Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Zafer Defne Originator: Neil K. Ganju Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Elevation of marsh units in Plum Island Estuary and Parker River salt marsh complex, Massachusetts Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set (Polygon) Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9R229RI Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Defne, Z., and Ganju, N.K., 2018, Elevation of marsh units in Plum Island Estuary and Parker River salt marsh complex, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/P9R229RI Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9R229RI Description: Abstract: This data release provides elevation distribution in the Plum Island Estuary and Parker River (PIEPR) salt marsh complex. Elevation distribution was calculated in terms of mean elevation of conceptual marsh units defined by Defne and Ganju (2018). The elevation data was based on the 1-meter gridded Digital Elevation Model and supplemented by 1-meter resampled 1/9 arc-second resolution National Elevation Data, where data gaps exist. Through scientific efforts initiated with the Hurricane Sandy Science Plan, the U.S. Geological Survey has been expanding national assessment of coastal change hazards and forecast products to coastal wetlands, including the Plum Island Estuary and Parker River salt marsh complex, with the intent of providing Federal, State, and local managers with tools to estimate the vulnerability and ecosystem service potential of these wetlands. For this purpose, the response and resilience of coastal wetlands to physical factors need to be assessed in terms of the ensuing change to their vulnerability and ecosystem services. Mean elevation of marsh units is planned to be an underlying parameter in the synthesis of these factors. References: Defne, Z., and Ganju, N.K., 2018, Conceptual marsh units for Plum Island Estuary and Parker River salt marsh complex, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XF54QF Purpose: The purpose of this shapefile is to calculate mean elevation for each marsh unit and its vegetated component. Analysis of marsh elevation is planned to be a part of a comprehensive assessment to identify the factors and their weights in determining the vulnerability and resiliency of salt marshes. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2018 Currentness_Reference: Publication date. Elevation calculations were based on geoprocessing of the 1/9 arc second resolution U,S. Geological Survey National Elevation Data (USGS NED) collected in 2011, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Digital Elevation Map (USDA DEM) with a processing date of 2016. Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.928234635 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.768945223 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.843340605 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.679945448 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:5b622ecce4b006a11f6f84d6 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme_Keyword: wetland ecosystems Theme_Keyword: wetland functions Theme_Keyword: coastal ecosystems Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: salt marsh Theme_Keyword: vegetation Theme_Keyword: marsh health Theme_Keyword: estuary Theme_Keyword: Long-Term Ecological Research Theme_Keyword: LTER Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: elevation Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Parker River National Wildlife Refuge Place_Keyword: Parker River/Essex Bay Area of Critical Environmental Concern Place_Keyword: Great Marsh Area of Critical Environmental Concern Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Plum Island Sound Place_Keyword: Parker River Place_Keyword: Merrimack River Place_Keyword: Sandy Point State Reservation Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: The mean elevation for each marsh unit is defined for scientific research purposes and should not be used as a sole source of reference for any regulations and policy making. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the source of this information. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Zafer Defne Contact_Position: Ocean Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2254 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: zdefne@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5b622ecce4b006a11f6f84d6?name=mu_elev_PIEPRp.png Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Graphic that shows elevation in marsh units of PIEPR salt marsh complex overlaying Esri basemap. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PNG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.5.1 (Build 7333) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Zafer Defne Originator: Neil K. Ganju Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Conceptual marsh units for Plum Island Estuary and Parker River salt marsh complex, Massachusetts Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set (Polygon) Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9XF54QF Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XF54QF Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Marsh units, water and land boundary inherit their accuracy from accuracy of the source data, PIEPR marsh units and vertical accuracy determined by the source data NED. Logical_Consistency_Report: Positive elevation indicates above sea level. Marsh units with extremely low elevation (smaller than 0.2 percentile value), with extremely high elevation (larger than 99.8 percentile value) or with areas less than 900 square meters were flagged. Completeness_Report: The results are specific to the marsh polygons definition within the boundaries of the PIEPR salt marsh complex. A detailed on-the-ground analysis of a single site may result in a different interpretation of the wetland and marsh unit boundaries. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal accuracy is inherited from NED 1/9 second (~3-meter) and the 1-meter resolution USDA DEM from lidar. Although the analyses were performed at 1-meter resolution for smoother conformity with the clipping polygons, the resolution of the final product should be considered to be 1 to 3 meters. No quantitative assessment of horizontal accuracy of the source elevation dataset was available. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Because the elevation values are averaged over previously delineated polygons, vertical accuracy depends on both the horizontal accuracy of PIEPR marsh units and the vertical accuracy of source elevation data NED and USDA DEM. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service Soils (USDA NRCS) - National Geospatial Center of Excellence Publication_Date: 20110215 Title: LiDAR Elevation Dataset - Bare Earth DEM - 1 Meter Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Raster Digital Data Set Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fort Worth, TX Publisher: U.S. Department of Agriculture Other_Citation_Details: The following 1-meter DEM files were used in analyses: >1) lidar01m42070g8.tif >2) lidar01m42070g7.tif >3) lidar01m42070f7.tif Online_Linkage: https://gdg.sc.egov.usda.gov/ Online_Linkage: https://gdg.sc.egov.usda.gov/GDGHome_DirectDownLoad.aspx Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2012 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USDA DEM Source_Contribution: Elevation data from USDA 1-meter DEM were used in analyses. Projection was NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N with the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88). Download date was 2017/09/01. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2012 Title: USGS National Elevation Dataset (NED) 1/9 arc-second Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Raster Digital Data Set Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: The following USGS NED ned19 tiles were used in analyses: >1) USGS NED ned19_n43x00_w071x00_ma_lftne_lot7_2011 1/9 arc-second 2012 15 x 15 minute IMG >2) USGS NED ned19_n42x75_w071x00_ma_lftne_lot7_2011 1/9 arc-second 2012 15 x 15 minute IMG Online_Linkage: https://ned.usgs.gov/ Online_Linkage: https://nationalmap.gov/viewer.html Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2012 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NED Source_Contribution: Elevation data from USGS NED ned19 tiles were used in analyses. Projection was NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N with the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88). Download date was 2017/09/01. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Zafer Defne Originator: Neil K. Ganju Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Conceptual marsh units for Plum Island Estuary and Parker River salt marsh complex, Massachusetts Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set (Polygon) Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9XF54QF Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XF54QF Type_of_Source_Media: Online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2018 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: CMU_PIEPRp.shp Source_Contribution: Used the features in [CMU_PIEPRp.shp] to calculate the mean elevation for each marsh unit. Projection was WGS 1984 Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere. Process_Step: Process_Description: This process step and all subsequent process steps were performed by the same person, Zafer Defne, in ArcMap (ver. 10.5.1) using tools from ArcToolbox, unless otherwise stated. For complex operations, names of specific tools used are given in CAPITAL letters (any critical parameters used are given in parentheses, separated by a semicolon, immediately after the tool name). The input and output file names are provided in [square brackets] when necessary. Units for length and area calculations are meters (m) and square meters (m2) unless otherwise stated. a) Set the data frame coordinate system and projection to NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N. Prepare elevation dataset to be clipped to the boundaries polygon. MOSAIC TO NEW RASTER(Pixel type= 32 bit float; Mosaic operator=Mean; Cellsize=1 m) all of the USGS NED tiles and USDA DEM raster to a new raster dataset with 1 m resolution [elev_mosaic.tif]. Resolution is increased from 3 m to 1 m to have a finer representation of the polygon boundaries in the horizontal during this step. b) Calculate values for each marsh unit. DISSOLVE(Input features=[CMU_PIEPRp]; Dissolve field=FID_CMU; Statistics field=ATOT_M2 and FLG with Statistics type= First) to dissolve the vegetated and unvegetated classes in each marsh unit. FLG flags anomalous marsh units based on absence of vegetation, elevation and surface area, and is set to (-1) no vegetated area; (-10) marsh unit elevation higher than the 99.8 percentile; (-100) marsh unit elevation less than 0.2 percentile; (-1000) marsh unit surface area less than 900 m2; and (0) no flag. Combination of negative values indicate combination of flags. For example, -1001 indicates no vegetated area and area less than 900m2. PROJECT(Input coordinate system=WGS 1984 Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere; Output coordinate system=NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N; Geographic transformation=WGS 1984 (ITRF00) to NAD 1983) the feature dataset to obtain dissolved marsh units [mu_diss.shp]. c) Clip the raster with the polygon features by using EXTRACT BY MASK to obtain [elev_idw_mu.tif]. d) ZONAL STATISTICS AS TABLE(Feature Zone Data=[mu_diss.shp]; zone field=FID_CMU; Value Raster=[elev_idw_mu.tif]; Output Table=mu; Statistics type=MEAN) e) ADD JOIN(Layer name=[mu_diss.shp]; Input join field=FID_CMU; Join Table=mu; Output join field=FID_CMU) to marsh units layer based on the "FID_CMU" field f) Export dataset as a shapefile [mu_elev.shp] and keep the 'mu_MEAN" and "mu_ATOT_M2" fields from the join operation. g) Calculate elevation of the vegetated areas only. SELECT BY ATTRIBUTES FROM [CMU_PIEPRp] where "CLASS"= 'vegetated'. Follow steps (c) to (f) using the selected features to export [veg_elev.shp]. h) JOIN FIELD(Input table=[mu_elev.shp]; Input join field=mu_FID_CMU; Join table=[veg_elev.shp]; Output join field=vg_FID_CMU; Join fields=vg_AVEG_M2,vg_ATOT_M2,vg_MEAN). Change the field names to VG_ELEV and MU_ELEV respectively for the fields with the mean elevation for the vegetated area only and mean elevation for the entire marsh unit. Name AVEG_M2 and ATOT_M2 for vegetated and total area, respectively, and export to a new shapefile. [mu_elev_PIEPR.shp]. i) SELECT BY ATTRIBUTES FROM [CMU_PIEPRp] where "CLASS"= 'vegetated', and join field "APGN_M2" from CMU_PIEPRp.shp on the feature dataset [mu_elev_PIEPR.shp]. j) Rearrange field names and change the projection for better performance of web services with online base maps. PROJECT(Input coordinate system=NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N; Output coordinate system=WGS 1984 Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere; Geographic transformation=WGS 1984 (ITRF00) to NAD 1983) the feature dataset to obtain the final conceptual marsh units [mu_elev_PIEPRp.shp]. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: CMU_PIEPRp Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: USDA DEM Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NED Process_Date: 2018 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: mu_elev_PIEPRp Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Zafer Defne Contact_Position: Ocean Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2254 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: zdefne@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20200806 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 1230 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: WGS 1984 Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere (ESRI Full Name: WGS_1984_Web_Mercator_Auxiliary_Sphere) Mercator: Standard_Parallel: 0.0 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: 0.0 False_Easting: 0.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.6096 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.6096 Planar_Distance_Units: Meter Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: mu_elev_PIEPRp Entity_Type_Definition: Attribute information associated with the mean elevation of the conceptual marsh units of PIEPR salt marsh complex. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID_CMU Attribute_Definition: Sequential unique whole number that represents the identification number for each conceptual marsh units. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1229 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: none Attribute: Attribute_Label: ATOT_M2 Attribute_Definition: Total surface area of a marsh unit in square meters Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.699117 Range_Domain_Maximum: 814996.616952 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: square meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: AVEG_M2 Attribute_Definition: Surface area of vegetated part of a marsh unit in square meters Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 782582.767657 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: square meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: MU_ELEV Attribute_Definition: Mean elevation of a marsh unit in meters Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -2.09999990463 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5.80967270263 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: VG_ELEV Attribute_Definition: Mean elevation of the vegetated area in a marsh unit in meters Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -2.09999990463 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5.88614237446 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: FLG Attribute_Definition: Marsh unit flag indicating anomalous marsh units based on absence of vegetation, elevation and surface area. FLG values indicate: (-1) no vegetated area; (-10) marsh unit elevation higher than the 99.8 percentile; (-100) marsh unit elevation less than 0.2 percentile; (-1000) marsh unit surface area less than 900 m2; and (0) no flag. Combination of negative values indicate combination of flags. For example, -1001 indicates no vegetated area and area less than 900m2. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -1010 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: None Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: In this dataset, mean elevation for each conceptual salt marsh unit in the PIEPR salt marsh complex has been calculated based on the1-meter resolution DEM and 1-meter resampled 1/9 arc-second horizontal resolution source datasets. Decimal values in the attribute table are a result of double precision calculations while significant digits are considered in defining the attribute measurement resolutions. Therefore, the smallest unit increment for area values and elevation is assumed to be 1 meter and 0.01, respectively. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: mu_elev_PIEPRp Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Not for navigational use. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Shapefile Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 10.5.1 Format_Information_Content: This zipped file contains a polygon shapefile and its components, a style layer descriptor file, metadata in xml, txt and html formats and a browse image. Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5b622ecce4b006a11f6f84d6 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9R229RI Access_Instructions: The first link in network resources is to download data directly. The second link points to a landing page with metadata and data. Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: WMS Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/5b622ecce4b006a11f6f84d6?service=wms&request=getcapabilities&version=1.3.0 Access_Instructions: The link in network resources points to the Web Mapping Services (WMS) end point. Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: WFS Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/5b622ecce4b006a11f6f84d6?service=wfs&request=getcapabilities&version=1.0.0 Access_Instructions: The link in network resources points to the Web Feature Service (WFS) end point. Fees: None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the data set. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20200806 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Zafer Defne Contact_Position: Ocean Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2254 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: zdefne@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998