Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Peter A. Traykovski Publication_Date: 20220919 Title: Bathymetric data and grid of offshore Head of the Meadow Beach, Truro, on March 18, 2022 Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster and tabular digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9GEVWG1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GEVWG1 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/62e009cfd34e952be9098186 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Jin-Si R. Over Originator: Christopher R. Sherwood Originator: Peter A. Traykovski Publication_Date: 2022 Title: Topographic and bathymetric data, structure from motion imagery, and ground control data collected at Head of the Meadow Beach, Truro, MA in March 2022, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2022-015-FA Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9GEVWG1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested Citation: Over, J.R., Sherwood, C.R., and Traykovski, P.A., 2022, Topographic and bathymetric data, structure from motion imagery, and ground control data collected at Head of the Meadow Beach, Truro, MA in March 2022, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2022-015-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GEVWG1. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GEVWG1 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/62dee095d34e952be909417b Description: Abstract: These data map the beach and nearshore environment at Head of the Meadow Beach in Truro, MA, providing updated regional context for the 2019 CoastCam installation. CoastCam CACO-01 are two video cameras aimed at the beach that view the coast shared by beachgoers, shorebirds, seals, and sharks. These data were collected as part of field activity 2022-015-FA and a collaboration with the National Park Service at Cape Cod National Seashore to monitor the region. In March 2022, U.S. Geological Survey and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (WHOI) scientists conducted field surveys to re-map the field of view of the CoastCam. Aerial images of the beach for use in structure from motion were taken with a camera (Sony a6000) and a post-processed kinematic (PPK) system attached to a helium filled balloon-kite (Helikite). High-precision GPS targets (AeroPoints) and numbered black and white tarps were used as ground control points. Bathymetry was collected in the nearshore using a single-beam echosounder mounted on a surf capable self-righting electric autonomous surface vehicle. Agisoft Metashape (v. 1.8.1) was used to create a digital surface model with the collected imagery, which was merged with the bathymetry in MATLAB (v. 2020b) to create a continuous topobathy product. Purpose: These data may be used as a high-resolution bathymetry dataset of Head of the Meadow Beach to observe conditions and temporal changes and to validate the CoastCam images. Supplemental_Information: This bathymetric grid is constructed using the raw echosounder and GPS data available in the 2022015FA_Bathymetry.zip file. For more information about the WHCMSC Field Activity, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2022-015-FA. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20220318 Currentness_Reference: ground condition; bathymetry was collected on a single day: March 18, 2022 Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Not planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.07988662 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.07068035 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.05852660 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.05133652 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: Autonomous surface vehicle Theme_Keyword: Yellowfin Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Theme_Keyword: CoastCam Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: single-beam echo sounder Theme_Keyword: bathymetry Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:62e009cfd34e952be9098186 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Common geographic areas Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Truro Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Cape Cod Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Head of the Meadow Beach Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Not for navigational use. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jin-Si R. Over Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2297 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jover@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/62e009cfd34e952be9098186?name=2022015FA_Truro_bathymetry_browse.JPG&allowOpen=true Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Elevation relative to NAVD88-colored image of bathymetry data collected offshore of Head of the Meadow Beach, MA Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Native_Data_Set_Environment: MATLAB (v. 2020b), Novatel Inertial Explorer (Version 8.70.8722) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Jin-Si R. Over Originator: Christopher R. Sherwood Originator: Peter A. Traykovski Originator: Sandra M. Brosnahan Originator: Marinna A. Martini Originator: Eric Marsjanik Originator: Jonathan S. Borden Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Topographic and bathymetric data, sediment samples, and beach imagery collected at Head of the Meadow, Truro in March 2020 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9KSG1RQ Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: This publication is the 2020 field data at Head of the Meadow Beach. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KSG1RQ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Jin-Si R. Over Originator: Christopher R. Sherwood Originator: Peter A. Traykovski Publication_Date: 2022 Title: Topographic and bathymetric data, structure from motion imagery, and ground control data collected at Head of the Meadow, Truro in February 2021, U.S Geological Survey Field Activity 2021-014-FA Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9D94NZ3 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: This publication is the 2021 field data at Head of the Meadow Beach. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D94NZ3 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: No official QC test was performed, but all depth values are internally consistent in relation to each other and are comparable to values of published bathymetry in the area (see cross-reference). The product is interpolated and small-scale bathymetry features are not resolved. The actual vertical position may be much less accurate between tracklines. Logical_Consistency_Report: This file represents single beam echo-sounder bathymetry data collected by Peter Traykovski (WHOI). These data were combined with post-processed kinematic (PPK) orthometric heights collected using a GNSS receiver (EMLID Reach M2) mounted on a self-righting ASV corrected to a base station (JAVA Triumph) onshore in GEOID12B NAVD88 meters. The GNSS antenna is offset from the echo-sounder by 0.25 meters (referred to as Antenna_Z_Offset), and this is taken into account when calculating the depth in the trackline and echosounder variables (see Processing Steps). Completeness_Report: All collected survey line data were edited for erroneous soundings before being incorporated into the final bathymetric grid. The mask prevents extrapolation of data beyond the bounds but does not exclude any data. The raw CSV of trackline and echosounder values has been edited to remove null returns at the beginning and end of the survey. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Navigation information was acquired from the GNSS receiver in PPK mode with a Multi-band GNSS antenna that has a theoretical horizontal accuracy of 1-5 cm and average reported xy standard deviation (SD) of 1.0 cm. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The location information was acquired from the GNSS receiver in PPK mode with a Multi-band GNSS antenna with a theoretical horizontal accuracy of 1-5 cm and average reported vertical SD of 1.1 cm. The navigational accuracies do not represent the accuracy of the derived bathymetric soundings. The vertical accuracy of the raw data in water depths of 10 meters or less, based on industry standard system specifications for 450 and 500 kHz transmit frequencies, is 5-10 centimeters. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: The single-beam bathymetry data were collected by launching the Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV) Yellowfin into the water from the surf zone. Yellowfin is equipped with a Cerulean s500 echosounder and collects position information with an EMLID Reach M2 GPS. The boat was controlled near the shore by Peter Traykovski and put on auto-pilot using predetermined tracklines for longer transects offshore. The raw bathymetry data was processed with the following steps: 1. Parsed the binary data (BU353s4 GPS Puck, Time, Position and Echosounder range) into MATLAB (v. 2020b) from the echosounder using MATLAB Scripts developed by Peter Traykovski at WHOI - see contact below 2. Post Processed Kinematic (PPK) GNSS (Novatel OEM-V2_L1L2) data from the vessel were corrected using base station (Java Triumph-1) data in Novatel Inertial Explorer (Version 8.70.8722) using the datum NAD83(2011) and GEOID 12B for the vertical datum NAVD88. A projection for UTM Zone 19N was also specified to get the Easting and Northing information. An antenna height of 0.0 was used and then the actual antenna height was corrected for in Step 5. 3. Refined time alignment to account for any small time delays between GPS data and echosounder data collection. This was accomplished using the time-lagged cross-correlation of echosounder range and PPK GNSS altitude in locations with a relatively flat bottom. The resulting time shift was 18 seconds. The GPS measured vertical fluctuation of the boat due to waves and these fluctuations were also visible in echosounder data. The equation in Step 5 removed the vertical fluctuation due to waves from the echosounder data leaves only true bathymetry if the GPS and echosounder were well-synced. The lagged cross-correlation processing ensured that they were synced optimally. 4. Duplicate times were removed from the PPK GNSS positions, and then the GPS values (GPS_z) were interpolated to the time of the Echosounder samples (Echo_z) with the MATLAB function interp1 (linear interpolation) and 'pchip'. 5. Calculated sea-floor elevation with reference to the NAVD88 datum in meters using the following equation: Seafloor_z = GPS_z - Antenna_Z_Offset + Echo_z; the offset from the GNSS antenna to the Echosounder transducer on the z-axis of the ASV was Antenna_Z_Offset = 0.25 m was. These xyz values of the GPS and Echosounder are provided in the CSV 2022015FA_Truro_raw_bathymetry.csv 7. Gridded Seafloor_z values onto 1 m resolution UTM eastings, northings using MATLAB file exchange script regularizedata3d by Jamal (2020), a cubic interpolation with the optimum smoothness coefficient determined by a Monte Carlo optimization procedure for the data regularization. Regularizedata3d entailed removing one cross-shore line of data from the processing and adjusting the smoothness parameter so the overall surface fit best fits the removed data. The process was then repeated for all the lines of data. The optimized smoothing parameter was used with all the data for the final processing. 8. The MATLAB function 'roipoly' returned the mask as a binary image, which sets pixels inside the region of interest (ROI) to 1 and pixels outside the ROI to 0. The boundary was developed so that there were no extrapolated bathymetry data outside the tracklines. The mask’s extent was the convex hull of the tracklines positions (x,y) and a bounding z coordinate of 0.8 represented the surface in reference to NAVD88 in meters. 9. Exported gridded 1 m data in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 19N in NAVD88 meters as a GeoTIFF: 2022015FA_Truro_Bathymetry_1m.tif. Note that using NAVD88 as a height means that the depths are not true-depths, but the elevation of the seafloor above or below the geoid. Jamal (2020). RegularizeData3D (https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/46223-regularizedata3d), MATLAB Central File Exchange. Retrieved September 23, 2020. Process_Date: 202203 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Peter Traykovski Contact_Organization: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Contact_Position: Associate Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 226 Woods Hole Rd, MS #12 City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-289-2638 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ptraykovski@whoi.edu Process_Step: Process_Description: Bathymetry grid was turned into a cloud-optimized GeoTIFF (COG) using gdal_translate with the following command: for %i in (.\*.tif) do gdal_translate %i .\cog\%~ni_cog.tif -of COG -stats -co BLOCKSIZE=256 -co COMPRESS=DEFLATE -co PREDICTOR=YES -co NUM_THREADS=ALL_CPUS -co BIGTIFF=YES (v. 3.1.4 accessed October 20, 2020 https://gdal.org/), where i is the name of each GeoTIFF section. Process_Date: 202207 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jin-Si R. Over Contact_Organization: U.S Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2297 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jover@usgs.gov Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 19 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -69.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1 Ordinate_Resolution: 1 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 (National Spatial Reference System 2011) Ellipsoid_Name: GRS_1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2022015FA_Truro_Bathymetry_1m_cog.tif Entity_Type_Definition: A 1-m cloud optimized GeoTIFF with encoded elevation values offshore at Head of the Meadow Beach, Truro, MA on March 18, 2022. Pixel row and column count are 874 and 787, respectively. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: Value Attribute_Definition: Surface elevation orthometric height NAVD88 (m) using Geoid 2012B in NAD83(2011) UTM Zone 19N Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -12.439 Range_Domain_Maximum: -0.099 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: -999999 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No data Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer-defined Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2022015FA_Truro_raw_bathymetry.csv Entity_Type_Definition: A CSV file of the raw navigation GPS trackline data, echosounder returns, and seafloor elevation at Head of the Meadow Beach, Truro, MA on March 18, 2022. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: INFO Attribute_Definition: USGS Field Activity number Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2022-015-FA Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Year, ID, and Field Activity abbreviation Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date Attribute_Definition: Date at which values were taken in the format MM/DD/YYYY Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character string Attribute: Attribute_Label: GPS_Time_UTC Attribute_Definition: Time of GPS data in UTC, corrected with 18 sec delay in HH:MM:SS Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 14:52:38 Range_Domain_Maximum: 16:20:44 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude_NAD83_2011 Attribute_Definition: Post-processed kinematic (PPK) latitude of GNSS antenna position relative to NAD83(2011). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 42.051347166 Range_Domain_Maximum: 42.059105169 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude_NAD83_2011 Attribute_Definition: Post-processed kinematic (PPK) longitude of GNSS antenna position relative to NAD83(2011). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -70.079824915 Range_Domain_Maximum: -70.070474236 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: Easting_UTM19N Attribute_Definition: Post-processed kinematic (PPK) X-coordinates in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 19N. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 410646.024 Range_Domain_Maximum: 411424.882 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Northing_UTM19N Attribute_Definition: Post-processed kinematic (PPK) Y-coordinates in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 19N. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4656036.472 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4656897.928 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: GPS_z Attribute_Definition: Post-processed kinematic (PPK) position (Z-coordinates) of the GNSS receiver in reference to NAVD88 in meters on the autonomous survey vehicle. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.881 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.151 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Echo_z Attribute_Definition: The range to the seafloor from the echosounder in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -14.024 Range_Domain_Maximum: -0.893 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Seafloor_z_NAVD88 Attribute_Definition: Elevation in meters of the seafloor in NAVD88, calculated by subtracting the Antenna_Z_offset (0.25 meters) from the GPS_z and adding the Echo_z. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -12.855 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.066 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The GeoTIFF has 787 columns and 874 rows, and the 2022015FA_Truro_raw_bathymetry.csv has 26,433 records. The cloud-optimized GeoTIFF is in 32-bit floating point format representing elevation in meters relative to the NAVD88 datum. The CSV contains post-processed navigation GNSS data and the raw echosounder data as given in the Entity and Attribute Information section. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS Field Activity 2022-015-FA Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888- 275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Cloud-optimized GeoTIFF 1m grid of bathymetric data (2022015FA_Truro_Bathymetry_1m_cog.tif) and CSV of raw GPS and echosounder data(2022015FA_Truro_raw_bathymetry.csv). Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF Format_Version_Number: 1.0.0 Format_Specification: 32-bit floating point GeoTIFF format Transfer_Size: 0.893 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/62e009cfd34e952be9098186 Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/62e009cfd34e952be9098186 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GEVWG1 Access_Instructions: The first link in the list above is to directly download the data (GeoTIFF and CSV). The second link is to the data page where files can be downloaded individually, and the third link is to the publication landing page. Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: CSV Format_Version_Number: Exported from Excel Office 365 16.01 Format_Information_Content: The CSV files contains trackline and echosounder data. Transfer_Size: 2.07 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/62e009cfd34e952be9098186 Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/62e009cfd34e952be9098186 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GEVWG1 Access_Instructions: The first link in the list above is to directly download the data (GeoTIFF and CSV). The second link is to the data page where files can be downloaded individually, and the third link is to the publication landing page. Fees: None. Technical_Prerequisites: These data are available as a 32-bit floating point GeoTIFF image. To utilize these data, the user must have an image viewer, image processing, GIS software package capable of importing a GeoTIFF image. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20220919 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jin-Si R. Over Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: U.S. Geological Survey Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2297 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998