Transfer_Size: 0.02 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6511a2edd34e823a0275dbda Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6511a2edd34e823a0275dbda Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GA5RJD Access_Instructions: The first link in the list above is to the child page where files can be downloaded individually, the second link is to directly download all the data on the page, and the third link is the doi to the main publication. Note that the imagery zip file is over 2 GB so if the second link is not currently supported, use the first link to choose files to download. Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: Use of these files requires software capable of opening JPEG images and, if desired, capable of reading the associated EXIF information. Additionally, the location information is provided in a CSV file for the user to utilize with appropriate software. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20231204 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jin-Si R. Over Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: U.S. Geological Survey Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2297 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time