Uncertainty table for lidar-derived shorelines used when calculating rates in the Digital Shoreline Analysis System software for the southern shoreline of Cape Cod, MA

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Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 2018
Title:
Uncertainty table for lidar-derived shorelines used when calculating rates in the Digital Shoreline Analysis System software for the southern shoreline of Cape Cod, MA
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9O7S72B
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9O7S72B
Online_Linkage: Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Emily A. Himmelstoss
Originator: Amy S. Farris
Originator: Kathryn M. Weber
Publication_Date: 2018
Title:
Massachusetts Shoreline Change Project: A GIS Compilation of Vector Shorelines for the 2018 update
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9O7S72B
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Other_Citation_Details:
Suggested citation: Himmelstoss, E.A., Farris, A.S., and Weber, K.M., 2018, Massachusetts shoreline change project—A GIS compilation of vector shorelines for the 2018 update: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9O7S72B.
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9O7S72B
Online_Linkage:
Description:
Abstract:
The Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management launched the Shoreline Change Project in 1989 to identify erosion-prone areas of the coast. The shoreline position and change rate are used to inform management decisions regarding the erosion of coastal resources. In 2001, a 1994 shoreline was added to calculate both long- and short-term shoreline change rates at 40-meter intervals along ocean-facing sections of the Massachusetts coast. In 2013 two oceanfront shorelines for Massachusetts were added using 2008-2009 color aerial orthoimagery and 2007 topographic LIDAR lidar datasets obtained from NOAA's Ocean Service, Coastal Services Center.
This 2018 update includes two new mean high water (MHW) shorelines for the Massachusetts coast extracted from lidar data collected between 2010-2014. The first new shoreline for the state includes data from 2010 along the North Shore and South Coast from lidar data collected by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX). Shorelines along the South Shore and Outer Cape are from 2011 lidar data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Geospatial Program Office. Shorelines along Nantucket and Martha’s Vineyard are from a 2012 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Post Sandy Topographic lidar survey. The second new shoreline for the North Shore, Boston, South Shore, Cape Cod Bay, Outer Cape, South Cape, Nantucket, Martha’s Vineyard, and South Coast west of Buzzards Bay is from 2013-2014 lidar data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Coastal and Marine Geology Program. Shorelines were extracted from these lidar surveys using several different methods dependent on the location of the shoreline and whether or not wave data were available.
Purpose:
This table includes measurement and positional errors associated with the 2014 lidar shoreline for the southern shoreline of Cape Cod, Massachusetts. This shoreline does not have buoy data from which to gather wave data, so the run-up equations the profile method implements to estimate a proxy-datum bias value cannot be used. While this table contains columns used to store a proxy-datum bias value (BIAS) and associated uncertainty (UNCYB) these fields do not contain any data and are simply place holders for use in the Digital Shoreline Analysis System software. The only field being used is the positional uncertainty field (UNCY). The dataset contains a common attribute with the M-values stored for the lidar data within the SouthCape_pShorelineNB_2014.shp. These data are used in conjunction with the shoreline file to calculate rates of shoreline change.
Supplemental_Information:
Cross-referenced citations are applicable to the dataset as a whole. Additional citations are located within individual process steps that pertain specifically to the method described in that step.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20140406
Ending_Date: 20140606
Currentness_Reference:
ground condition of the shorelines on which these values are based
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.65435542
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -69.9845359
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.67260472
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.51779863
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:5ee2765582ce3bd58d7e148b
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme_Keyword: environment
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC
Theme_Keyword: Massachusetts Coastal Zone Management
Theme_Keyword: MA CZM
Theme_Keyword: National Assessment of Shoreline Change Project
Theme_Keyword: Massachusetts Shoreline Change Project
Theme_Keyword: DSAS
Theme_Keyword: Digital Shoreline Analysis System
Theme_Keyword: Shoreline
Theme_Keyword: Shoreline Change
Theme_Keyword: Mean High Water
Theme_Keyword: MHW
Theme_Keyword: lidar uncertainty
Theme_Keyword: Database IV format
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: coastal processes
Theme_Keyword: statistical analysis
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: United States
Place_Keyword: Atlantic Coast
Place_Keyword: New England
Place_Keyword: Massachusetts
Access_Constraints: None.
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Emily A. Himmelstoss
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2262
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-547-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ehimmelstoss@usgs.gov
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.0.4.4000
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: E.R. Thieler
Originator: T.L. Smith
Publication_Date: 2013
Title:
Massachusetts Shoreline Change Mapping and Analysis Project, 2012 Update
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2012-1189
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1189/
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Theresa L. Smith
Originator: Emily A. Himmelstoss
Originator: E. Robert Thieler
Publication_Date: 2013
Title:
Massachusetts Shoreline Change Project: A GIS Compilation of Vector Shorelines and Associated Shoreline Change Data for the 2012 update
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2012-1183
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1183/
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: E. Robert Thieler
Originator: James F. O'Connell
Originator: Courtney A. Schupp
Publication_Date: 2001
Title:
The Massachusetts Shoreline Change Project: 1800s to 1994 Technical Report
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Administrative Report
Issue_Identification: 1
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Online_Linkage: Online_Linkage:
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Emily A. Himmelstoss
Originator: Meredith G. Kratzmann
Originator: Cheryl J. Hapke
Originator: E. Robert Thieler
Originator: Jeffrey List
Publication_Date: 20110119
Title:
The National Assessment of Shoreline Change: A GIS Compilation of Vector Shorelines and Associated Shoreline Change Data for the New England and Mid-Atlantic Coasts
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2010-1119
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1119/
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Emily A. Himmelstoss
Originator: Amy S. Farris
Originator: Rachel E. Henderson
Originator: Meredith G. Kratzmann
Originator: Ayhan Ergul
Originator: Ouya Zhang
Originator: Jessica L. Zichichi
Publication_Date: 2018
Title:
Digital Shoreline Analysis System (version 5.0): U.S. Geological Survey software
Series_Information:
Series_Name: software release
Issue_Identification: version 5.0
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/P91MNNSN
Online_Linkage: https://code.usgs.gov/usgs/dsas/
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
The attributes in this table record positional and measurement uncertainties and datum offsets calculated during the process of extracting an operational mean high water shoreline from the lidar data as described in the process steps. The field names are based on the requirements for use within the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software (USGS software release).
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Each row contains data associated with an individual vertex point along the lidar shoreline in SouthCape_pShorelineNB_2014.shp.
Completeness_Report:
The table only contains data where a mean high water shoreline point could be extrapolated from the lidar.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Each MHW shoreline point extracted using the profile method has an uncertainty associated with it. This uncertainty includes three components:
1) the 95% confidence interval on the linear regression estimate of the shoreline position;
2) the uncertainty associated with the elevation of the raw lidar data which is stated as 0.1 m RMS in the lidar metadata;
3) the uncertainty due to extrapolation if the shoreline point was determined by extrapolation.
The lidar shoreline has an average positional uncertainty of plus or minus 1.44 meters.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Office for Coastal Management (OCM)
Originator: Woolpert
Publication_Date: 20150615
Title:
2013-2014 U.S. Geological Survey CMGP LiDAR: Post Sandy (MA, NH, RI)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Charleston, SC
Publisher: NOAA's Ocean Service, Office for Coastal Management (OCM)
Online_Linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=4914
Online_Linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/htdata/lidar1_z/geoid12b/data/4914
Online_Linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer
Online_Linkage:
Type_of_Source_Media: online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20131116
Ending_Date: 20141227
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: 2013-2014 lidar
Source_Contribution: The LAS format (lidar data exchange file format) was used.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Whenever possible, a profile method was used to extract the operational Mean High Water (MHW) shoreline from the lidar point cloud data, using a Matlab-based approach (Matlab version 2015b) similar to the one developed by Stockdon and others (2002). Elevation values for the height of MHW were determined from vdatum (version 3.8) provided by NOAA (https://vdatum.noaa.gov/). We continued the practice set out by Weber and others, (2005) of using one MHW value for a continuous section of coast (as opposed to using a continuously varying value). We chose this value such that it is always within 15 cm of the value returned by vdatum at any point along the coast. For example, we used MHW = 0.6 m for all of Buzzards Bay even though vdatum shows it varying slightly over the basin. For the south shore of Cape Cod we used an average MHW elevation of 0.2 meters from Falmouth to approximatley Waquoit and 0.50 meters from approximatley Waquoit to Chatham. This profile method uses a coast-following reference line with 20 m spaced profiles. All lidar data points that are within 1 m of each profile are associated with that profile. All work is done on the 2 m wide profiles, working on a single profile at a time.
For each profile, a linear regression was fit through data points on the foreshore and the regression was evaluated at the MHW elevation to yield the cross-shore position of the MHW shoreline. If there was a data gap at MHW or if the MHW elevation was obscured by water points, the linear regression was simply extrapolated to the MHW elevation. Foreshore beach slope is defined as the slope of the regression line.
Each MHW shoreline point that was extracted using this profile method has an uncertainty associated with it. This uncertainty includes three components: 1) the 95% confidence interval on the linear regression estimate of the shoreline position; 2) the uncertainty associated with the elevation of the raw lidar data and; 3)the uncertainty due to extrapolation. These three components of uncertainty were added in quadrature to yield a total error for each shoreline point. For details on each component, see pp.12-13 under the section titled Lidar-Derived MHW Shoreline Position Uncertainty in Hapke and others (2011).
There is a known horizontal offset between the datum-based lidar MHW shoreline and the proxy-based historical shorelines on open-ocean sandy beaches that nearly always acts in one direction (Ruggiero and List, 2009). In order to estimate the bias between these two types of shorelines, wave data from a nearby buoy is needed to calculate wave run-up. Many of the sheltered areas within the Massachusetts study area do not have nearby buoy data and a proxy-datum bias value cannot be calculated in these areas. Therefore when this new datum-based MHW shoreline is compared to historic proxy-based HWL shorelines in these sheltered areas, there may be some artificial landward offset of the historic data that has not been quantified and could potentially influence the rates. For example, the north facing shoreline of Martha's Vineyard tends to have lower wave energy, which would result in less run-up and yield a smaller offset between a proxy shoreline and a datum shoreline than would occur along open-ocean coasts.
Hapke, C.J., Himmelstoss, E.A., Kratzmann, M.G., List, J.H., and Thieler, E.R., 2011, National assessment of shoreline change—Historical shoreline change along the New England and Mid-Atlantic coasts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1118, 57 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1118/.
Ruggiero, P., and List, J.H., 2009, Improving accuracy and statistical reliability of shoreline position and change rate estimates: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 25, no. 5, p. 1069-1081. [Also available at https://www.jstor.org/stable/27752753]
Stockdon, H.F., Sallenger, A.H., List, J.H., and Holman, R.A., 2002, Estimation of shoreline position and change using airborne topographic lidar data: Journal of Coastal Research, v.18, no. 3, p. 502-513. [Also available at https://www.jstor.org/stable/4299097]
Process_Date: 2016
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Amy S. Farris
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2344
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: afarris@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The series of operational MHW points extracted from the cross-shore lidar profiles were converted to a .dbf file storing the lidar positional uncertainty, for each point of the original lidar data. During the rate calculation process DSAS uses linear referencing to retrieve the uncertainty value stored in the associated table.
Process_Date: 2016
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Emily A. Himmelstoss
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2262
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ehimmelstoss@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Moved the uncertainty table and the corresponding metadata to a landing page of its own to facilitate the assigning of a persistent identifier to the metadata that is based on the landing page UUID. This reorganization required updating various links in the metadata.
Process_Date: 20200611
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.
Process_Date: 20200810
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Indirect_Spatial_Reference:
This dataset contains 2639 records that are related to the associated shoreline datasets by M-values in each polyline-M shapefile that is represented by the ID attribute in this dataset.
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geographic:
Latitude_Resolution: 0.0197414457
Longitude_Resolution: 0.0262712599
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal seconds
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: WGS_1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_84
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: SouthCape_pShorelineNB_2014_uncertainty
Entity_Type_Definition: uncertainty table
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: OID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: ID
Attribute_Definition:
This field is case-sensitive and name specific. The field contains a cross-shore lidar profile ID stored as the M-value (measure value) at each vertex in the calibrated shoreline route. This serves as the link between the lidar shoreline and the uncertainty table and must be a unique number at each point.
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 67
Range_Domain_Maximum: 3673
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: UNCY
Attribute_Definition:
This field heading is case-sensitive and name specific. The field contains the plus/minus horizontal uncertainty (meters) in the lidar shoreline position at each cross-shore beach profile.
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.63
Range_Domain_Maximum: 6.98
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: BIAS
Attribute_Definition:
This field is a place holder and is not used in the South Cape analysis. It is a required field for the file when using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System software. This field heading is case-sensitive and name specific. The field contains a proxy-datum bias value describing the unidirectional horizontal offset (in meters) between the MHW elevation of the lidar data and proxy-based historic HWL shoreline positions.
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: UNCYB
Attribute_Definition:
This field is a place holder and is not used in the South Cape analysis. It is a required field for the file when using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System software. This field heading is case-sensitive and name specific. The field contains the uncertainty in the calculated proxy-datum bias value (BIAS) in meters.
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the dataset. Please review the individual attribute descriptions for detailed information.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: MS 302
City: Denver
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov
Resource_Description:
The dataset contains the uncertainty data in DBF format (SouthCape_pShorelineNB_2014_uncertainty.dbf) and the CSDGM metadata in XML and TEXT format.
Distribution_Liability:
Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: DBF
Format_Version_Number: dBase IV
Format_Information_Content: The dataset contains the uncertainty table, and CSDGM metadata.
Transfer_Size: 1
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information: Access_Instructions:
The first link is to the page containing the data. The second is a direct link to download all data available from the page as a zip file. And the final link is to the publication landing page.
Fees: None
Technical_Prerequisites:
These data are available in dBase file format. The user must have software capable of reading or importing the dBase formatted data file.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20240319
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Emily A. Himmelstoss
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2262
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240319)
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

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