Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 20220609 Title: Locations and grain-size analysis results of sediment samples collected in the vicinity of Buffalo Reef, Michigan, within Lake Superior during USGS Field Activity 2021-005-FA using the USGS MiniSEABOSS (CSV, GCS WGS 84) Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9NJY125 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NJY125 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/623c9211d34e915b67d395e7 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Brian D. Andrews Originator: Walter A. Barnhardt Originator: Eric M. Moore Originator: Alex R. Nichols Originator: Seth D. Ackerman Originator: Patrick J. Berube Publication_Date: 2022 Title: High-resolution geophysical and sample data collected in the vicinity of Buffalo Reef, Michigan, within Lake Superior, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2021-005-FA Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9NJY125 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Andrews, B.D., Barnhardt, W.A., Moore, E.M., Nichols, A.R., Ackerman, S.D., and Berube, P.J. 2022, High-resolution geophysical and sample data collected in the vicinity of Buffalo Reef, Michigan, within Lake Superior, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2021-005-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NJY125 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NJY125 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/623c8967d34e915b67d39473 Description: Abstract: In August 2021, the U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, collected high-resolution geophysical data, sediment samples, and bottom imagery to determine the distribution of historical mine tailings on the floor of Lake Superior. Large amounts of waste material from copper mining, locally known as “stamp sands,” were dumped into the lake in the early 20th century, with wide-reaching consequences that have continued into the present. Mapping was focused offshore of the town of Gay on the Keweenaw Peninsula of Michigan, where ongoing erosion and re-deposition of the stamp sands has buried miles of native, white-sand beaches. Stamp sands are also encroaching onto Buffalo Reef, a large area of cobble/boulder substrate that supports productive fisheries in the lake. The objectives of this cooperative mapping project are to develop a framework for scientific research and provide baseline information required for management of resources within the coastal zone of northern Michigan. High-resolution bathymetry and backscatter data reveal the irregular topography of the shallow, cobble-covered Buffalo Reef and the relatively smooth surface of finer-grained sediment that covers adjacent, deeper parts of the lake floor. Previous research used numerous sediment samples to determine the general distribution of mine tailings on the lake floor in this area, but little information exists on the extent and thickness of the surficial deposits. The main priority of this project is to image the near-surface stratigraphy, specifically the thickness of surficial sand and mud that threaten to cover the reef, with seismic-reflection profiling systems. In addition to continuous coverage of bathymetric and backscatter data, this project collected a dense grid of closely spaced seismic profiles in 2018, which will guide efforts to mitigate the environmental impacts of the shifting stamp sands. This 2021 (2021-005-FA) survey is the second survey conducted by the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (WHCMSC) in Grand Traverse Bay, Houghton County MI. The first survey conducted in September 2018 (2018-043-FA) was a regional geologic framework study that covered a large area (30 sq km) and lower resolution (2-m) and included both single-channel, and swept frequency (chirp) subbottom seismic profiles. Data from this survey were published in Andrews and other (2020), see cross-reference section below for details. The data from the 2018 survey was used to plan the higher resolution (less than 1-m) 2021 survey that covered a smaller area (14 sq km) focused on Buffalo Reef and included 410 bottom photographs, and 60 sediment samples collected using the MiniSEABOSS. Purpose: This dataset provides access to the locations and grain-size analysis results of surficial sediments collected with a modified Van Veen grab sampler on the Mini SEABed Observation and Sampling System (MiniSEABOSS) using the R/V Rafael, owned, and operated by the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center. These data were collected to characterize the lakebed by identifying sediment texture and to ground-truth acoustic data collected during the same USGS field activity. Supplemental_Information: Data were collected using the R/V Rafael, owned, and operated by the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center. Additional information on the field activity is available from https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2021-005-FA Field Activity 2021-005-FA was conducted in coordination with the USGS Great Lakes Science Center (GLSC), while they were surveying the inshore (shallow) portions of the study area concurrently. Multibeam depth and backscatter data collected by GLSC at the same time are published in Pecoraro and others 2022 (see cross reference below). Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20210813 Ending_Date: 20210815 Currentness_Reference: data were collected on the following dates: 20210813-20210815 (Julian day 225-227). Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.23546486 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.17093712 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 47.20907679 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 47.16931312 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Great Lakes Science Center Theme_Keyword: GLSC Theme_Keyword: Department of the Interior Theme_Keyword: DOI Theme_Keyword: field activity number 2021-005-FA Theme_Keyword: R/V Rafael Theme_Keyword: sediments Theme_Keyword: MiniSEABOSS Theme_Keyword: SEABOSS Theme_Keyword: SEABed Observation and Sampling System Theme_Keyword: Van Veen grab sampler Theme_Keyword: ground-truth Theme_Keyword: lakebed samples Theme_Keyword: sediment samples Theme_Keyword: sediment data Theme_Keyword: surficial sediment classification Theme_Keyword: gravel Theme_Keyword: sand Theme_Keyword: silt Theme_Keyword: clay Theme_Keyword: stations Theme_Keyword: ground-truth Theme_Keyword: CSV Theme_Keyword: Lacustrine Geology Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: lakebed characteristics Theme_Keyword: grab sampling Theme_Keyword: grain-size analysis Theme_Keyword: unconsolidated deposits Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:623c9211d34e915b67d395e7 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: United States of America Place_Keyword: Michigan Place_Keyword: Keweenaw Peninsula Place_Keyword: Keweenaw County Place_Keyword: Houghton County Place_Keyword: Lake Superior Place_Keyword: Buffalo Reef Place_Keyword: Grand Traverse Bay Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: lake floor Stratum_Keyword: lakefloor Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Temporal_Keyword: 2021 Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely re-distributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. These data are not to be used for navigation. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2315 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/623c9211d34e915b67d395e7?name=2021-005-FA_SEABOSS_samples_browse.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Browse graphic showing the extent of sediment sample locations within Grand Traverse Bay, Lake Superior, Michigan. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Brian D. Andrews Originator: Walter A. Barnhardt Originator: David S. Foster Originator: Barry J. Irwin Originator: Alex R. Nichols Publication_Date: 2020 Title: High-resolution geophysical data collected in the vicinity of Buffalo Reef, Michigan, within Lake Superior, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2018-043-FA Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9K4HX8V Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9K4HX8V Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5ddbd93ce4b06957976a56a8 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Samuel D. Pecoraro Originator: Anthony J. Arnold Originator: Peter C. Esselman Originator: Chris Wright Publication_Date: 2022 Title: High-resolution bathymetry and backscatter data from the Stamp Sands of Lake Superior collected using a Norbit iWBMSh multibeam echosounder during 2021 Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9LY9F09 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9LY9F09 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/62017127d34e622189da4d52 Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: The sediment samples were all collected with the same modified Van Veen grab sampler mounted on the MiniSEABOSS. This is the final Microsoft Excel spreadsheet returned to the submitting researcher after analysis in the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center sediment analysis laboratory. These data were checked but no modifications or corrections have been made to the file. Several replicate samples were run by the sediment lab, but those duplicate analyses are not included in this dataset. Completeness_Report: This dataset includes a Microsoft Excel table with the locations, and grain-size analysis results of the sediment samples collected during field activity 2021-005-FA. Physical sediment samples were collected at 60 sites occupied during the sampling survey. Each deployment of the MiniSEABOSS is generally considered a unique site; however, if a sample was not collected successfully, a second deployment may have been attempted using the same station number. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Navigation data were acquired using the WGS 84 coordinate system with a Hemisphere R131 DGPS receiver. DGPS positions were obtained from an antenna on the aft port side of the cabin of the R/V Rafael. DGPS positions are horizontally accurate to 0.5 - 2 meters. The horizontal offset between the antenna location and the SEABOSS deployment location (approximately 2-meter) is not accounted for. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The water depth recorded for each sample was derived using the vessel's fathometer as recorded in the survey log and used for the sediment sample water depth. These water depths are all uncorrected and are rough estimates +/- 1 meter. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: STEP 1: COLLECT SEDIMENT SAMPLES WITH THE MINISEABOSS. A geophysical and geological sampling survey (field activity 2021-005-FA) was conducted in Lake Superior, Michigan, in August 2021. The R/V Rafael occupied preselected target sites, and the MiniSEABOSS was deployed off the vessel's port side from a davit just aft of the cabin. The MiniSEABOSS was equipped with a modified Van Veen grab sampler, Canon PowerShot G12 digital still camera, an independent strobe, an oblique downward-looking monochrome video camera with a topside feed and a dive light to illuminate the lakebed for photograph collection. The elements of this particular MiniSEABOSS were held within a stainless-steel frame that measured ~1 x 1 meter. The frame had a stabilizer fin that oriented the system as it drifted over the lakebed. Two red lasers were set 20 centimeters apart (both as they were mounted on the MiniSEABOSS frame and as seen in photographs and video on the lake) for scale measurements. The red laser dots can usually be seen in the lakebed photos depending on the bottom type and distance to the bottom. The winch operator lowered the MiniSEABOSS until the lakebed was observed in the topside live video feed. Generally, the vessel and MiniSEABOSS drifted with wind and current for up to a few minutes to ensure a decent photo with a clear view of the lakebed was acquired. The Canon camera was triggered manually by an operator watching the video stream. The photographed area is usually 0.5 to 1.25 meters (across) from left to right. Bottom video used to guide the photo-taking and avoid obstacles was not recorded. Fourteen sites did not have any usable photographs. After photographs were taken, the winch operator lowered the Van Veen grab sampler until it rested on the bottom. When the system was raised, the Van Veen grab sampler closed and collected a sample as it was lifted off the lakebed. The sampler was recovered to the deck of the survey vessel where a photograph of the sample in the Van Veen grab was taken. Then a subsample was taken for grain-size analysis at the sediment laboratory at the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center. During the survey, DGPS navigation from a Hemisphere R131 DGPS receiver was logged through a serial connection to a computer running the Global Mapper software package to visualize and record the vessel's spatial location throughout the sampling survey. The DGPS was set to receive fixes at a 1-second interval in geographic coordinates (WGS 84). Dates and times were recorded in UTC. Log files were saved for each survey in NMEA text format. Process_Date: 20210815 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2315 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: STEP 2: SUBMIT SAMPLES TO USGS SEDIMENT LAB. Samples submitted to the sediment analysis laboratory for grain size analysis using the Horiba laser diffraction unit (LA-960) and sieving of the ≥ -2 phi fraction are assigned unique analysis identifiers (ANALYSIS_ID) and divided into batches of no more than 30 samples. Each batch is entered into a Microsoft Excel data entry spreadsheet (LD Worksheet Template_xxxx.xlsx, where xxxx is the identifier assigned to the sample submission) to record the initial and dried sample weights, as well as the sieved coarse fraction weights. Each batch is also is entered into macro-enabled Microsoft Excel data entry spreadsheets (GrainSizeWorksheet_LD1-30_xxxx(batch_yy).xlsm or GrainSizeWorksheet_LD31-600_xxxx(batch_yy).xlsm, where xxxx is the identifier assigned to the sample submission, “LD1-30” and “LD31-60” refer to the pre-labeled and weighed glass laser diffraction vials the samples will be run in, and “batch_yy” refers to the sample batch) to record the measurement data coming from the laser diffraction unit and incorporate the initial, dried, and sieved weights. About 10-15 grams of wet sediment are placed in a pre-weighed beaker and the gross weight is recorded. The sample is wet sieved through a 4 mm (No. 5) sieve. If there is any coarse fraction remaining in the sieve, the coarse material is oven dried at 100°C in a pre-weighed beaker and weighed again when dry. This coarse fraction is dry sieved to determine the individual weights of the -2 to -5 phi fractions, and the weights are recorded in the data entry spreadsheet LD Worksheet Template_xxxx.xlsx. The fine fraction in water is collected in a pre-labeled and weighed glass laser diffraction vial. If there is any coarse fraction remaining in the sieve from wet sieving, this vial is also oven dried at 100°C and weighed when dry. If there is no coarse fraction remaining from wet sieving, the sample can proceed directly to processing for analyses by the Horiba laser diffraction unit (LA-960). Fine fractions ready for analysis by the Horiba laser diffraction unit are rehydrated with distilled water if they’ve been dry. Fifteen (15) ml of pre-mixed 40 g/l sodium hexametaphosphate [(NaPO3)6] are added to each sample. If the height of the fluid in the laser diffraction vial is less than 5 cm, more distilled water is added to raise the level to no more than 8 cm in the vial. The samples are gently stirred, covered, and allowed to soak for at least 1 hour (for samples that were not dried) up to 24 hours (for samples that were dried). Soaked vials are placed into an ultrasonic bath and run for 10 minutes at a frequency of 37 Hz with a power level of 100. If the samples appear to be fully disaggregated, they are placed into pre-determined autosampler locations, and are run using the Horiba LA-960 for Windows software to get the fine fraction grain size distributions. The fine fraction distribution data are added to the appropriate data entry spreadsheets (GrainSizeWorksheet_LD1-30_xxxx(batch_yy).xlsm or GrainSizeWorksheet_LD31-600_xxxx(batch_yy).xlsm). The spreadsheet is used to calculate a continuous phi class distribution from the original fractions. Process_Date: 202202 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Lab Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Process_Step: Process_Description: STEP 3: QA/QC Continuous phi class distribution from the original fractions are transposed to the "results" tab in the macro-enabled Microsoft Excel data entry workbook (GrainSizeWorksheet_LD1-30_xxxx(batch_yy).xlsm or GrainSizeWorksheet_LD31-600_xxxx(batch_yy).xlsm, where xxxx is the identifier assigned to the sample submission, “LD1-30” and “LD31-60” refer to the pre-labeled and weighed glass laser diffraction vials the samples will be run in, and “batch_yy” refer to the sample batch). Macros in the workbook (“GS_MoM_Arithmatic,” "GS_statistics," and "sedimentname") are run to calculate grain size classification and statistical analyses and finish processing the data. Sample, navigation, and field identifiers, along with continuous phi class distribution data, grain size classification, and statistical analysis results are copied and pasted into a final Microsoft Excel spreadsheet (xxxx_GS-LD_results.xlsx, where xxxx is the batch number assigned to the sample submission). The processed data are quality control checked and assigned a quality grade based on the examination of the analytical data. Processed data are released to the submitter in xlsx and csv format and incorporated into the laboratory's database. All raw analytical data generated by the samples are archived in the sediment analysis laboratory. Process_Date: 202202 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: WHCMSC Sediment Laborator Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 60 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Depth_System_Definition: Depth_Datum_Name: none Depth_Resolution: 0.1 Depth_Distance_Units: meters Depth_Encoding_Method: Implicit coordinate Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2021-005-FA_SEABOSS_samples.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Data spreadsheet containing the grain size analysis results for sample submission of sediments from field activity 2021-005-FA, analyzed using the Horiba laser diffraction unit and sieving of the ≥ -2 phi fraction. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: ANALYSIS_ID Attribute_Definition: An identifier for the sample which is unique to the database. This identifier begins with the assigned multi-letter code GS-, which corresponds to the type of analysis performed on the sample (grain size analysis), followed by a six-digit number assigned sequentially as samples are registered for analysis. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character set Attribute: Attribute_Label: SAMPLE_ID Attribute_Definition: The identification value assigned to the sample at the time of collection. This varies from field activity to field activity and the ID can contain any combination of letters and numbers. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character set Attribute: Attribute_Label: PROJECT Attribute_Definition: Name of project or project number under which samples were taken or data generated; sometimes project name indicates a more specific area. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Mapping Buffalo Reef, Keweenaw Peninsula Attribute: Attribute_Label: FAN Attribute_Definition: The serial number assigned to the dataset field activity from which the sample belongs. This value is in the format YYYY-XXX-FA where YYYY is the year, XXX is the number assigned to the activity within the year, and FA indicates Field Activity. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: 2021-005-FA Attribute: Attribute_Label: SUBMITTER Attribute_Definition: Name of Principal investigator or chief scientist responsible for data collection, or researcher submitting samples for analysis (usually first initial and last name). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Barnhardt/Ackerman Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA Attribute_Definition: General geographic area of data collection. Name is general enough to easily locate area on a map. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Lake Superior, MI Attribute: Attribute_Label: LATITUDE Attribute_Definition: Latitude coordinate, in decimal-degrees, of sample location. South latitude recorded as negative values. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 47.16931312 Range_Domain_Maximum: 47.20907679 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: LONGITUDE Attribute_Definition: Longitude coordinate, in decimal degrees, of sample location. West longitude is recorded as negative values. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -88.23546486 Range_Domain_Maximum: -88.17093712 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: DEPTH_M Attribute_Definition: Measured depth of water overlying sediment at sample time, generally not corrected for tides, in meters. Entries with no depth indicated are left blank. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -23.54 Range_Domain_Maximum: -1.773 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1.0 Attribute: Attribute_Label: T_DEPTH Attribute_Definition: Top depth of the sample below the sediment-water interface, in centimeters. Entries with no depth indicated are left blank. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: centimeters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: B_DEPTH Attribute_Definition: Bottom depth of the sample below the sediment-water interface, in centimeters. Entries with no depth indicated are left blank. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 2 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: centimeter Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: DEVICE Attribute_Definition: Device used to collect the sample. Below lists all possible sample collection devices, please note that all devices may not be present in the table. Entries with no device indicated are left blank. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: MiniSEABOSS Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Collection device name provided by the sample submitter. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: DATE COLLECTED Attribute_Definition: Calendar date indicating when the sample was collected in the format MM/DD/YYYY where DD is the day of the month, MM is the numeric month, and YYYY is the year. Entries with no date indicated are left blank. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character set Attribute: Attribute_Label: ANALYSIS COMPLETION DATE Attribute_Definition: Calendar date indicating when analyses on the sample were completed in the format MM/DD/YYYY where DD is the day of the month, MM is the numeric month, and YYYY is the year. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character set Attribute: Attribute_Label: WEIGHT_WET Attribute_Definition: Wet weight of initial sample in grams. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 16.5582 Range_Domain_Maximum: 24.6666 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: grams Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: GRAVEL_PCT Attribute_Definition: Gravel content in percent dry weight of the sample (particles with nominal diameters greater than 2 mm; -1 phi and larger). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 38.69428687 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SAND_PCT Attribute_Definition: Sand content in percent dry weight of the sample (particles with nominal diameters less than 2 mm, but greater than or equal to 0.0625 mm; 0 phi through 4 phi). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 44.2425 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100.003 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SILT_PCT Attribute_Definition: Silt content in percent dry weight of the sample (particles with nominal diameters less than 0.0625 mm, but greater than or equal to 0.004 mm; 5 phi through 8 phi, inclusive). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 55.759 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAY_PCT Attribute_Definition: Clay content in percent dry weight of the sample (particles with nominal diameters less than 0.004 mm; 9 phi and smaller). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.5275 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLASSIFICATION (Shepard) Attribute_Definition: Sediment classification - Sediment description based on a rigorous definition, usually Shepard (1954) as modified by Schlee and Webster (1967), Schlee (1973), and Poppe and others (2005). Below lists all possible sediment classifications, please note that all classifications may not be present in the table. Attribute_Definition_Source: Shepard, F.P., 1954, Nomenclature based on sand-silt-clay ratios: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 24, p. 151-158. Schlee, J.S., and Webster, Jacqueline, 1967, A computer program for grain-size data: Sedimentology, v. 8, p. 45-54. Schlee, J.S., 1973, Atlantic continental shelf and slope of the United States—Sediment texture of the northeastern part: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 529–L, 64 p. Poppe, L.J., McMullen, K.Y., Williams, S.J., and Paskevich, V.F., eds., 2014, USGS east-coast sediment analysis: Procedures, database, and GIS data (ver. 3.0, November 2014): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1001. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: gravelly sediment Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sediment whose main phase is >2 mm, but with significant other sediment. Gravel > 10 percent. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: sand Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sediment whose main phase is less than 2 mm, but greater than or equal to 0.062 mm. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: sandy silt Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sediment whose main phase is silt, but with significant sand. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: silty sand Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sediment whose main phase in sand, but with significant silt. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEAN_L Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Logarithmic (φ):Average value in the grain size distribution in phi units. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -1.01567673 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4.2133875 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: phi Attribute: Attribute_Label: STDEV_L Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Logarithmic (φ):Standard deviation (root mean square of the deviations) of the grain size distribution in phi units (sorting). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.541025841 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.867489646 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: phi Attribute: Attribute_Label: SKEWNESS_L Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Logarithmic (φ):Skewness (deviation from symmetrical form) of the grain size distribution in phi units. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.271758758 Range_Domain_Maximum: 3.85964652 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: phi Attribute: Attribute_Label: KURTOSIS_L Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Logarithmic (φ):Kurtosis (degree of curvature near the mode) of the grain size distribution in phi units. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 2.195416557 Range_Domain_Maximum: 32.62042066 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: phi Attribute: Attribute_Label: D10_L Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Logarithmic (φ):Diameter at which 10% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -4.714285714 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.999661953 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: phi Attribute: Attribute_Label: D25_L Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Logarithmic (φ):Diameter at which 25% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -4.285714286 Range_Domain_Maximum: 3.438002891 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: phi Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEDIAN (D50_L Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Logarithmic (φ):Diameter at which 50% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value and 50% is larger; middle point in the grain size distribution in phi units. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.38067985 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4.162103189 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: phi Attribute: Attribute_Label: D75_L Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Logarithmic (φ):Diameter at which 75% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.019825346 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4.865981558 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: phi Attribute: Attribute_Label: D90_L Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Logarithmic (φ):Diameter at which 90% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.609359628 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5.812068647 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: phi Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEAN_A Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Arithmetic (μm):Average value in the grain size distribution in microns. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 63.9467968 Range_Domain_Maximum: 8451.508245 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: microns Attribute: Attribute_Label: STDEV_A Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Arithmetic (μm):Standard deviation (root mean square of the deviations) of the grain size distribution in microns (sorting). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 44.3598184 Range_Domain_Maximum: 10440.71195 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: microns Attribute: Attribute_Label: SKEWNESS_A Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Arithmetic (μm):Skewness (deviation from symmetrical form) of the grain size distribution in microns. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.609329993 Range_Domain_Maximum: 17.20261687 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: microns Attribute: Attribute_Label: KURTOSIS_A Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Arithmetic (μm):Kurtosis (degree of curvature near the mode) of the grain size distribution in microns. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.390895931 Range_Domain_Maximum: 327.5867935 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: microns Attribute: Attribute_Label: D10_A Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Arithmetic (μm):Diameter at which 10% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 19.92531909 Range_Domain_Maximum: 860.1380669 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: microns Attribute: Attribute_Label: D25_A Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Arithmetic (μm):Diameter at which 25% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 38.9378769 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1030.442981 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: microns Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEDIAN (D50)_A Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Arithmetic (μm):Diameter at which 50% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value and 50% is larger; middle point in the grain size distribution in microns. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 61.90160723 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1231.99232 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: microns Attribute: Attribute_Label: D75_A Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Arithmetic (μm):Diameter at which 75% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 92.86692818 Range_Domain_Maximum: 20571.42857 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: microns Attribute: Attribute_Label: D90_A Attribute_Definition: Method of Moments Statistics - Arithmetic (μm):Diameter at which 90% of the sample mass is comprised of sediment particles with a diameter less than this value. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 133.1220297 Range_Domain_Maximum: 27428.57143 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: microns Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_16 Attribute_Definition: 16 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 16 phi fraction and smaller (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.000015625 mm, less than 0.00003125 mm); colloid. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_15 Attribute_Definition: 15 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 15 phi fraction and smaller (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.00003125 mm, less than 0.0000625 mm); colloid. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_14 Attribute_Definition: 14 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 14 phi fraction and smaller (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.0000625 mm, less than 0.000125 mm); colloid. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_13 Attribute_Definition: 13 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 13 phi fraction and smaller (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.000125 mm, less than 0.00025 mm); fine clay. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_12 Attribute_Definition: 12 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 12 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.00025 mm, but less than 0.0005 mm); fine clay. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_11 Attribute_Definition: 11 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 11 phi fraction and smaller (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.0005 mm, but less than 0.001 mm); fine clay. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_10 Attribute_Definition: 10 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 10 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.001 mm, but less than 0.002 mm); medium clay. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_9 Attribute_Definition: 9 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 9 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.002 mm, but less than 0.004 mm); coarse clay. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.528 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_8 Attribute_Definition: 8 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 8 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.004 mm, but less than 0.008 mm); very fine silt. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.533 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_7 Attribute_Definition: 7 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 7 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.008 mm, but less than 0.016 mm); fine silt. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 6.723 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_6 Attribute_Definition: 6 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 6 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.016 mm, but less than 0.031 mm); medium silt. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 14.628 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_5 Attribute_Definition: 5 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 5 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.031 mm, but less than 0.0625 mm); coarse silt. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 35.518 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_4 Attribute_Definition: 4 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 4 phi fraction (nominal diameters of particles greater than or equal to .0625 mm, but less than 0.125 mm); very fine sand. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 34.24 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_3 Attribute_Definition: 3 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 3 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.125 mm, but less than 0.25 mm); fine sand. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 66.877 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_2 Attribute_Definition: 2 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 2 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.25 mm, but less than 0.5 mm); medium sand. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.264 Range_Domain_Maximum: 65.626 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_1 Attribute_Definition: 1 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 1 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, but less than 1 mm); coarse sand. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 66.743 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_0 Attribute_Definition: 0 phi: weight percent of the sample in the 0 phi fraction (nominal diameters of particles greater than or equal to 1 mm, but less than 2 mm); very coarse sand. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 69.28 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_-1 Attribute_Definition: -1 phi: weight percent of the sample in the -1 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 2 mm, but less than 4 mm); very fine pebbles (granules). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 7.094 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_-2 Attribute_Definition: -2 phi: weight percent of the sample in the -2 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 4 mm, but less than 8 mm); fine pebbles. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.599 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_-3 Attribute_Definition: -3 phi: weight percent of the sample in the -3 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 8 mm, but less than 16 mm); medium pebbles. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_-4 Attribute_Definition: -4 phi: weight percent of the sample in the -4 phi fraction (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 16 mm, but less than 32 mm); coarse pebbles. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 35.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_-5 Attribute_Definition: -5 phi: weight percent of the sample in the -5 phi fraction and larger (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 32 mm, but less than 64 mm); very coarse pebbles. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: PHI_-6 Attribute_Definition: -6 phi: weight percent of the sample in the -6 phi fraction and larger (nominal diameter of particles greater than or equal to 64 mm, but less than 128 mm); cobbles. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: ANALYST Attribute_Definition: Name (usually first, middle, and last initials) of person who performed the grain size or physical properties analysis. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: SAG/BJB Attribute: Attribute_Label: QUALITY GRADE Attribute_Definition: Samples are assigned a quality grade based on the examination of the analytical data. Data quality grades may be determined by several factors, and any comments or notes that indicate the data for a particular sample may be suspect are included in the results table for that sample under "comments". Quality grades for sample data that do not have any additional comments are assigned based on the calculated percent difference between the weights of the coarse fraction remaining after wet sieving and the sum of all of the weighed fractions after dry sieving the coarse fraction, indicating an estimated differing amount of material which could skew the calculated grain size results: A = percent differences between 0% and ±1.5%, B = percent differences between ±1.5% and ±3%, C = percent differences between ±3% and ±4.5%, and D = percent differences greater than ±4.5%. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: A-BJB Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: B-BJB Attribute: Attribute_Label: QA/QC COMMENTS Attribute_Definition: Relevant comments on analytical observations or anomalies that may affect the quality of the data. Entries with no comments are left blank. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character set Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: GS ScienceBase Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Locations and grain-size analysis results of sediment samples collected in Lake Superior, Michigan, in August 2021 during USGS field activity 2021-005-FA. This dataset contains the following files: a comma separated values (CSV) file of the sediment sample locations and grain-size analysis results using the laser diffraction method; a browse graphic of sediment sample locations (2021-005-FA_samples_browse.jpg); and Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM) metadata files in standard formats. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: CSV Format_Information_Content: This dataset contains a comma separated values (CSV) file of locations and grain-size analysis results for sediment samples collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in Lake Superior, Michigan, in August 2021 during USGS field activity 2021-005-FA. File_Decompression_Technique: Use any zip decompression software (e.g., 7-Zip, WinZip, PeaZip). Transfer_Size: 0.01 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/623c8967d34e915b67d39473 Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/623c8967d34e915b67d39473 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NJY125 Access_Instructions: The first link is to the page containing the data, the second link downloads all data available from the page as a zip file, and the third link is to the publication landing page. Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: This dataset contains data available as a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Open source software can be used to read the csv format file. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20220609 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2315 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time