Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 20221222 Title: Ground control and transect points collected during uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) operations: Plum Island Estuary and Parker River NWR (PIEPR), November 14, 2017 and March 28, 2019 Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9PP35F4 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PP35F4 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/62a22d14d34ec53d2770697f Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Jennifer M. Cramer Originator: Emily C. Huntley Originator: Sandra M. Brosnahan Originator: Neil K. Ganju Originator: Emily J. Sturdivant Originator: Elizabeth A. Pendleton Originator: Seth D. Ackerman Originator: Jonathan Borden Publication_Date: 2022 Title: Aerial imagery and ground control points collected during an uncrewed aerial systems (UAS) survey at Plum Island Estuary and Parker River NWR (PIEPR), November 14, 2017 and March 28, 2019 Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9PP35F4 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Cramer, J.M., Huntley, E.C., Brosnahan, S.M., Ganju, N.K., Sturdivant, E.J., Pendleton, E.A., Ackerman, S.D., and Borden, J., 2022, Aerial imagery and ground control points collected during an uncrewed aerial systems (UAS) survey at Plum Island Estuary and Parker River NWR (PIEPR), November 14, 2017 and March 28, 2019: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PP35F4. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PP35F4 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/62718655d34e76103cd586a1 Description: Abstract: Low-altitude (80 and 100 meters above ground level) digital images were collected by the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (WHCMSC) Aerial Imaging and Mapping Group (AIMG) over an area of the Plum Island Estuary and Parker River National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) in Massachusetts on November 14, 2017 and March 28, 2019 to document marsh stability over time and quantify sediment movement. A 3DR Solo uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) was equipped with either a Ricoh GR II digital camera for true-color color photos, used to produce digital elevation models and ortho images, or a MicaSense RedEdge multispectral camera that captures five specific bands of the visible spectrum (blue, green, red, red edge, and near-infrared), used to classify vegetation. The MicaSense camera covered a smaller subsection of the same polygonal area of the marsh that the Ricoh imaged. Some photographs contain black and white targets used as ground control points (GCPs), which were surveyed by a field crew with a high-precision Real-Time Kinematic Global Positioning System. This data release includes the original images from both cameras, as well as a CSV file containing the latitude and longitude coordinates, in Universal Transverse Mercator Zone 19N referenced to the North American Datum of 1983, of the ground control points needed to complete any photogrammetry projects using the original photographs, and GPS transect points used to evaluate the photogrammetry products created. Purpose: The objective of obtaining these ground control points was to constrain the photogrammetric products constructed from the aerial images taken, by providing survey-quality ground validation, which far exceeds the accuracy that can be provided from the photo geolocations alone. Ground control points are used to geolocate the products as accurately as possible. Supplemental_Information: These data were collected by the USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program under USGS field activity numbers 2017-057-FA and 2019-009-FA. The field activity webpages (https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2017-057-FA, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-009-FA) contain additional information regarding the field activities. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20171114 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20190328 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Not planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.822757 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.805472 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.778568 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.769522 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: navigation Theme_Keyword: ground control points Theme_Keyword: Global Positioning System Theme_Keyword: Spectra Precision SP80 Theme_Keyword: Carlson SurvCE Theme_Keyword: GPS Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: navigational data Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: location Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:62a22d14d34ec53d2770697f Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: USA Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Parker River Place_Keyword: Plum Island Place_Keyword: Parker River National Wildlife Refuge Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Sandra Brosnahan Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2265 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sbrosnahan@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/62a22d14d34ec53d2770697f?name=2017057FA_2019009FA_gcptrans_browse.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Ground control and transect point locations for 2017 and 2019 surveys. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Neil K. Ganju Originator: Sandra M. Brosnahan Originator: Emily J. Sturdivant Originator: Elizabeth A. Pendleton Originator: Seth D. Ackerman Publication_Date: 20190529 Title: Aerial imagery from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights and ground control points-Plum Island Estuary and Parker River NWR (PIEPR), February 27th, 2018 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: This publication represents data collected in the same way and in the same place in 2018 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9O9NSRK Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Spectra Precision SP80 GNSS receivers were used to collect the ground control points and transect coordinates. Logical_Consistency_Report: The CSV files list the locations for all ground control and transect points. The columns contain, in order, ORIGINAL_ID, Northing (UTM), Easting (UTM), Elevation (in meters), DATE_collected, and Description (whether the ground control is a target or a transect). The target names (ORIGINAL_ID) are uniquely named (e.g. P01, T20, T31); each transect (consisting of several GPS fixes along a survey line) has a unique location, however the points for that transect are all named similarly (e.g. Road). Targets included commercial targets (4 ft x 4 ft x 4 mm PVC plastic sheets with black and white checkered pattern at diagonals and grommets in corners; Berntsen International, Inc. product number AT48IC-STK), plywood targets (2 ft x 2 ft x 1/2-in plywood boards painted with black and white square checkered pattern), and black and white checkered AeroPoints (1.8 ft x 1.8 ft x 1 + 1/4-inch); manufactured by PropellerAero (only used in 2019 survey). The commercial targets were designated Tnn, the plywood targets were designated Pnn, and the AeroPoint targets were designated Ann, where nn is the one- or two- digit target number. GPS rover instruments were used by field crews to map targets for ground control points. AeroPoint targets A03, A04, and A05 were surveyed by the rover GPS due to unsuccessful upload of their internal survey measurements. Additionally, target A04 was mistakenly moved mid-survey sometime between 16:50:51 UTC and 17:01:26 UTC so only photos collected prior to it being moved were used to mark the target during photogrammetry processing. This target does not appear in the correct location in photos taken during flight 11 of field activity 2019-009-FA. Completeness_Report: Locations for all ground control points and transect points collected are listed in the CSV text files. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal positions were determined with GNSS rovers receiving real-time differential corrections from a GNSS base station established over a temporary benchmark. The base station was a Spectra model SP80 GNSS receiver with UHF radio and external antenna mounted on a tripod. The antenna height was 2.25 m. The coordinates of the reference point were determined from an ultra-rapid precise orbit On-line Positioning User Service (OPUS) solution. Spectra Precision model SP80 GNSS receivers were also used as rovers, which linked via Bluetooth to a data collector (Carlson CHC LT30 Handheld Terminal running Carlson SurvCE v. 4.06 software under Windows Mobile v. 6.1 Professional operating system). Rover antennas were mounted on 2-m survey rods with bubble levels and 5-cm (2-inch) sand feet. Conversions from satellite coordinates to NAD83(2011) UTM zone 19N (EPSG::6348) and NAVD88 (Geoid 12b) were made by Carlson SurvCE software in the data collector. Horizontal accuracy based on the reoccupation of a stake locations was 1.5 cm. The uncertainty of OPUS fixes for the RTK-GPS base stations adds another 0.26 cm of uncertainty, therefore, the theoretical horizontal accuracy of the GCP and transect points is + or - 1.76 cm. Horizontal positions for the AeroPoint targets are determined from the embedded GPS. Conversions from satellite coordinates to NAD83(2011) UTM zone 19N (EPSG::6348) and NAVD88 were made using the Propeller Aero Network Correction. The theoretical horizontal accuracy is 3.00 cm. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Vertical positions were determined with the GNSS rovers receiving real-time differential corrections from a GNSS base station established over a temporary benchmark. The theoretical vertical accuracy of the RTK GPS is 2.5 cm. For a similar survey in 2018 with the same survey equipment, an accuracy assessment determined an uncertainty of 0.54 cm. Vertical positions for the AeroPoint targets are determined from the embedded GPS. The theoretical vertical accuracy is 3.00 cm. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Ground control points and transect points, are listed in the CSV files 2017057FA_PlumIsland_GCP.csv and 2019009FA_PlumIsland_GCP.csv Finalized versions were created 2/6/2019 and 5/4/2022, respectively. Targets and transect measurements collected with the rover GPS were exported from the data collectors as text file in the RW5 format and then processed (referenced to the base OPUS rapid static solution) and exported to comma-separated values (CSV) files using the Carlson Report Generator for a SurvCE RW5 Report (https://www.carlsonemea.com/cwa/report ), while measurements collected by the AeroPoints were exported to comma-separated values (CSV) files from the Propeller website (www.propelleraero.com). Rover and AeroPoint datasets were combined and manually edited to filter by transect point or ground control point and extraneous columns were removed. The target data are used as an input to the Agisoft Photoscan or Pix4D software to control the data horizontally and vertically. The transect points collected within the study area are used to ground truth data products (Point Cloud, DEM and Orthomosaic) created in Agisoft Photoscan, and Pix4D. Process_Date: 20220404 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Sandra Brosnahan Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: Massachusetts Postal_Code: 02543 Country: U.S.A. Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2265 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508 457 2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Sbrosnahan@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 142 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.00000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000 False_Easting: 500000.0000 False_Northing: 0.0000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.0001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.0001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 (2011) Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) Altitude_Resolution: 0.0001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2017057FA_PlumIsland_GCP.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Target points and transect points collected using surveying techniques. These points are used in post-processing to improve the quality of the positioning in the final photogrammetric products (ground control points) and in assessing the vertical accuracy of the final products (transects) Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: ORIGINAL_ID Attribute_Definition: Provides the unique name for each target or the transect identifier to which the point belongs. Transects consists of several records - and in this case the only transect has the unique identifier ROAD. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: character set Attribute: Attribute_Label: Northing Attribute_Definition: Northing coordinate in UTM Zone 19N meters, NAD83 (2011) Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4736802.194 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4737835.682 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Easting Attribute_Definition: Easting coordinate in UTM Zone 19N meters, NAD83 (2011) Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 350895.7244 Range_Domain_Maximum: 352272.8031 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Elevation Attribute_Definition: Orthometric elevation relative to NAVD88 (geoid12b) Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.4234 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.7173 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: DATE_Collected Attribute_Definition: Date of point collection in mm/dd/yy format Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: character set to represent calendar date of collection Attribute: Attribute_Label: Description Attribute_Definition: simple descriptor used to distinguish between ground control points (Target) and transect points (TRANS) Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: character set Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2019009FA_PlumIsland_GCP.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Target points collected using surveying techniques. These points are used in post-processing to improve the quality of the positioning in the final photogrammetric products (ground control points). Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: ORIGINAL_ID Attribute_Definition: Provides the unique name for each target where A denoting an AeroPoint, T denoting a commercial PVC target, and P denoting a plywood target. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: character set Attribute: Attribute_Label: Northing Attribute_Definition: Northing coordinate in UTM Zone 19N meters, NAD83 (2011) Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4736863.296 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4737689.154 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Easting Attribute_Definition: Easting coordinate in UTM Zone 19N meters, NAD83 (2011) Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 350982.6850 Range_Domain_Maximum: 352262.5530 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Elevation Attribute_Definition: Orthometric elevation relative to NAVD88 (geoid12b) Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.5100 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.4400 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: DATE_Collected Attribute_Definition: Date of point collection in mm/dd/yy format Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: character set to represent calendar date of collection Attribute: Attribute_Label: Description Attribute_Definition: simple descriptor used to distinguish between ground control points (Target) and transect points (Trans) Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: character set Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The files 2017057FA_PlumIsland_GCP.csv and 2019009FA_PlumIsland_GCP.csv list the locations of all ground control points and transect points. The text contains one header record, and data records with six columns of comma-separated values defined by the attribute labels. The columns contain, in order, the ORIGINAL_ID, Northing (UTM), Easting (UTM), Elevation (m), DATE_collected, and Description, whether it's a target or transect. The target names (ORIGINAL_ID) are uniquely named (e.g T20, P03); the transect (consisting of several GPS fixes along a survey line) has a unique name (ROAD). Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS Field Activities 2017-057-FA and 2019-009_FA Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: The dataset contains a CSV file of ground control and transect points for field activities 2017-057-FA (2017057FA_GCP_PlumIsland.csv) and 2019-009-FA (2019009FA_GCP_PlumIsland.csv), a browse graphic showing the location of the points (2017057FA_2019009FA_gcptrans_browse.jpg), and one CSDGM metadata file for both field activities in XML format (2017057FA_2019009FA_GCP_PlumIsland.xml). Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: CSV Format_Information_Content: The downloaded data consists of the CSV files of ground control points and transect, browse graphics, and the CSDGM metadata. Transfer_Size: 0.01 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/62a22d14d34ec53d2770697f Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/62a22d14d34ec53d2770697f Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PP35F4 Access_Instructions: The first link downloads all the information on the dataset landing page, the second link is to the dataset landing page, and the third link is to the main landing page of the data release. Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: Adequate computer capability is the only technical prerequisite for viewing data in digital form. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20221222 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jennifer M Cramer Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: U.S. Geological Survey Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time