Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2019 Title: Location of bottom photographs along with images collected in July 2016 by the U.S. Geological Survey off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, during field activity 2016-037-FA (JPEG images, point shapefile, and CSV file) Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster, vector, and tabular digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9HZHXXV Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5c926dcfe4b0938824573d66 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Seth D. Ackerman Originator: David S. Foster Originator: William W. Danforth Originator: Emily C. Huntley Publication_Date: 2019 Title: High-resolution geophysical and sampling data collected off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, 2016 Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9HZHXXV Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Ackerman S.D., Foster D.S., Danforth W.W., and Huntley, E.C., 2019, High-resolution geophysical and sampling data collected off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5c7fe3afe4b0938824443b00 Description: Abstract: Geophysical and geological survey data were collected off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, in May and July 2016. Approximately 130 linear kilometers of subbottom (seismic-reflection) and 234-kilohertz interferometric sonar (bathymetric and backscatter) data were collected along with sediment samples, sea floor photographs, and (or) video at 26 sites within the geophysical survey area. Sediment grab samples were collected at 19 of the 26 sampling sites and video and (or) photographic imagery of the sea floor were taken at all 26 sites. These survey data are used to characterize the sea floor by identifying sediment-texture, seabed morphology, and underlying geologic structure and stratigraphy. Data collected during these 2016 surveys are included in this data release: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV. More information can be found on the websites for the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center field activities at https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-017-FA and https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-037-FA. Purpose: This dataset is used to display the images and locations of bottom photographs acquired with a GoPro HERO4 Black digital camera on the Mini SEABed Observation and Sampling System (MiniSEABOSS) aboard the Research Vessel (R/V) Rafael by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center during USGS field activity 2016-037-FA (July 15, 2016). Imagery data serve as a means to visually classify grain size and are especially important for sites where no physical sediment sample was collected. Supplemental_Information: Bottom video, which may provide a better representation of the general seabed environment over a larger area, was also collected at each station (see shapefile 2016-037-FA_videos.shp available from the larger work citation). Physical sediment samples, which provide additional information about the seabed, were also collected at most stations and analyzed in the sediment laboratory at the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (see 2016-037-FA_samples.csv available from the larger work citation). For more information about this field activity, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-037-FA. The sampling data were collected to ground truth (verify) acoustic data collected during USGS field activity 2016-017-FA. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20160715 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.495902 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.459695 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.783768 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.764300 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:5c926dcfe4b0938824573d66 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: ground-truth Theme_Keyword: bottom photographs Theme_Keyword: seabed photographs Theme_Keyword: photos Theme_Keyword: bottom imagery Theme_Keyword: seabed imagery Theme_Keyword: imagery Theme_Keyword: stations Theme_Keyword: seafloor Theme_Keyword: sea floor Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: sediments Theme_Keyword: SEABOSS Theme_Keyword: SEABed Observation and Sampling System Theme_Keyword: Van Veen grab sampler Theme_Keyword: GoPro HERO4 Black Theme_Keyword: shapefile Theme_Keyword: JPG Theme_Keyword: JPEG Theme_Keyword: field activity 2016-037-FA Theme_Keyword: R/V Rafael Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: underwater photography Theme_Keyword: image collections Theme_Keyword: photography Theme_Keyword: navigational data Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: sea-floor characteristics Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: location Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: North America Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: Gulf of Maine Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Cape Cod Bay Place_Keyword: Cape Cod Place_Keyword: Sandwich Place_Keyword: Town Neck Beach Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: sea floor Stratum_Keyword: seafloor Stratum_Keyword: seabed Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword: 2016 Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2315 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5c926dcfe4b0938824573d66/?name=2016-037-FA_photos_browse.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Image of bottom photograph locations off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: D. Blackwood Originator: K. Parolski Publication_Date: 2001 Title: Seabed observation and sampling system Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Sea Technology Issue_Identification: v. 42, no. 2, p. 39-43 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Arlington, VA Publisher: Compass Publications, Inc. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: F.P. Shepard Publication_Date: 1954 Title: Nomenclature based on sand-silt-clay ratios Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology Issue_Identification: v. 24, no. 3., p. 151-158 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Tulsa, OK Publisher: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1306/D4269774-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: J.S. Schlee Publication_Date: 1973 Title: Atlantic continental shelf and slope of the United States - sediment texture of the northeastern part Series_Information: Series_Name: Professional Paper Issue_Identification: 529-L Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp529L Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: L.J. Poppe Originator: K.Y. McMullen Originator: S.J. Williams Originator: V.F. Paskevich Publication_Date: 2014 Title: USGS east-coast sediment analysis: Procedures, database, and GIS data Edition: 3.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2005-1001 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1001/ Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Bottom photos were acquired with a 12-megapixel GoPro HERO4 Black camera with the default settings; file sizes are generally between 1 and 3 MB on disc. Camera time drift and the precision with which the camera time can be set often result in an offset. The GoPro HERO4 Black camera time was set to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); calibration photographs with the navigation system indicate that the camera time was 25 seconds ahead of the Global Positioning System (GPS) time throughout the survey. This time offset was corrected in the imagery processing. Logical_Consistency_Report: Two GoPro HERO4 Black cameras were mounted on the MiniSEABOSS: a lower camera, which acquired bottom photos and backup video, and an upper camera, which recorded additional backup bottom video. All bottom photographs were acquired with the lower GoPro camera. Gaps in sequential photo numbers exist because only the best one to three photos per station were selected for publication. Completeness_Report: This dataset includes bottom photographs in JPEG format and a CSV file and shapefile of the locations of images collected during USGS survey 2016-037-FA. Twenty-six stations were occupied within the study area, and bottom photos were acquired at 25 of the stations with a GoPro HERO4 Black digital camera mounted on the MiniSEABOSS. The best one to three photos per station from all but one station (station 2016-037-001) are included in this dataset for a total of 51 images. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The original JPEG images alone do not represent spatial data; however, the images were geolocated during post-processing by linking the time the photo was taken to the corresponding time in the navigation data. Sources of horizontal inaccuracy may be due to the camera time or navigation data. The GoPro HERO4 Black camera time was 25 seconds ahead of the GPS time throughout the survey, so this time offset was corrected in the imagery processing. Navigation for survey 2016-037-FA used Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS). The DGPS was set to receive fixes at a one-second interval in geographic coordinates (World Geodetic System of 1984 [WGS 84]). The recorded position of each photo is the position of the DGPS antenna on the survey vessel, located on the aft of the R/V Rafael's cabin just port of the centerline, not the location of the MiniSEABOSS sampler. The MiniSEABOSS was deployed approximately 2 meters to the starboard side of the DGPS antenna. No layback or offset was applied to the recorded position. In addition to the +/- 2-meter offset, the sampler may drift away from the survey vessel when deployed to the sea floor. Based on the various sources of horizontal offsets, a conservative estimate of the horizontal accuracy of the bottom photograph locations is 2-4 meters. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: Unpublished Material Title: Bottom photographs and navigation data Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster and tabular digital data Type_of_Source_Media: disc Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20160715 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Original JPEG photographs and raw navigation files Source_Contribution: Bottom photographs were acquired using the MiniSEABOSS. The observations from still and video cameras and the sediment data are used to explore the nature of the sea floor and, in conjunction with high-resolution geophysical data, to make interpretive maps of sedimentary environments and validate acoustic remote sensing data. This setup of the MiniSEABOSS incorporates two GoPro HERO4 Black digital cameras, a downward-looking SeaViewer 6000 HD Sea-Drop video camera with topside feed, a modified Van Veen sediment sampler, and a dive light. A compass and depth sensor were attached to the sampler as well and are sometimes visible in the top-mounted GoPro to be used for troubleshooting as necessary. The elements of this particular MiniSEABOSS system are held within a stainless-steel frame that measures ~1 x 1 meters. The frame has a stabilizer fin that orients the system as it drifts over the seabed. A dive light was mounted at the top of the frame and aimed downward to illuminate the seabed for photographs. One of the GoPro HERO4 Black cameras was mounted lower, approximately 40 centimeters from the bottom, on the MiniSEABOSS frame and captured bottom photos every 5 seconds and backup video, while the other was mounted higher, approximately 70 centimeters from the bottom of the frame, and recorded additional backup bottom video. Two red lasers were set 20 centimeters apart (both as they are mounted on the MiniSEABOSS frame and as seen in photographs and video on the seabed) for scale measurements. The red laser dots can usually be seen in the imagery depending on the bottom type and distance to the sea floor. A third laser is positioned at an angle so that when it intersects the other lasers, the MiniSEABOSS is at the optimum height (approximately 75 centimeters) off the bottom for a still photograph. The R/V Rafael occupied one of the target stations and the MiniSEABOSS was deployed off the vessel's starboard side. The winch operator lowered the sampler until the sea floor was observed in the top-side live video feed. The vessel and sampler drifted with wind and current for up to a few minutes to ensure a decent image with a clear view of the sea floor and then at most stations the winch operator lowered the Van Veen sampler until it rested on the sea floor. When the system was raised, the Van Veen sampler closed and collected a sample as it was lifted off the sea floor. The sampler was recovered to the deck of the survey vessel where a subsample was taken for analysis at the sediment laboratory at the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center. Sediment samples were only attempted in areas where collecting a sample would not damage the MiniSEABOSS; therefore, no samples were collected in areas with a cobble, boulder, or rocky seabed, as identified in real time using the top-side live video feed. The camera time during this survey was set to UTC; calibration photographs with the navigation system indicate that the camera time was 25 seconds ahead of the GPS time throughout the survey, so this time offset was corrected in the imagery processing. The imaged area is most often within 0.5 to 1.25 meters from left to right. DGPS navigation from a Hemisphere DGPS receiver was logged through HYPACK navigation software and a DataBridge data logger. The DGPS was set to receive fixes at a one-second interval in geographic coordinates (WGS 84). A log file for the survey was saved in ASCII text format. Process_Step: Process_Description: Twenty-six stations were occupied aboard the R/V Rafael during USGS survey 2016-037-FA with the MiniSEABOSS (Blackwood and Parolski, 2001). The MiniSEABOSS was equipped with a Van Veen grab sampler, two GoPro HERO4 Black digital cameras (a lower camera, which captured bottom photos every 5 seconds and backup video, and an upper camera, which recorded additional backup bottom video), and a downward-looking SeaViewer 6000 HD Sea-Drop video camera. The R/V Rafael occupied one of the target stations, the MiniSEABOSS was deployed, and then the vessel and MiniSEABOSS drifted with wind and current for up to a few minutes to ensure a decent image with a clear view of the sea floor. Bottom photos were acquired at all but one station (station 2016-037-001). Process_Date: 20160715 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Original JPEG photographs Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2315 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: DGPS navigation from a Hemisphere DGPS receiver was logged through HYPACK navigation software and a DataBridge data logger. The DGPS was set to receive fixes at a one-second interval in geographic coordinates (WGS 84). Dates and times were recorded in UTC. A log file for the survey was saved in ASCII text format. An AWK script (awkhypack.gpgga_v0_9.awk) was run on the log file to parse for the GPGGA navigation string and create an ASCII Comma Separated Value (CSV) text file. The output file was then reformatted using an AWK script (nav_time_reformat.awk), creating a final processed navigation file for the entire sampling survey. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Raw navigation file Process_Date: 20160719 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Processed navigation file Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2315 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Bottom photographs were reviewed to select the best one to three photos per station with a clear view of the sea floor for publication. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Original JPEG photographs Process_Date: 20160804 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Selected JPEG photographs Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2315 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The original JPEG images alone do not represent spatial data; however, they can be geolocated by linking the time the image was taken, which was recorded in the JPEG files' Exchangeable image file format (Exif) headers, to the corresponding time in the navigation log. Camera time drift and the precision with which the camera time can be set often result in a time offset. The GoPro HERO4 Black camera time was set to UTC; calibration photographs with the navigation system indicate that the camera time was 25 seconds ahead of the GPS time throughout the survey, so this time offset was corrected in the imagery processing by subtracting 25 seconds from the camera time to derive the GPS time. To geolocate the bottom photos, a CSV file was created by matching the GPS time for the photos with a CSV file of the parsed navigation fixes in Microsoft Excel 2016 for Mac. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Selected JPEG photographs Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Processed navigation file Process_Date: 201806 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Bottom photo locations CSV file Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Emily Huntley Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer/Database Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ehuntley@contractor.usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The bottom photo locations CSV file was reorganized to have fields for the filename, latitude, longitude, GPS date, and GPS time. A Python script (MCZM_writeexif_2_readfile.py) was run that incorporated the matched-up location data, along with additional survey information, into the appropriate tags in the Exif header of each JPEG image. The Python script uses ExifTool (version 10.17) to write the information to the image headers. Information is duplicated in some tags because various software packages access different tags. Please note that depending on the software used to view the Exif header tags, only a subset of these tags may be extracted. The following tags were populated in the JPEG image headers: GPS tags (these values are unique for each image and based on the matched-up location data): GPSLatitudeRef GPSLatitude GPSLongitudeRef GPSLongitude GPSTimeStamp GSPDateStamp JPEG tag and the information used to populate this tag, which is the same for every image: Comment: Photo from down-looking camera on the USGS SEABOSS deployed from the R/V Rafael during survey 2016-037-FA (https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-037-FA). Exif tags and the information used to populate these tags, which is the same for every image: ImageDescription: Photograph of the sea floor offshore of Town Neck Beach, Sandwich, Massachusetts, from survey 2016-037-FA Artist: Seth D. Ackerman Copyright: Public Domain - please credit U.S. Geological Survey International Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC) tags and the information used to populate these tags, which is the same for every image: Credit: U.S. Geological Survey Contact: WHSC_data_contact@usgs.gov Keywords: Town Neck Beach, Sandwich, Massachusetts, 2016-037-FA, SEABOSS, sea floor, USGS CopyrightNotice: Public Domain - please credit U.S. Geological Survey Caption-Abstract: Photograph of the sea floor offshore of Town Neck Beach, Sandwich, Massachusetts, from survey 2016-037-FA Extensible Metadata Platform (XMP) tag and the information used to populate this tag, which is the same for every image: Caption: Photograph of the sea floor offshore of Town Neck Beach, Sandwich, Massachusetts, from survey 2016-037-FA To extract the information from the image headers using ExifTool, the following command can be used (tested with ExifTool version 10.17): exiftool -csv -f -filename -GPSTimeStamp -GPSDateStamp -GPSLongitude -GPSLatitude -n -Artist -Credit -comment -keywords -Caption -Copyright -CopyrightNotice -Caption-Abstract -ImageDescription *.JPG > out.csv The -csv option writes the information to a CSV file. The -n option formats the latitude and longitude as signed decimal degrees. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Selected JPEG photographs Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Bottom photo locations CSV file Process_Date: 201806 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Updated Exif JPEG photographs Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Emily Huntley Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer/Database Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ehuntley@contractor.usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Microsoft Excel 2016 for Mac was used to add new fields to the bottom photo locations CSV file, including an attribute for the camera (CAMERA), time offset applied to the camera time (TIMEOFFSET), Julian day of collection (JD), year of collection (YEAR), survey ID (FA_ID), sampling device used to collect the imagery (DEVICE_ID), and survey vessel (VEHICLE_ID). A field of the station number (FIELD_NO) was also added by using an array formula to find the nearest station time from the data acquisition log. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Bottom photo locations CSV file Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Data acquisition log Process_Date: 201812 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Edited bottom photo locations CSV file Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Emily Huntley Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer/Database Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ehuntley@contractor.usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: A shapefile was created using the bottom photo locations CSV file in Esri ArcGIS (version 10.3.1). XTools Pro (version 12.0) for Esri ArcGIS was used to modify field parameters (Table Operations - Table Restructure) in the point shapefile. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Edited bottom photo locations CSV file Process_Date: 201812 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Bottom photo locations shapefile Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Emily Huntley Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer/Database Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ehuntley@contractor.usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The photographs were renamed to include the field activity identifier, camera, and date and time in the ISO 8601 standard in the filename. Renaming the photos was done by creating a shell script with the original photo name and the new photo name with the date and time information parsed from the photo's Exif metadata. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Updated Exif JPEG photographs Process_Date: 20190225 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Final Updated Exif JPEG photographs Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2315 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The shapefile field of the bottom photograph names (PICNAME) was updated to match the new photo filenames, which include the field activity identifier, camera, and date and time in the ISO 8601 standard. Several attributes were also added to the shapefile using the Spatial Join tool in Esri ArcGIS (version 10.3.1). First, the bottom photo locations shapefile was projected to WGS 84 UTM Zone 19N so that the distance in meters to the closest sediment sample could be calculated when running the Spatial Join tool. Next, a shapefile of the sediment sample locations was created in Esri ArcGIS using the sediment grain-size analysis CSV file. The Spatial Join tool was then run with the sediment samples shapefile to assign the station number of the closest sediment sample (NEAR_SMP), the sediment classification of the nearest sample (NEAR_CLASS), and the distance in meters between the bottom image and nearest sediment sample (DST_TO_SMP). The shapefile was then projected back to WGS 84 and unnecessary fields created when running the Spatial Join tool were deleted (i.e., Join_Count and TARGET_FID). The Spatial Join tool was run a second time with the bottom video tracklines shapefile to calculate the video trackline (LINENAME) for each bottom image using the intersect match option with a search radius of 2 meters. Unnecessary fields created when running the Spatial Join tool were deleted (i.e., Join_Count and TARGET_FID). Finally, the shapefile's attribute table was exported in Esri ArcGIS and saved as a CSV file. The FID field was deleted in the CSV file. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Bottom photo locations shapefile Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Sediment grain-size analysis CSV file (2016-037-FA_samples.csv) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Bottom video tracklines shapefile (2016-037-FA_videos.shp) Process_Date: 201903 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Final bottom photo locations shapefile Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Final bottom photo locations CSV file Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Emily Huntley Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer/Database Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ehuntley@contractor.usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20200807 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 51 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2016-037-FA_photos Entity_Type_Definition: Bottom photo locations and bottom photos collected during USGS survey 2016-037-FA off Town Neck Beach, Sandwich, Massachusetts, in 2016. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: PICNAME Attribute_Definition: Name of bottom photograph used to uniquely identify between cameras and images: e.g., 2016037FA_GoPro4_20160715T132618Z_G0010273.JPG where 2016037FA refers to the field activity identifier, GoPro4 refers to the camera, 20160715T132618Z refers to the date and start time in the ISO 8601 standard (YYYYMMDD T [time separator] HHMMSS Z [Zulu/UTC time]), and G0010273.JPG refers to the sequential image number assigned to the photo by the camera. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: String used to distinguish images. Attribute: Attribute_Label: CAMERA Attribute_Definition: Camera used to collect bottom photograph. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: String used to distinguish between different camera models mounted on the grab sampler; however, for this survey, only one camera was used to collect bottom photos. Attribute: Attribute_Label: GPSTIME Attribute_Definition: UTC time of bottom photograph from GPS navigation file in the format HH:MM:SS. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: String used to distinguish the UTC times of the bottom photos determined by the GPS. Attribute: Attribute_Label: CAMR_TIME Attribute_Definition: Camera time of bottom photograph in the format HH:MM:SS. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: String used to distinguish the camera times of the bottom photos determined from the camera's internal clock. Attribute: Attribute_Label: TIMEOFFSET Attribute_Definition: Offset applied, if any, to match the bottom photograph to the correct time determined by the GPS navigation. This field is the time difference between the camera time and the GPS time in UTC in the format HH:MM:SS. A value of "00:00:00" indicates no offset was applied in processing. If the camera time were X seconds behind the GPS time, a positive offset of +X would be applied. If the camera were Y seconds ahead of the GPS time, a negative offset of -Y would be applied. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: String used to distinguish the offset times of the bottom photos. Attribute: Attribute_Label: JD Attribute_Definition: Julian day that the bottom photograph was collected based on UTC time; Julian day is the integer number representing the interval of time in days since January 1 of the year (2016 for these data). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 197 Range_Domain_Maximum: 197 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: days Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: YEAR Attribute_Definition: Year that the bottom photograph was collected (2016 for these data). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 2016 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2016 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: years Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: DATE Attribute_Definition: UTC date that the bottom photograph was collected in the format YYYYMMDD. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: String used to distinguish dates. Attribute: Attribute_Label: LAT Attribute_Definition: Latitude of bottom photograph in geographic coordinates, WGS 84. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 41.7643000 Range_Domain_Maximum: 41.7837683 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0000001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: LONG Attribute_Definition: Longitude of bottom photograph in geographic coordinates, WGS 84. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -70.4959017 Range_Domain_Maximum: -70.4596950 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0000001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: FIELD_NO Attribute_Definition: Station number as assigned in the field. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: String used to distinguish station numbers. Attribute: Attribute_Label: LINENAME Attribute_Definition: Name of bottom video used to uniquely identify between cameras and video files: e.g., 2016037FA_SeaViewer_20160715T131053Z_CLIP0000004.mp4 where 2016037FA refers to the field activity identifier, SeaViewer refers to the camera, 20160715T131053Z refers to the date and start time in the ISO 8601 standard (YYYYMMDD T [time separator] HHMMSS Z [Zulu/UTC time]), and CLIP0000004.mp4 refers to the sequential video number assigned to the video by the camera. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: String used to distinguish bottom videos. Attribute: Attribute_Label: NEAR_SMP Attribute_Definition: Field number of the nearest sediment sample from USGS survey 2016-037-FA. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: String used to distinguish station numbers. Attribute: Attribute_Label: NEAR_CLASS Attribute_Definition: Sediment classification based on a rigorous definition (Shepard [1954] as modified by Schlee [1973] and Poppe and others [2014]) of the nearest sediment sample from USGS sampling survey 2016-037-FA. In the definitions below, gravel is defined as particles with nominal diameters greater than 2 mm; sand consists of particles with nominal diameters less than 2 mm, but greater than or equal to 0.0625 mm; silt consists of particles with nominal diameters less than 0.0625 mm, but greater than or equal to 0.004 mm; and clay consists of particles with nominal diameters less than 0.004 mm. Attribute_Definition_Source: Modified from USGS East-Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: gravel Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Gravel equal to or greater than 50 percent. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS East-Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: gravelly sediment Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Gravel equal to or greater than 10 percent, but less than 50 percent. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS East-Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: sand Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sand equal to or greater than 75 percent. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS East-Coast Sediment Texture Database data dictionary Attribute: Attribute_Label: DST_TO_SMP Attribute_Definition: Distance in meters to the nearest sediment sample from USGS survey 2016-037-FA. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 781.7 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: FA_ID Attribute_Definition: USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center field activity identifier (e.g., 2016-037-FA where 2016 is the survey year, 037 is survey number of that year, and FA is Field Activity). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: String used to distinguish field activities by year and ID number. Attribute: Attribute_Label: DEVICE_ID Attribute_Definition: Sampling device used to collect the bottom photograph. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: String used to identify the sampling configuration used during the survey. Attribute: Attribute_Label: VEHICLE_ID Attribute_Definition: Vehicle (ship) used to collect data during survey 2016-037-FA. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: String used to identify the survey vessel. Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The CSV file has the same attributes, except for FID (which is not included), with the same definitions. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey-ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: USGS data release 2016-037-FA contains bottom photo locations and images of the sea floor collected off Town Neck Beach, Sandwich, Massachusetts (2016-037-FA_photos.zip). This dataset contains the following files: a shapefile of the bottom photo locations (2016-037-FA_photos.shp); a CSV file of the bottom photo locations (2016-037-FA_photos.csv); 51 bottom images from the GoPro HERO4 Black digital camera; a browse graphic of bottom photo locations (2016-037-FA_photos_browse.jpg); and Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM) metadata files in three standard formats. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Shapefile Format_Version_Number: Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1 Format_Specification: Shapefile Format_Information_Content: This dataset contains a shapefile and CSV file of bottom photo locations and JPEG images of the sea floor collected by the U.S. Geological Survey Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center off Town Neck Beach, Sandwich, Massachusetts, in 2016 and the associated metadata. Transfer_Size: 100.5 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5c926dcfe4b0938824573d66 Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5c926dcfe4b0938824573d66 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV Access_Instructions: The first link is to the page containing the data. The second is a direct link to download all data available from the page as a zip file. The final link is to the publication landing page. The data page (first link) may have additional data access options, including web services. Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: CSV Format_Version_Number: Microsoft Excel 2016 for Mac Format_Specification: Comma Separated Value (CSV) text file Format_Information_Content: This dataset contains a shapefile and CSV file of bottom photo locations and JPEG images of the sea floor collected by the U.S. Geological Survey Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, in 2016 and the associated metadata. Transfer_Size: 100.5 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5c926dcfe4b0938824573d66 Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5c926dcfe4b0938824573d66 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV Access_Instructions: The first link is to the page containing the data. The second is a direct link to download the zip file of the data and metadata. The third link is to the publication landing page where additional datasets from this survey are available. Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: JPEG Format_Information_Content: This dataset contains a shapefile and CSV file of bottom photo locations and JPEG images of the sea floor collected by the U.S. Geological Survey Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center off Town Neck Beach, Sandwich, Massachusetts, in 2016 and the associated metadata. Transfer_Size: 100.5 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5c926dcfe4b0938824573d66 Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5c926dcfe4b0938824573d66 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV Access_Instructions: The first link is to the page containing the data. The second is a direct link to download the zip file of the data and metadata. The third link is to the publication landing page where additional datasets from this survey are available. Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: This dataset contains data available as a point shapefile, a CSV file, and JPEG image files. The user must have software capable of reading shapefile format to use the point shapefile. The CSV file can be read with a text editor. An image viewer can be used to see the JPEG images. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20200807 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Emily Huntley Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer/Database Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ehuntley@contractor.usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time